Question 1

James identified ____ as a ratio of things attempted to things achieved.

Accepted Answer

A) the empirical self 
B) the self as knower 
C) the stream of consciousness 
D) self-esteem 
A) the empirical self 
B) the self as knower 
C) the stream of consciousness 
D) self-esteem D

Question 2

Above all,Cattell believed that psychology should:

Accepted Answer

A) concentrate on pure research 
B) merge with biology 
C) furnish practical knowledge 
D) follow the model of structuralism and ignore evolutionary theory 
A) concentrate on pure research 
B) merge with biology 
C) furnish practical knowledge 
D) follow the model of structuralism and ignore evolutionary theory C

Question 3

Which psychologist's research was instrumental in the 1954 court decision on school desegregation?

Accepted Answer

A) G.Stanley Hall 
B) Francis Sumner 
C) John Dewey 
D) Kenneth Clark 
A) G.Stanley Hall 
B) Francis Sumner 
C) John Dewey 
D) Kenneth Clark D

Question 4

James admitted that his concept of ____ was similar to the older concepts of "soul" or "spirit".

Accepted Answer

A) self as knower 
B) spiritual self 
C) material self 
D) social self 
A) self as knower 
B) spiritual self 
C) material self 
D) social self

Question 5

James' stream of consciousness concept opposed those searching for elements of consciousness.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Psychology in the early U.S.was described by Sahakian as consisting of four stages.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

According to James,a person could increase his or her self-esteem by:

Accepted Answer

A) succeeding more 
B) attempting less 
C) not attempting to do anything 
D) both succeeding more and attempting less 
A) succeeding more 
B) attempting less 
C) not attempting to do anything 
D) both succeeding more and attempting less

Question 8

Pragmatism of James was the belief that if an idea works,it is valid.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

According to James,all of the following were components of the empirical self except:

Accepted Answer

A) self as a knower 
B) material self 
C) social self 
D) spiritual self 
A) self as a knower 
B) material self 
C) social self 
D) spiritual self

Question 10

In his writing on forensic psychology,Münsterberg did all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A) he indicated that eyewitnesses testimony was often unreliable 
B) he argued against the harsh interrogation of those thought to be guilty of a crime 
C) he proposed that suggestion and stress do not affect perception 
D) he described a device that would later become the lie detector 
A) he indicated that eyewitnesses testimony was often unreliable 
B) he argued against the harsh interrogation of those thought to be guilty of a crime 
C) he proposed that suggestion and stress do not affect perception 
D) he described a device that would later become the lie detector

Question 11

Sahakian marks the beginning of the school of functionalism with the publication of:

Accepted Answer

A) Dewey's article "The Reflex Arc in Psychology" 
B) James' book The Principles of Psychology 
C) Stewart's book Elements of the Philosophy of the Human Mind 
D) the first issue of the American Journal of Psychology 
A) Dewey's article "The Reflex Arc in Psychology" 
B) James' book The Principles of Psychology 
C) Stewart's book Elements of the Philosophy of the Human Mind 
D) the first issue of the American Journal of Psychology

Question 12

According to James,the most important thing about consciousness was that it was:

Accepted Answer

A) personal 
B) continuous 
C) selective 
D) functional 
A) personal 
B) continuous 
C) selective 
D) functional

Question 13

Robert Woodworth was interested in motivation and called his brand of psychology,dynamic psychology.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which of the following is not one of the themes that describe functionalist ideas?

