Question 1

Injuries to the cervical spine are among the most serious in sport. Discuss the anatomical reasons that these injuries are so serious.

Accepted Answer

spine protects integrity of spinal cord, cervical spine smallest and weakest part

Question 2

Which of the following would be most likely to strengthen all of the abdominal muscles?

Accepted Answer

A)  a curl up with a twist 
B)  straight leg lifts 
C)  straight leg situps 
D)  the abdomenizer 
A)  a curl up with a twist 
B)  straight leg lifts 
C)  straight leg situps 
D)  the abdomenizer A

Question 3

What determines the nature of the motion between two adjacent vertebrae?

Accepted Answer

A)  the angulation of the articular facets 
B)  the ligamentous support 
C)  muscular support 
D)  the size of the vertebral body 
A)  the angulation of the articular facets 
B)  the ligamentous support 
C)  muscular support 
D)  the size of the vertebral body A

Question 4

How is inhalation primarily accomplished?

Accepted Answer

A)  enlargement of the thorax in the vertical diameter 
B)  enlargement of the thorax in the anteroposterior diameter 
C)  enlargement of the thorax in the transverse diameter 
D)  enlargement of the thorax in all three diameters 
A)  enlargement of the thorax in the vertical diameter 
B)  enlargement of the thorax in the anteroposterior diameter 
C)  enlargement of the thorax in the transverse diameter 
D)  enlargement of the thorax in all three diameters

Question 5

Which movement of the pelvis accompanies flexion of the vertebral column?

Accepted Answer

A)  backward tilt 
B)  forward tilt 
C)  lateral tilt 
D)  rotation 
A)  backward tilt 
B)  forward tilt 
C)  lateral tilt 
D)  rotation

Question 6

In which region of the spine is the least amount of rotation permitted?

Accepted Answer

A)  cervical 
B)  head-cervical 
C)  lumbar 
D)  thoracic 
A)  cervical 
B)  head-cervical 
C)  lumbar 
D)  thoracic

Question 7

Which of the following accompanies rotation of the vertebral column?

Accepted Answer

A)  flexion 
B)  hyperextension 
C)  lateral flexion to same side 
D)  lateral flexion to opposite side 
A)  flexion 
B)  hyperextension 
C)  lateral flexion to same side 
D)  lateral flexion to opposite side

Question 8

Which type of joint he atlanto-occipital joint?

Accepted Answer

A)  condyloid 
B)  pivot 
C)  hinge 
D)  ball & socket 
A)  condyloid 
B)  pivot 
C)  hinge 
D)  ball & socket

Question 9

Which muscle is working and how to control the neck rotation to the left when receiving a blow to the right side of the jaw in boxing?

Accepted Answer

A)  left sternocleidomastoid-eccentric 
B)  left sternocleidomastoid-concentric 
C)  right sternocleidomastoid-eccentric 
D)  right sternocleidomastoid-concentric 
A)  left sternocleidomastoid-eccentric 
B)  left sternocleidomastoid-concentric 
C)  right sternocleidomastoid-eccentric 
D)  right sternocleidomastoid-concentric

Question 10

In which regions of the vertebral column are flexion and extension most free?

Accepted Answer

A)  cervical & thoracic 
B)  cervical & lumbar 
C)  thoracic & lumbar 
D)  all of the above 
A)  cervical & thoracic 
B)  cervical & lumbar 
C)  thoracic & lumbar 
D)  all of the above

Question 11

Describe the structure of the intervertebral disc and discuss its function as part of the vertebral column.

Accepted Answer

nucleus pulposa surr

Question 12

Which of the following is not a primary muscle of respiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  diaphragm 
B)  abdominals 
C)  intercostales 
D)  levatores costorum
Short Answer Questions 
A)  diaphragm 
B)  abdominals 
C)  intercostales 
D)  levatores costorum
Short Answer Questions

Question 13

In the exercise of slow leg raising and lowering in a supine lying position, what is the function of the abdominal muscles during the lowering phase and what type of contraction is involved?

Accepted Answer

A)  controlling extension of legs--eccentric contraction 
B)  stabilizing the pelvis--static contraction 
C)  tilting the pelvis backward--concentric contraction 
D)  tilting the pelvis forward--concentric contraction 
A)  controlling extension of legs--eccentric contraction 
B)  stabilizing the pelvis--static contraction 
C)  tilting the pelvis backward--concentric contraction 
D)  tilting the pelvis forward--concentric contraction

Question 14

Which of the following conditions is produced by an exaggerated lumbar curve?

