Exam 11: An Urban World
Population density in U.S.central cities is
C
In general,which of these units has the largest area?
B
Compare and contrast the concentric zone,sector,and multiple nuclei models of urban structure
The concentric zone, sector, and multiple nuclei models are three different theories that attempt to explain the structure and organization of urban areas. Each model offers a unique perspective on how cities develop and grow, and they each have their own strengths and weaknesses.
The concentric zone model, developed by sociologist Ernest Burgess in 1925, suggests that cities grow outward from a central business district in a series of concentric rings. The innermost ring is typically the oldest and most densely populated, while the outer rings are characterized by lower population density and more affluent residents. This model is based on the idea that cities develop in a predictable pattern, with different zones serving different functions.
The sector model, proposed by economist Homer Hoyt in 1939, takes a different approach to understanding urban structure. According to this model, cities develop along transportation routes and other key infrastructure, leading to the formation of distinct sectors or wedges within the city. Each sector is characterized by different land uses and socioeconomic characteristics, with higher-income residents typically located in certain sectors and lower-income residents in others.
The multiple nuclei model, developed by Chauncy Harris and Edward Ullman in 1945, suggests that cities are not organized around a single central business district, but rather around multiple specialized centers or nuclei. These nuclei may develop independently and serve different functions, such as industrial, residential, or commercial. This model acknowledges the complexity and diversity of urban areas, and it emphasizes the importance of multiple centers of activity within a city.
In comparing these three models, it is clear that each offers a different perspective on urban structure. The concentric zone model emphasizes the outward growth of cities from a central point, while the sector model focuses on the influence of transportation routes and infrastructure. The multiple nuclei model, on the other hand, highlights the presence of multiple specialized centers within a city.
Despite their differences, all three models have been influential in shaping our understanding of urban development. They have helped urban planners and policymakers to better understand the dynamics of cities and to make informed decisions about land use, transportation, and other key aspects of urban life. While no single model can fully capture the complexity of urban areas, each of these models offers valuable insights into the ways in which cities are organized and how they evolve over time.
In the competitive bidding for land,which type of use usually obtains the most accessible sites?
Which of the following U.S.cities has no zoning regulations?
According to the economic basic model,all jobs are equal when it comes to fostering growth of the city.
Compare and contrast general city form in two of the following regions: North America,Western Europe,Eastern Europe,Latin America,Asia,and Africa.
As a city increases in size,service worker numbers increase more rapidly than do basic workers.
The rank-size rule tells us that the fourth largest urban area in a region will be _______________ the size of the largest urban area.
Models of urban structure are universal and can be applied to cities in diverse world regions.
Although suburbanization has resulted in residential dispersion,the central city has remained the employment focus of the suburban population.
Large nodes of industrial,office,and retail activities at the margins of urban areas in the U.S.are called edge cities.
Both the concentric zone and sector models assume cities grow and develop outward from a single core.
Briefly summarize the recurring pattern of land use arrangements and population densities within the industrial cities developed during the mass-transit era.Discuss the factors that led to the creation of that pattern.
The multiplier effect predicts the new land use requirements resulting from growth in urban population.
The three largest cities in the world in 2007,listed in order,were
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