Question 1

According to Brym and Lie,definitions of crime are usually constructed so as to bestow advantages on the ____ members of society and disadvantages on the ____.

Accepted Answer

A) more powerful; less powerful 
B) less powerful; more powerful 
C) political; economic 
D) mainstream; subcultural 
E) all of these choices 
A) more powerful; less powerful 
B) less powerful; more powerful 
C) political; economic 
D) mainstream; subcultural 
E) all of these choices

Question 2

Theories that seek to explain the attraction of criminal behavior by identifying the social factors that drive people to commit deviance and crime are called:

Accepted Answer

A) motivational theories 
B) constraint theories 
C) strain theories 
D) subcultural theories 
E) techniques of neutralization 
A) motivational theories 
B) constraint theories 
C) strain theories 
D) subcultural theories 
E) techniques of neutralization

Question 3

According to the text,which group does NOT benefit from a moral panic?

Accepted Answer

A) the American public 
B) the crime prevention industry 
C) the punishment industry 
D) the criminal justice system 
E) depressed rural area that have built prisons 
A) the American public 
B) the crime prevention industry 
C) the punishment industry 
D) the criminal justice system 
E) depressed rural area that have built prisons

Question 4

Prison often turns criminals into worse criminals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Outline Merton's strain theory of deviance and crime.

Accepted Answer

Merton's strain theory of deviance and c

Question 6

People disagree about whether smoking marijuana should be considered a crime,especially since some advocates claim it may have therapeutic value in treating cancer or pain associated with cancer.This highlights which dimension of John Hagan's classification of deviance and crime?

Accepted Answer

A) severity of the social response 
B) perceived harmfulness of the deviant or criminal act 
C) degree of public agreement about whether an act should be considered deviant 
D) the invariability of social definitions of deviance and crime 
E) none of these choices 
A) severity of the social response 
B) perceived harmfulness of the deviant or criminal act 
C) degree of public agreement about whether an act should be considered deviant 
D) the invariability of social definitions of deviance and crime 
E) none of these choices

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a feature of criminal subcultures?

Accepted Answer

A) different subcultures in a neighborhood influence the types of crime that occur 
B) members usually justify their crimes 
C) criminals often feel remorseful for their crimes in private 
D) criminals are strict conformists when it comes to the norms of their own subculture 
E) none of these choices,these are all features of criminal subcultures 
A) different subcultures in a neighborhood influence the types of crime that occur 
B) members usually justify their crimes 
C) criminals often feel remorseful for their crimes in private 
D) criminals are strict conformists when it comes to the norms of their own subculture 
E) none of these choices,these are all features of criminal subcultures

Question 8

Durkheim asserted that deviance pushes against the limits of our tolerance; therefore,some deviance encourages:

Accepted Answer

A) unhealthy behaviors 
B) healthy social change 
C) the creation of extreme norms and values 
D) moral reasoning 
E) societal unification through revolution 
A) unhealthy behaviors 
B) healthy social change 
C) the creation of extreme norms and values 
D) moral reasoning 
E) societal unification through revolution

Question 9

The labeling of certain behavior as deviant is ____.

Accepted Answer

A) objective 
B) subjective 
C) universally consistent 
D) constant 
E) easy 
A) objective 
B) subjective 
C) universally consistent 
D) constant 
E) easy

Question 10

The majority of individuals arrested in the United States in 2001 were:

Accepted Answer

A) men 
B) women 
C) over thirty years of age 
D) highly educated 
E) men over thirty years of age 
A) men 
B) women 
C) over thirty years of age 
D) highly educated 
E) men over thirty years of age

Question 11

The gender gap in arrests is as wide as ever.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

A black person who murders a white person very rarely gets sentenced to death,but a white person who murders a black person is one of the most likely types of people to get the death penalty.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Rape involving strangers has been known as:

Accepted Answer

A) legal rape 
B) simple rape 
C) aggravated rape 
D) real rape 
E) none of these choices 
A) legal rape 
B) simple rape 
C) aggravated rape 
D) real rape 
E) none of these choices

Question 14

Relatively powerful groups can only rarely create norms and laws that suit their interests.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

White-collar crime is underdetected,underprosecuted,and underconvicted because it is the crime of the powerful and the well-to-do.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

When many people believed that their lives were in danger from rising levels of crime in the 1980s and 1990s,they were in the midst of:

Accepted Answer

A) a norm 
B) a value 
C) social control 
D) a moral panic 
E) contagion 
A) a norm 
B) a value 
C) social control 
D) a moral panic 
E) contagion

Question 17

The words "delinquent","criminal",and "loser",etc.that are attached to individuals are called:

Accepted Answer

A) stereotypes 
B) social opinions 
C) labels 
D) typifications 
E) nicknames 
A) stereotypes 
B) social opinions 
C) labels 
D) typifications 
E) nicknames

Question 18

Martin Luther King Jr.is today hailed by most Americans as a hero.This suggests how the social definition of ____ has changed over time.

Accepted Answer

A) crime 
B) deviance 
C) nonconformity 
D) perceived harmful acts 
E) all of these choices 
A) crime 
B) deviance 
C) nonconformity 
D) perceived harmful acts 
E) all of these choices

Question 19

Which of the following is a reason why the death penalty may not be a good deterrent to criminal behavior?

Accepted Answer

A) capital punishment is cost effective 
B) murder is often committed in a rage 
C) murder is normally well planned 
D) mistakes are infrequent 
E) none of these choices 
A) capital punishment is cost effective 
B) murder is often committed in a rage 
C) murder is normally well planned 
D) mistakes are infrequent 
E) none of these choices

Question 20

Today,the United States government spends eighteen times more on ____ than it did in 1980.

Accepted Answer

A) violent crime 
B) property crime 
C) drug control 
D) vice control 
E) stopping prostitution 
A) violent crime 
B) property crime 
C) drug control 
D) vice control 
E) stopping prostitution

Exam 7: Deviance and Crime

According to Brym and Lie,definitions of crime are usually constructed so as to bestow advantages on the ____ members of society and disadvantages on the ____.

Theories that seek to explain the attraction of criminal behavior by identifying the social factors that drive people to commit deviance and crime are called:

According to the text,which group does NOT benefit from a moral panic?

Prison often turns criminals into worse criminals.

Outline Merton's strain theory of deviance and crime.

People disagree about whether smoking marijuana should be considered a crime,especially since some advocates claim it may have therapeutic value in treating cancer or pain associated with cancer.This highlights which dimension of John Hagan's classification of deviance and crime?

Which of the following is NOT a feature of criminal subcultures?

Durkheim asserted that deviance pushes against the limits of our tolerance; therefore,some deviance encourages:

The labeling of certain behavior as deviant is ____.

The majority of individuals arrested in the United States in 2001 were:

The gender gap in arrests is as wide as ever.

A black person who murders a white person very rarely gets sentenced to death,but a white person who murders a black person is one of the most likely types of people to get the death penalty.

Rape involving strangers has been known as:

Relatively powerful groups can only rarely create norms and laws that suit their interests.

White-collar crime is underdetected,underprosecuted,and underconvicted because it is the crime of the powerful and the well-to-do.

When many people believed that their lives were in danger from rising levels of crime in the 1980s and 1990s,they were in the midst of:

The words "delinquent","criminal",and "loser",etc.that are attached to individuals are called:

Martin Luther King Jr.is today hailed by most Americans as a hero.This suggests how the social definition of ____ has changed over time.

Which of the following is a reason why the death penalty may not be a good deterrent to criminal behavior?

Today,the United States government spends eighteen times more on ____ than it did in 1980.

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According to Brym and Lie,definitions of crime are usually constructed so as to bestow advantages on the members of society and disadvantages on the .