Question 1

A one-tailed statistical test is used when

Accepted Answer

A)  the data are from a ratio scale. 
B)  the data are from an ordinal scale. 
C)  there is a specific prediction regarding the direction of difference between groups. 
D)  there is no prediction regarding the direction of difference between groups. 
A)  the data are from a ratio scale. 
B)  the data are from an ordinal scale. 
C)  there is a specific prediction regarding the direction of difference between groups. 
D)  there is no prediction regarding the direction of difference between groups. C

Question 2

With three independent variables and a single dependent variable,the most appropriate statistical test to analyze the data would be a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  chi-square. 
B)  analysis of variance . 
C)  t-test 
D)  Pearson correlation. 
A)  chi-square. 
B)  analysis of variance . 
C)  t-test 
D)  Pearson correlation. B

Question 3

Rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true is called a ________ error,whereas not rejecting a false null hypothesis is called a ________ error.

Accepted Answer

A)  Type II;Type I 
B)  Type I;Type II 
C)  minor;major 
D)  significant;nonsignificant 
A)  Type II;Type I 
B)  Type I;Type II 
C)  minor;major 
D)  significant;nonsignificant B

Question 4

The t-test and F-test are used for which type of data?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nominal 
B)  Ordinal 
C)  Interval 
D)  Ratio 
A)  Nominal 
B)  Ordinal 
C)  Interval 
D)  Ratio

Question 5

Inferential statistics allow us to arrive at conclusions about the _____ on the basis of _____ data.

Accepted Answer

A)  population;sample 
B)  sample;population 
C)  independent variable;dependent variable 
D)  dependent variable;independent variable 
A)  population;sample 
B)  sample;population 
C)  independent variable;dependent variable 
D)  dependent variable;independent variable

Question 6

A researcher was interested in differences in attitudes about marriage between men and women.She predicted that women would have different attitudes about marriage than men.What would be the null hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Women have more positive attitudes than men. 
B)  Men have more positive attitudes than women. 
C)  There is no difference between men and women in their attitudes toward marriage. 
D)  Gender and attitude are not related. 
A)  Women have more positive attitudes than men. 
B)  Men have more positive attitudes than women. 
C)  There is no difference between men and women in their attitudes toward marriage. 
D)  Gender and attitude are not related.

Question 7

Brandon found no significant difference in amount of money spent on entertainment between students who live on versus off campus.Based on this finding,Brandon would

Accepted Answer

A)  fail to reject the null. 
B)  reject the null. 
C)  accept a Type I error. 
D)  reject a Type I error. 
A)  fail to reject the null. 
B)  reject the null. 
C)  accept a Type I error. 
D)  reject a Type I error.

Question 8

Before conducting inferential statistics,Tim selects the probability level required for statistical significance.This level is referred to as the _____ of the test.

Accepted Answer

A)  null hypothesis 
B)  research hypothesis 
C)  intuitive level 
D)  alpha level 
A)  null hypothesis 
B)  research hypothesis 
C)  intuitive level 
D)  alpha level

Question 9

All statistical techniques rely on _____ to determine the probability that the results are consistent with the null hypothesis.

Accepted Answer

A)  Type I error 
B)  Type II error 
C)  sampling distributions 
D)  statistical significance 
A)  Type I error 
B)  Type II error 
C)  sampling distributions 
D)  statistical significance

Question 10

A researcher wants to test the research hypothesis that the mean rating of guilt will be higher for unattractive defendants than for attractive defendants.The appropriate statistical test would be the

Accepted Answer

A)  Pearson r. 
B)  2-tailed t-test. 
C)  1 tailed t-test. 
D)  chi-square. 
A)  Pearson r. 
B)  2-tailed t-test. 
C)  1 tailed t-test. 
D)  chi-square.

Question 11

Juan wants to test the hypothesis that the mean amount of sales dollars will vary between Oak Ridge,Oak Wood,and Oak Park shopping malls.The appropriate statistical test would be the

Accepted Answer

A)  Mann-Whitney U. 
B)  t-test. 
C)  F-test. 
D)  Pearson r. 
A)  Mann-Whitney U. 
B)  t-test. 
C)  F-test. 
D)  Pearson r.

Question 12

How do you calculate the systematic variance?

Accepted Answer

A)  Find the deviation of the individual scores from the group mean. 
B)  Find the deviation of the group means from the grand mean. 
C)  Find the deviation of error variance from the group mean. 
D)  Find the deviation of error variance from the grand mean. 
A)  Find the deviation of the individual scores from the group mean. 
B)  Find the deviation of the group means from the grand mean. 
C)  Find the deviation of error variance from the group mean. 
D)  Find the deviation of error variance from the grand mean.

