Question 1

The _____ is a manipulated experimental factor and _____ is the outcome.

Accepted Answer

A)  dependent variable/ independent variable 
B)  independent variable/ dependent variable 
C)  confounding variable/ independent variable 
D)  dependent variable/ confounding variable 
A)  dependent variable/ independent variable 
B)  independent variable/ dependent variable 
C)  confounding variable/ independent variable 
D)  dependent variable/ confounding variable B

Question 2

Compare and contrast the three types of research methods (descriptive,correlational,experimental)used by psychologists.

Accepted Answer

Descriptive research methods involve discovering the basic dimensions of the variables being studied (for example,how often do teens play video games).Observations,interviews,surveys,and case studies are examples of descriptive research methods.Correlational research methods examine the relationships between variables (for example,is video game play associated with aggression?).Correlations inform researchers about the magnitude and direction of association between two variables.However,correlation is not causation.Experimental research methods are useful for establishing causal relationships between variables (for example,does video game play cause aggression?).In an experiment,a researcher manipulates the independent variable and examines the effect on the dependent variable.Participants are randomly assigned to either the control group or experimental group.In sum,these research methods correspond to the major goals of the science of psychology.Descriptive methods allow researchers to describe human behavior,correlational methods allow researchers to predict human behavior,and experimental studies allow researchers to explain human behavior.

Question 3

According to the text,what can you do to become a better consumer of psychology in everyday life?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stay up-to-date by reading about psychological research online and blogs available from all sources. 
B)  Avoid generalizing based on little information and look for consistent themes across several, as opposed to single, studies. 
C)  Only believe in psychological principles that have been derived on the basis of personal experience. 
D)  Draw causal conclusions from correlational studies. 
A)  Stay up-to-date by reading about psychological research online and blogs available from all sources. 
B)  Avoid generalizing based on little information and look for consistent themes across several, as opposed to single, studies. 
C)  Only believe in psychological principles that have been derived on the basis of personal experience. 
D)  Draw causal conclusions from correlational studies. B

Question 4

Demand characteristics can threaten the _____ of a study.

Accepted Answer

A)  meta-analysis 
B)  hypothesis 
C)  internal validity 
D)  external validity 
A)  meta-analysis 
B)  hypothesis 
C)  internal validity 
D)  external validity

Question 5

Describe the four issues that American Psychological Association (APA)guidelines address?

Accepted Answer

▪ Informed consent: All participants mus

Question 6

A(n)_____ is a broad idea or closely related set of ideas that attempts to explain observations and to make predictions about future observations.

Accepted Answer

A)  theory 
B)  hypothesis 
C)  operational definition 
D)  experimental bias 
A)  theory 
B)  hypothesis 
C)  operational definition 
D)  experimental bias

Question 7

Dr.Aoki used double-blind procedures in his experiments to reduce the potential for _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  poor operational definitions 
B)  experimenter bias and selection bias 
C)  participant bias and social desirability 
D)  experimenter bias and participant bias 
A)  poor operational definitions 
B)  experimenter bias and selection bias 
C)  participant bias and social desirability 
D)  experimenter bias and participant bias

Question 8

Deception in research is ethically allowed _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  under no circumstances 
B)  only when a double-blind study is used and all of the participants are over 18 
C)  in medical research only 
D)  if the anticipated benefits outweigh the anticipated costs and participants are debriefed 
A)  under no circumstances 
B)  only when a double-blind study is used and all of the participants are over 18 
C)  in medical research only 
D)  if the anticipated benefits outweigh the anticipated costs and participants are debriefed

Question 9

A case study _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  is an indepth look at a single individual 
B)  is useful for studying large populations 
C)  involves random assignment of participants 
D)  relies on the experimental method 
A)  is an indepth look at a single individual 
B)  is useful for studying large populations 
C)  involves random assignment of participants 
D)  relies on the experimental method

Question 10

Describe the third variable problem with a suitable example.

Accepted Answer

Sometimes some other variable that has n

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT an example of a descriptive research method?

Accepted Answer

A)  Surveys and interviews 
B)  Observations 
C)  Experiments 
D)  Case studies 
A)  Surveys and interviews 
B)  Observations 
C)  Experiments 
D)  Case studies

Question 12

_____ refers to the degree to which changes in the dependent variable are due to the manipulation of the independent variable.

Accepted Answer

A)  Internal validity 
B)  External validity 
C)  Face validity 
D)  Reliability 
A)  Internal validity 
B)  External validity 
C)  Face validity 
D)  Reliability

Question 13

Psychology began as a science in the discipline of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  philosophy 
B)  physics 
C)  chemistry 
D)  sociology 
A)  philosophy 
B)  physics 
C)  chemistry 
D)  sociology

Question 14

_____ is considered the "founding father" of modern psychology.

Accepted Answer

A)  William James 
B)  Wilhelm Wundt 
C)  Sigmund Freud 
D)  Charles Darwin 
A)  William James 
B)  Wilhelm Wundt 
C)  Sigmund Freud 
D)  Charles Darwin

Question 15

Which of the following statements about correlational research is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Correlational methods involve the study of naturally occurring relationships among two variables. 
B)  Correlational methods rely on observing and measuring. 
C)  Correlational methods are useful for establishing cause-and-effect relationships between two variables. 
D)  The degree of relationship between two variables is expressed as a numerical value called a correlational coefficient. 
A)  Correlational methods involve the study of naturally occurring relationships among two variables. 
B)  Correlational methods rely on observing and measuring. 
C)  Correlational methods are useful for establishing cause-and-effect relationships between two variables. 
D)  The degree of relationship between two variables is expressed as a numerical value called a correlational coefficient.

