Question 1

If expected inflation is constant,then when the nominal interest rate falls,the real interest rate

Accepted Answer

A)  falls by more than the change in the nominal interest rate. 
B)  falls by the change in the nominal interest rate. 
C)  rises by the change in the nominal interest rate. 
D)  rises by more than the change in the nominal interest rate. 
A)  falls by more than the change in the nominal interest rate. 
B)  falls by the change in the nominal interest rate. 
C)  rises by the change in the nominal interest rate. 
D)  rises by more than the change in the nominal interest rate. B

Question 2

Suppose that businesses and consumers become much more optimistic about the future of the economy.To stabilize output,the Federal Reserve could

Accepted Answer

A)  buy bonds to raise interest rates. 
B)  buy bonds to lower interest rates. 
C)  sell bonds to raise interest rates. 
D)  sell bonds to lower interest rates. 
A)  buy bonds to raise interest rates. 
B)  buy bonds to lower interest rates. 
C)  sell bonds to raise interest rates. 
D)  sell bonds to lower interest rates. C

Question 3

According to liquidity preference theory,the opportunity cost of holding money is

Accepted Answer

A)  the interest rate on bonds. 
B)  the inflation rate. 
C)  the cost of converting bonds to a medium of exchange. 
D)  the difference between the inflation rate and the interest rate on bonds. 
A)  the interest rate on bonds. 
B)  the inflation rate. 
C)  the cost of converting bonds to a medium of exchange. 
D)  the difference between the inflation rate and the interest rate on bonds. A

Question 4

A decrease in government spending

Accepted Answer

A)  increases the interest rate and so investment spending increases. 
B)  increases the interest rate and so decreases investment spending decreases. 
C)  decreases the interest rate and so investment spending increases. 
D)  decreases the interest rate and so investment spending decreases. 
A)  increases the interest rate and so investment spending increases. 
B)  increases the interest rate and so decreases investment spending decreases. 
C)  decreases the interest rate and so investment spending increases. 
D)  decreases the interest rate and so investment spending decreases.

Question 5

Other things equal,in the short run a higher price level leads households to

Accepted Answer

A)  increase consumption and firms to buy more capital goods. 
B)  increase consumption and firms to buy fewer capital goods. 
C)  decrease consumption and firms to buy more capital goods. 
D)  decrease consumption and firms to buy fewer capital goods. 
A)  increase consumption and firms to buy more capital goods. 
B)  increase consumption and firms to buy fewer capital goods. 
C)  decrease consumption and firms to buy more capital goods. 
D)  decrease consumption and firms to buy fewer capital goods.

Question 6

An increase in the money supply decreases the interest rate in the short run.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The interest-rate effect is partially explained by the fact that a higher price level reduces money demand.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The Employment Act of 1946 states that

Accepted Answer

A)  the Fed should use monetary policy only to control the rate of inflation. 
B)  the government should promote full employment and production. 
C)  the government should periodically increase the minimum wage and unemployment insurance benefits. 
D)  All of the above are correct. 
A)  the Fed should use monetary policy only to control the rate of inflation. 
B)  the government should promote full employment and production. 
C)  the government should periodically increase the minimum wage and unemployment insurance benefits. 
D)  All of the above are correct.

Question 9

According to classical macroeconomic theory,

Accepted Answer

A)  the price level is sticky in the short run and it plays only a minor role in the short-run adjustment process. 
B)  for any given level of output,the interest rate adjusts to balance the supply of,and demand for,money. 
C)  output is determined by the supplies of capital and labor and the available production technology. 
D)  All of the above are correct. 
A)  the price level is sticky in the short run and it plays only a minor role in the short-run adjustment process. 
B)  for any given level of output,the interest rate adjusts to balance the supply of,and demand for,money. 
C)  output is determined by the supplies of capital and labor and the available production technology. 
D)  All of the above are correct.

Question 10

Other things the same,automatic stabilizers tend to

Accepted Answer

A)  raise expenditures during expansions and recessions. 
B)  lower expenditures during expansions and recessions. 
C)  raise expenditures during recessions and lower expenditures during expansions. 
D)  raise expenditures during expansions and lower expenditures during recessions. 
A)  raise expenditures during expansions and recessions. 
B)  lower expenditures during expansions and recessions. 
C)  raise expenditures during recessions and lower expenditures during expansions. 
D)  raise expenditures during expansions and lower expenditures during recessions.