Question 13

_____ is a type of correlation coefficient that indicates the _____ the effect of the independent variable.

Accepted Answer

A)  T ;difference in 
B)  T ;magnitude of 
C)  Effect size r;difference in 
D)  Effect size r;magnitude of 
A)  T ;difference in 
B)  T ;magnitude of 
C)  Effect size r;difference in 
D)  Effect size r;magnitude of

Question 14

When a researcher _____ the probability of making a Type I error,she _____ the probability of making a Type II error.

Accepted Answer

A)  increases;increases 
B)  decreases;increases 
C)  decreases;decreases 
D)  decreases;does not affect 
A)  increases;increases 
B)  decreases;increases 
C)  decreases;decreases 
D)  decreases;does not affect

Question 15

A Type I error is a decision to

Accepted Answer

A)  reject the null hypothesis when it is false. 
B)  reject the null hypothesis when it is true. 
C)  not reject the null hypothesis when it is true. 
D)  not reject the null hypothesis when it is false. 
A)  reject the null hypothesis when it is false. 
B)  reject the null hypothesis when it is true. 
C)  not reject the null hypothesis when it is true. 
D)  not reject the null hypothesis when it is false.

Question 16

A researcher assesses the length of prison sentence assigned to a physically attractive or unattractive defendant.The researcher believes that attractive defendants will be assigned shorter prison sentences than unattractive defendants.The research hypothesis would be

Accepted Answer

A)  there is no difference in the length of prison sentence received by attractive versus unattractive defendants. 
B)  physically attractive defendants will receive longer prison sentences than physically unattractive defendants. 
C)  physically attractive defendants will receive shorter prison sentences than physically unattractive defendants. 
D)  some other variable such as gender is responsible for difference in assigned length of prison sentence. 
A)  there is no difference in the length of prison sentence received by attractive versus unattractive defendants. 
B)  physically attractive defendants will receive longer prison sentences than physically unattractive defendants. 
C)  physically attractive defendants will receive shorter prison sentences than physically unattractive defendants. 
D)  some other variable such as gender is responsible for difference in assigned length of prison sentence.

Question 17

What is the difference between descriptive and inferential statistics? Descriptive statistics ______,while inferential statistics ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  use ratio data;use nominal data 
B)  use nominal data;use ratio data 
C)  summarize data;determine the probability that results are due to chance 
D)  determine the probability that results are due to chance;summarize data 
A)  use ratio data;use nominal data 
B)  use nominal data;use ratio data 
C)  summarize data;determine the probability that results are due to chance 
D)  determine the probability that results are due to chance;summarize data

Question 18

If Jack proposes that "there is a difference in hiring preferences between veterans and non-veterans," this represents the _____ hypothesis.If he proposes that "there is no difference in hiring preferences between veterans and non-veterans," this represents the _____ hypothesis.

Accepted Answer

A)  null;research 
B)  research;null 
C)  inferential;descriptive 
D)  descriptive;inferential 
A)  null;research 
B)  research;null 
C)  inferential;descriptive 
D)  descriptive;inferential

Question 19

The likelihood of the occurrence of some event or outcome is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  the null hypothesis. 
B)  the research hypothesis. 
C)  the significant hypothesis. 
D)  probability. 
A)  the null hypothesis. 
B)  the research hypothesis. 
C)  the significant hypothesis. 
D)  probability.

Question 20

Sandra has developed a program designed to increase reading comprehension scores in 6th graders.She randomly selects three students and has them participate in her program.When she compares the mean score from the students who completed her program to three students who did not participate in the program,she finds no significant difference between their mean scores.What is most likely the reason for the non-significant finding?

Accepted Answer

A)  Too strong of a manipulation 
B)  The use of 6th grade children 
C)  A small sample size 
D)  A true research hypothesis 
A)  Too strong of a manipulation 
B)  The use of 6th grade children 
C)  A small sample size 
D)  A true research hypothesis

A one-tailed statistical test is used when

With three independent variables and a single dependent variable,the most appropriate statistical test to analyze the data would be a(n)

Rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true is called a error,whereas not rejecting a false null hypothesis is called a error.

The t-test and F-test are used for which type of data?

Inferential statistics allow us to arrive at conclusions about the _ on the basis of _ data.

A researcher was interested in differences in attitudes about marriage between men and women.She predicted that women would have different attitudes about marriage than men.What would be the null hypothesis?

Brandon found no significant difference in amount of money spent on entertainment between students who live on versus off campus.Based on this finding,Brandon would

Before conducting inferential statistics,Tim selects the probability level required for statistical significance.This level is referred to as the _____ of the test.