Question 16

The _____ approach emphasizes the scientific study of observable behavioral responses and their environmental determinants.

Accepted Answer

A)  humanistic 
B)  psychodynamic 
C)  evolutionary 
D)  behavioral 
A)  humanistic 
B)  psychodynamic 
C)  evolutionary 
D)  behavioral

Question 17

Professor Izadi is interested in the association between sleep and cognitive performance.He surveyed his students about the number of hours they slept the night before the exam and then correlated these scores with their test grades.He found a +.81 correlation between these two variables.What does this result mean?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is a high negative correlation between sleep and exam performance. 
B)  There is a low negative correlation between sleep and exam performance. 
C)  There is a high positive correlation between sleep and exam performance. 
D)  There is a low positive correlation between sleep and exam performance. 
A)  There is a high negative correlation between sleep and exam performance. 
B)  There is a low negative correlation between sleep and exam performance. 
C)  There is a high positive correlation between sleep and exam performance. 
D)  There is a low positive correlation between sleep and exam performance.

Question 18

Write a note on the cognitive approach to psychology.

Accepted Answer

According to cognitive psychologists,you

Question 19

Dr.Grant is conducting research on stress management.Group A received progressive relaxation training prior to test taking,while Group B received no training.Group A is the _____,while Group B is the _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  treatment group/placebo group 
B)  experimental group/control group 
C)  control group/treatment group 
D)  placebo group/control group 
A)  treatment group/placebo group 
B)  experimental group/control group 
C)  control group/treatment group 
D)  placebo group/control group

Question 20

A researcher is conducting an experiment to test the effects of violent video game play on aggression.Which of the following could be the dependent variable in this example?

Accepted Answer

A)  Frequency of violent video game play 
B)  Video game preferences 
C)  Scores on an aggressive behavior survey 
D)  The number of hours spent playing video games 
A)  Frequency of violent video game play 
B)  Video game preferences 
C)  Scores on an aggressive behavior survey 
D)  The number of hours spent playing video games

The _ is a manipulated experimental factor and _ is the outcome.

Compare and contrast the three types of research methods (descriptive,correlational,experimental)used by psychologists.

According to the text,what can you do to become a better consumer of psychology in everyday life?

Demand characteristics can threaten the _____ of a study.

Describe the four issues that American Psychological Association (APA)guidelines address?

A(n)_____ is a broad idea or closely related set of ideas that attempts to explain observations and to make predictions about future observations.

Dr.Aoki used double-blind procedures in his experiments to reduce the potential for _____.

Deception in research is ethically allowed _____.

A case study _____.

Describe the third variable problem with a suitable example.

Which of the following is NOT an example of a descriptive research method?

_____ refers to the degree to which changes in the dependent variable are due to the manipulation of the independent variable.

Psychology began as a science in the discipline of _____.

_____ is considered the "founding father" of modern psychology.

Which of the following statements about correlational research is false?

The _____ approach emphasizes the scientific study of observable behavioral responses and their environmental determinants.

Write a note on the cognitive approach to psychology.

Dr.Grant is conducting research on stress management.Group A received progressive relaxation training prior to test taking,while Group B received no training.Group A is the _,while Group B is the _.

A researcher is conducting an experiment to test the effects of violent video game play on aggression.Which of the following could be the dependent variable in this example?

The Brain and Behavior

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Thinking, intelligence, and Language

Human Development

Motivation

Personality

Social Psychology

Psychological Disorders

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Health Psychology

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Exam 1: The Science of Psychology

The _____ is a manipulated experimental factor and _____ is the outcome.

Compare and contrast the three types of research methods (descriptive,correlational,experimental)used by psychologists.

According to the text,what can you do to become a better consumer of psychology in everyday life?

Demand characteristics can threaten the _____ of a study.

Describe the four issues that American Psychological Association (APA)guidelines address?

A(n)_____ is a broad idea or closely related set of ideas that attempts to explain observations and to make predictions about future observations.

Dr.Aoki used double-blind procedures in his experiments to reduce the potential for _____.

Deception in research is ethically allowed _____.

A case study _____.

Describe the third variable problem with a suitable example.

Which of the following is NOT an example of a descriptive research method?

_____ refers to the degree to which changes in the dependent variable are due to the manipulation of the independent variable.

Psychology began as a science in the discipline of _____.

_____ is considered the "founding father" of modern psychology.

Which of the following statements about correlational research is false?

The _____ approach emphasizes the scientific study of observable behavioral responses and their environmental determinants.

Write a note on the cognitive approach to psychology.

Dr.Grant is conducting research on stress management.Group A received progressive relaxation training prior to test taking,while Group B received no training.Group A is the _____,while Group B is the _____.

A researcher is conducting an experiment to test the effects of violent video game play on aggression.Which of the following could be the dependent variable in this example?

The Brain and Behavior

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Thinking, intelligence, and Language

Human Development

Motivation

Personality

Social Psychology

Psychological Disorders

Therapies

Health Psychology

Filters

The _ is a manipulated experimental factor and _ is the outcome.

Dr.Grant is conducting research on stress management.Group A received progressive relaxation training prior to test taking,while Group B received no training.Group A is the _,while Group B is the _.