Exam 2: Biological Beginnings

Sheila is pregnant and has a family history of spina bifida.Which test would be used to determine whether her fetus has this defect?

A widely used method to assess the health of newborns at 1 and 5 minutes after birth.It is used to evaluate such things as the infants' heart rate,body color,and reflex irritability.

A chromosomal abnormality that is characterized by an extra copy of chromosome 21.A person with this disorder typically has a round face,a flattened skull,an extra fold of skin over the eyelids,a protruding tongue,short limbs,and retardation of motor and mental abilities.

The outermost layer of the embryo,which becomes the nervous system,sensory receptors,and skin,is called the

Manuel was adopted at birth.His adoptive parents notice that Manuel cries all the time.His body often shakes,and he reacts slowly to the things around him.They suspect that Manuel's mother was using _______ when pregnant with him.

The prenatal period of development that takes place in the first 2 weeks after conception.It includes the creation of the zygote,cell division,and the attachment of the zygote to the uterine wall.

The second stage of childbirth begins with the _______ and ends with the _______.

The observable characteristics of an individual's genetic makeup.

This is a prenatal medical procedure where a sample of amniotic fluid is withdrawn by syringe and tested for chromosome or metabolic disorders.

With what sex-linked syndrome does a man have an extra X chromosome?

List four genetic disorders associated with sex-chromosome abnormalities.

River has a round face,a flattened skull,an extra fold of skin over her eyelids,a protruding tongue,short limbs,and retardation of motor and mental abilities.She is likely to have been born with

A delivery in which the baby is removed from the mother's uterus through an incision (made by the doctor)in her abdomen.

The process by which the uterus returns to its prepregnant size 5 to 6 weeks after birth.

List at least four potential negative outcomes associated with low birth weight in babies.

A teratogen is any agent that can cause

List the three life-support systems that develop during the embryonic period for babies.

Mariah had a new baby last month.Mariah cries and worries a lot,is depressed,and has trouble coping with her daily activities.Given what researchers know about the postpartum period,Mariah:

A kind of drug used late in the first stage of labor and during expulsion of the baby to block consciousness or to block sensation in part of the mother's body.An epidural block is one example.

The process by which the uterus returns to its prepregnant size 5 to 6 weeks after birth is known as