All statistical techniques rely on _____ to determine the probability that the results are consistent with the null hypothesis.

A researcher wants to test the research hypothesis that the mean rating of guilt will be higher for unattractive defendants than for attractive defendants.The appropriate statistical test would be the

Juan wants to test the hypothesis that the mean amount of sales dollars will vary between Oak Ridge,Oak Wood,and Oak Park shopping malls.The appropriate statistical test would be the

How do you calculate the systematic variance?

_ is a type of correlation coefficient that indicates the _ the effect of the independent variable.

When a researcher _ the probability of making a Type I error,she _ the probability of making a Type II error.

A Type I error is a decision to

A researcher assesses the length of prison sentence assigned to a physically attractive or unattractive defendant.The researcher believes that attractive defendants will be assigned shorter prison sentences than unattractive defendants.The research hypothesis would be

What is the difference between descriptive and inferential statistics? Descriptive statistics ,while inferential statistics .

If Jack proposes that "there is a difference in hiring preferences between veterans and non-veterans," this represents the _ hypothesis.If he proposes that "there is no difference in hiring preferences between veterans and non-veterans," this represents the _ hypothesis.

The likelihood of the occurrence of some event or outcome is referred to as

Scientific Understanding of Behaviour

Where to Start

Ethical Research

Research Design Fundamentals

Measurement Concepts

Observational Methods

Asking People About Themselves: Survey Research

Experimental Design

Conducting Studies

Complex Experimental Designs

Research Designs for Special Circumstances

Understanding Research Results: Describ-Ingvariables and Relationships Among Them

Generalizing Results

Filters

Exam 13: Understanding Research Results: Statistical-Inference Basics

A one-tailed statistical test is used when

With three independent variables and a single dependent variable,the most appropriate statistical test to analyze the data would be a(n)

Rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true is called a ________ error,whereas not rejecting a false null hypothesis is called a ________ error.

The t-test and F-test are used for which type of data?

Inferential statistics allow us to arrive at conclusions about the _____ on the basis of _____ data.

A researcher was interested in differences in attitudes about marriage between men and women.She predicted that women would have different attitudes about marriage than men.What would be the null hypothesis?

Brandon found no significant difference in amount of money spent on entertainment between students who live on versus off campus.Based on this finding,Brandon would

Before conducting inferential statistics,Tim selects the probability level required for statistical significance.This level is referred to as the _____ of the test.

All statistical techniques rely on _____ to determine the probability that the results are consistent with the null hypothesis.

A researcher wants to test the research hypothesis that the mean rating of guilt will be higher for unattractive defendants than for attractive defendants.The appropriate statistical test would be the

Juan wants to test the hypothesis that the mean amount of sales dollars will vary between Oak Ridge,Oak Wood,and Oak Park shopping malls.The appropriate statistical test would be the

How do you calculate the systematic variance?

_____ is a type of correlation coefficient that indicates the _____ the effect of the independent variable.

When a researcher _____ the probability of making a Type I error,she _____ the probability of making a Type II error.

A Type I error is a decision to

A researcher assesses the length of prison sentence assigned to a physically attractive or unattractive defendant.The researcher believes that attractive defendants will be assigned shorter prison sentences than unattractive defendants.The research hypothesis would be

What is the difference between descriptive and inferential statistics? Descriptive statistics ______,while inferential statistics ______.

If Jack proposes that "there is a difference in hiring preferences between veterans and non-veterans," this represents the _____ hypothesis.If he proposes that "there is no difference in hiring preferences between veterans and non-veterans," this represents the _____ hypothesis.

The likelihood of the occurrence of some event or outcome is referred to as

Scientific Understanding of Behaviour

Where to Start

Ethical Research

Research Design Fundamentals

Measurement Concepts

Observational Methods

Asking People About Themselves: Survey Research

Experimental Design

Conducting Studies

Complex Experimental Designs

Research Designs for Special Circumstances

Understanding Research Results: Describ-Ingvariables and Relationships Among Them

Generalizing Results

Filters

Rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true is called a error,whereas not rejecting a false null hypothesis is called a error.

Inferential statistics allow us to arrive at conclusions about the _ on the basis of _ data.

_ is a type of correlation coefficient that indicates the _ the effect of the independent variable.

When a researcher _ the probability of making a Type I error,she _ the probability of making a Type II error.

What is the difference between descriptive and inferential statistics? Descriptive statistics ,while inferential statistics .

If Jack proposes that "there is a difference in hiring preferences between veterans and non-veterans," this represents the _ hypothesis.If he proposes that "there is no difference in hiring preferences between veterans and non-veterans," this represents the _ hypothesis.