Accepted Answer

A)  kyphosis 
B)  scoliosis 
C)  lordosis 
D)  forward head 
A)  kyphosis 
B)  scoliosis 
C)  lordosis 
D)  forward head

Question 15

Explain, anatomically, the differences in mobility in the three mobile regions of the vertebral column.

Accepted Answer

mobility based on structure-ce

Question 16

The anterior muscles of the trunk are more active as flexors when the body is supine rather than in a standing position. Why is this so in most cases?
 What could one do to increase activity in these muscles in the standing position?

Accepted Answer

gravity prime flexor

Question 17

Describe the changes which occur in the vertebral column from birth through maturity.

Accepted Answer

developmen

Question 18

Which of the following muscles will contract to produce the trunk rotation to the left that is necessary for a right hand throw?
1) right external oblique
2) left external oblique
3) right internal oblique
4) left internal oblique

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 3 
B)  1, 4 
C)  2, 3 
D)  2, 4 
A)  1, 3 
B)  1, 4 
C)  2, 3 
D)  2, 4

Question 19

Which is the "prime mover" in head/neck flexion in an erect position?

Accepted Answer

A)  sub occipitals 
B)  gravity 
C)  levator scapulae 
D)  scalenes 
A)  sub occipitals 
B)  gravity 
C)  levator scapulae 
D)  scalenes

Question 20

Which of the following is not true of the vertebral column?

Accepted Answer

A)  acts to protect internal organs 
B)  acts as link between upper and lower extremities 
C)  acts as freely moveable link system 
D)  acts as motion segment for the trunk 
A)  acts to protect internal organs 
B)  acts as link between upper and lower extremities 
C)  acts as freely moveable link system 
D)  acts as motion segment for the trunk

Exam 9: The Spinal Column and Thorax

Injuries to the cervical spine are among the most serious in sport. Discuss the anatomical reasons that these injuries are so serious.

Which of the following would be most likely to strengthen all of the abdominal muscles?

What determines the nature of the motion between two adjacent vertebrae?

How is inhalation primarily accomplished?

Which movement of the pelvis accompanies flexion of the vertebral column?

In which region of the spine is the least amount of rotation permitted?

Which of the following accompanies rotation of the vertebral column?

Which type of joint he atlanto-occipital joint?

Which muscle is working and how to control the neck rotation to the left when receiving a blow to the right side of the jaw in boxing?

In which regions of the vertebral column are flexion and extension most free?

Describe the structure of the intervertebral disc and discuss its function as part of the vertebral column.

Which of the following is not a primary muscle of respiration?

In the exercise of slow leg raising and lowering in a supine lying position, what is the function of the abdominal muscles during the lowering phase and what type of contraction is involved?

Which of the following conditions is produced by an exaggerated lumbar curve?

Explain, anatomically, the differences in mobility in the three mobile regions of the vertebral column.

The anterior muscles of the trunk are more active as flexors when the body is supine rather than in a standing position. Why is this so in most cases? What could one do to increase activity in these muscles in the standing position?

Describe the changes which occur in the vertebral column from birth through maturity.

Which of the following muscles will contract to produce the trunk rotation to the left that is necessary for a right hand throw? 1) right external oblique 2) left external oblique 3) right internal oblique 4) left internal oblique

Which is the "prime mover" in head/neck flexion in an erect position?

Which of the following is not true of the vertebral column?

Introduction to the Study of Kinesiology

The Musculoskeletal System: The Skeletal Framework and Its Movements

The Musculoskeletal System: The Musculature

The Neuromuscular Basis of Human Motion

The Upper Extremity: The Shoulder Region

The Upper Extremity: The Elbow, Forearm, Wrist, and Hand

The Lower Extremity: The Hip Region

The Lower Extremity: The Knee, Ankle, and Foot

Terminology and Measurement in Biomechanics

The Description of Human Motion

The Conditions of Linear Motion

The Conditions of Rotary Motion

The Center of Gravity and Stability

Kinesiology of Fitness and Exercise

Moving Objects: Pushing and Pulling

Moving Objects: Throwing, Striking, and Kicking

Locomotion: Solid Surface

Locomotion: The Aquatic Environment

Locomotion: When Suspended and Free of Support

Impact

Instrumentation for Motion Analysis

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