Question 11

Keynes argued that aggregate demand is

Accepted Answer

A)  stable,because the economy tends to return to its long-run equilibrium quickly after any disturbance to aggregate demand. 
B)  stable,because changes in consumption are mostly offset by changes in investment and vice versa. 
C)  unstable,because waves of pessimism and optimism create fluctuations in aggregate demand. 
D)  unstable,because of long and variable policy lags that worsen economic fluctuations. 
A)  stable,because the economy tends to return to its long-run equilibrium quickly after any disturbance to aggregate demand. 
B)  stable,because changes in consumption are mostly offset by changes in investment and vice versa. 
C)  unstable,because waves of pessimism and optimism create fluctuations in aggregate demand. 
D)  unstable,because of long and variable policy lags that worsen economic fluctuations.

Question 12

Keynes used the term "animal spirits" to refer to

Accepted Answer

A)  policy makers harming the economy in the pursuit of self interest. 
B)  arbitrary changes in attitudes of household and firms. 
C)  mean-spirited economists who believed in the classical dichotomy. 
D)  firms' relentless efforts to maximize profits. 
A)  policy makers harming the economy in the pursuit of self interest. 
B)  arbitrary changes in attitudes of household and firms. 
C)  mean-spirited economists who believed in the classical dichotomy. 
D)  firms' relentless efforts to maximize profits.

Question 13

Figure 24-5.On the figure,MS represents money supply and MD represents money demand.  
-Refer to Figure 24-5.A shift of the money-demand curve from MD2 to MD1 is consistent with which of the following sets of events?

Accepted Answer

A)  The government cuts taxes,resulting in an increase in people's incomes. 
B)  The government reduces government spending,resulting in a decrease in people's incomes. 
C)  The Federal Reserve increases the supply of money,which decreases the interest rate. 
D)  All of the above are correct. 
A)  The government cuts taxes,resulting in an increase in people's incomes. 
B)  The government reduces government spending,resulting in a decrease in people's incomes. 
C)  The Federal Reserve increases the supply of money,which decreases the interest rate. 
D)  All of the above are correct.

Question 14

Assume the MPC is 0.625.Assuming only the multiplier effect matters,a decrease in government purchases of $10 billion will shift the aggregate demand curve to the

Accepted Answer

A)  left by about $13.3 billion. 
B)  left by about $26.7 billion. 
C)  right by about $36.7 billion. 
D)  None of the above is correct. 
A)  left by about $13.3 billion. 
B)  left by about $26.7 billion. 
C)  right by about $36.7 billion. 
D)  None of the above is correct.

Question 15

Which of the following would not be an expected response from a decrease in the price level and so help to explain the slope of the aggregate-demand curve?

Accepted Answer

A)  When interest rates fall,In-and-Out Convenience Stores decides to build some new stores. 
B)  The exchange rate falls,so French restaurants in Paris buy more Kansas beef. 
C)  Tyler feels wealthier because of the price-level decrease and so he decides to remodel his kitchen. 
D)  With prices down and wages fixed by contract,Fargo Concrete Company decides to lay off workers. 
A)  When interest rates fall,In-and-Out Convenience Stores decides to build some new stores. 
B)  The exchange rate falls,so French restaurants in Paris buy more Kansas beef. 
C)  Tyler feels wealthier because of the price-level decrease and so he decides to remodel his kitchen. 
D)  With prices down and wages fixed by contract,Fargo Concrete Company decides to lay off workers.

Question 16

If the MPC is 2/3 then the multiplier is

Accepted Answer

A)  3/2,so a $100 increase in government spending increases aggregate demand by $150. 
B)  3/2,so a $100 increase in government spending increases aggregate supply by $150. 
C)  3,so a $100 increase in government spending increases aggregate demand by $300. 
D)  3,so a $100 increase in government spending increases aggregate supply by $300. 
A)  3/2,so a $100 increase in government spending increases aggregate demand by $150. 
B)  3/2,so a $100 increase in government spending increases aggregate supply by $150. 
C)  3,so a $100 increase in government spending increases aggregate demand by $300. 
D)  3,so a $100 increase in government spending increases aggregate supply by $300.

Question 17

During the economic downturn of 2008-2009,the Federal Reserve

Accepted Answer

A)  used open-market operations to purchase mortgages and corporate debt,just as it frequently does even when the economy is functioning normally. 
B)  took the unusual step of using open-market operations to purchase mortgages and corporate debt. 
C)  explicitly set its target rate of inflation at zero. 
D)  explicitly set its target rate of inflation well above zero. 
A)  used open-market operations to purchase mortgages and corporate debt,just as it frequently does even when the economy is functioning normally. 
B)  took the unusual step of using open-market operations to purchase mortgages and corporate debt. 
C)  explicitly set its target rate of inflation at zero. 
D)  explicitly set its target rate of inflation well above zero.