Accepted Answer

A) understand the function of the mind 
B) wanted psychology to be a practical applied science 
C) were opposed to study of animals and children 
D) more interested in what made people different rather than their similarities 
A) understand the function of the mind 
B) wanted psychology to be a practical applied science 
C) were opposed to study of animals and children 
D) more interested in what made people different rather than their similarities

Question 15

Pragmatism maintains that beliefs,thoughts,and behaviors must be judged according to their:

Accepted Answer

A) logical consistency 
B) consequences 
C) moral implications 
D) compatibility with societal and cultural norms 
A) logical consistency 
B) consequences 
C) moral implications 
D) compatibility with societal and cultural norms

Question 16

Thorndike's law of exercise stated that:

Accepted Answer

A) no pain,no gain 
B) the strength of an association is based on how often the association is practiced 
C) the mind could not be healthy if the body was not healthy 
D) all mammals learned according to the same principles 
A) no pain,no gain 
B) the strength of an association is based on how often the association is practiced 
C) the mind could not be healthy if the body was not healthy 
D) all mammals learned according to the same principles

Question 17

Thorndike's ____ stated that reinforcement strengthened behavior,whereas punishment weakened it.

Accepted Answer

A) original law of exercise 
B) revised law of exercise 
C) original law of effect 
D) revised law of effect 
A) original law of exercise 
B) revised law of exercise 
C) original law of effect 
D) revised law of effect

Question 18

Which of the following is correctly associated with Calkins?

Accepted Answer

A) she was the first woman president of the American Psychological Association 
B) she was the first woman president of the American Philosophical Association 
C) she made significant contributions to self-psychology 
D) all of these choices 
A) she was the first woman president of the American Psychological Association 
B) she was the first woman president of the American Philosophical Association 
C) she made significant contributions to self-psychology 
D) all of these choices

Question 19

According to Thorndike,schools should teach:

Accepted Answer

A) as little as possible 
B) the most difficult topics possible 
C) only those students who wish to learn 
D) skills that will be useful to students when they leave school 
A) as little as possible 
B) the most difficult topics possible 
C) only those students who wish to learn 
D) skills that will be useful to students when they leave school

Question 20

For James,by controlling one's thoughts,one:

Accepted Answer

A) controls one's behavior 
B) controls one's emotions 
C) places oneself in certain situations 
D) loses control of behavior 
A) controls one's behavior 
B) controls one's emotions 
C) places oneself in certain situations 
D) loses control of behavior

Exam 11: Functionalism

James identified ____ as a ratio of things attempted to things achieved.

Above all,Cattell believed that psychology should:

Which psychologist's research was instrumental in the 1954 court decision on school desegregation?

James admitted that his concept of ____ was similar to the older concepts of "soul" or "spirit".

James' stream of consciousness concept opposed those searching for elements of consciousness.

Psychology in the early U.S.was described by Sahakian as consisting of four stages.

According to James,a person could increase his or her self-esteem by:

Pragmatism of James was the belief that if an idea works,it is valid.

According to James,all of the following were components of the empirical self except:

In his writing on forensic psychology,Münsterberg did all of the following except:

Sahakian marks the beginning of the school of functionalism with the publication of:

According to James,the most important thing about consciousness was that it was:

Robert Woodworth was interested in motivation and called his brand of psychology,dynamic psychology.

Which of the following is not one of the themes that describe functionalist ideas?

Pragmatism maintains that beliefs,thoughts,and behaviors must be judged according to their:

Thorndike's law of exercise stated that:

Thorndike's ____ stated that reinforcement strengthened behavior,whereas punishment weakened it.

Which of the following is correctly associated with Calkins?

According to Thorndike,schools should teach:

For James,by controlling one's thoughts,one:

Introduction

The Early Greek Philosophers

After Aristotle: A Search for the Good Life

The Beginnings of Modern Science and Philosophy

Empiricism,Sensationalism,and Positivism

Rationalism

Romanticism and Existentialism

Early Developments in Physiology and the Rise of Experimental Psychology

Voluntarism,Structuralism,and Other Early Approaches to Psychology

The Darwinian Influence

Behaviorism

Neobehaviorism

Gesalt Psychology

Early Diagnosis, Explanation, and Treatment of Mental Illness

Psychoanalysis

Early Alternatives to Psychoanalysis

Humanistic Third-Forcepsychology

Psychobiology

Cognitive Psychology

Contemporary Psychology

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