Question 18

Scenario 24-2.The following facts apply to a small,imaginary economy.
• Consumption spending is $5,200 when income is $8,000.
• Consumption spending is $5,536 when income is $8,400.
-Refer to Scenario 24-2.In response to which of the following events could aggregate demand increase by $1,500?

Accepted Answer

A)  A stock-market boom stimulates consumer spending by $300,and there is an operative crowding-out effect. 
B)  A stock-market boom stimulates consumer spending by $225,and there is an operative crowding-out effect. 
C)  An economic boom overseas increases the demand for U.S.net exports by $300,and there is no crowding-out effect. 
D)  An economic boom overseas increases the demand for U.S.net exports by $225,and there is no crowding-out effect. 
A)  A stock-market boom stimulates consumer spending by $300,and there is an operative crowding-out effect. 
B)  A stock-market boom stimulates consumer spending by $225,and there is an operative crowding-out effect. 
C)  An economic boom overseas increases the demand for U.S.net exports by $300,and there is no crowding-out effect. 
D)  An economic boom overseas increases the demand for U.S.net exports by $225,and there is no crowding-out effect.

Question 19

If a $1,000 increase in income leads to a $750 increase in consumption expenditures,then the marginal propensity to consume is

Accepted Answer

A)  0.75 and the multiplier is 1 1/3. 
B)  0.75 and the multiplier is 4. 
C)  0.25 and the multiplier is 1 1/3. 
D)  0.25 and the multiplier is 4. 
A)  0.75 and the multiplier is 1 1/3. 
B)  0.75 and the multiplier is 4. 
C)  0.25 and the multiplier is 1 1/3. 
D)  0.25 and the multiplier is 4.

Question 20

Both monetary policy and fiscal policy affect aggregate demand.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 24: The Influence of Monetary and Fiscal Policy on Aggregate Demand

If expected inflation is constant,then when the nominal interest rate falls,the real interest rate

Suppose that businesses and consumers become much more optimistic about the future of the economy.To stabilize output,the Federal Reserve could

According to liquidity preference theory,the opportunity cost of holding money is

A decrease in government spending

Other things equal,in the short run a higher price level leads households to

An increase in the money supply decreases the interest rate in the short run.

The interest-rate effect is partially explained by the fact that a higher price level reduces money demand.

The Employment Act of 1946 states that

According to classical macroeconomic theory,

Other things the same,automatic stabilizers tend to

Keynes argued that aggregate demand is

Keynes used the term "animal spirits" to refer to

Figure 24-5.On the figure,MS represents money supply and MD represents money demand. -Refer to Figure 24-5.A shift of the money-demand curve from MD2 to MD1 is consistent with which of the following sets of events?

Assume the MPC is 0.625.Assuming only the multiplier effect matters,a decrease in government purchases of $10 billion will shift the aggregate demand curve to the

Which of the following would not be an expected response from a decrease in the price level and so help to explain the slope of the aggregate-demand curve?

If the MPC is 2/3 then the multiplier is

During the economic downturn of 2008-2009,the Federal Reserve

Scenario 24-2.The following facts apply to a small,imaginary economy. • Consumption spending is $5,200 when income is $8,000. • Consumption spending is $5,536 when income is $8,400. -Refer to Scenario 24-2.In response to which of the following events could aggregate demand increase by $1,500?

If a $1,000 increase in income leads to a $750 increase in consumption expenditures,then the marginal propensity to consume is

Both monetary policy and fiscal policy affect aggregate demand.

Ten Principles of Economics

Thinking Like an Economist

Interdependence and the Gains From Trade

The Market Forces of Supply and Demand

Elasticity and Its Application

Supply,demand,and Government Policies

Consumers, producers, and the Efficiency of Markets

Application: the Costs of Taxation

Application: International Trade

Externalities

Public Goods and Common Resources

The Costs of Production

Firms in Competitive Markets

Monopoly

Measuring a Nations Income

Measuring the Cost of Living

Production and Growth

Saving,investment,and the Financial System

The Basic Tools of Finance

Unemployment

The Monetary System

Money Growth and Inflation

Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply

Filters

Figure 24-5.On the figure,MS represents money supply and MD represents money demand. -Refer to Figure 24-5.A shift of the money-demand curve from MD₂ to MD₁ is consistent with which of the following sets of events?