Question 1

The type of reproductive isolation in which the two populations are separated due to their habitat is:

Accepted Answer

A) Mechanical isolation 
B) Ecological isolation 
C) Hybrid inviability 
D) Behavioral isolation 
E) Temporal isolation 
A) Mechanical isolation 
B) Ecological isolation 
C) Hybrid inviability 
D) Behavioral isolation 
E) Temporal isolation

Question 2

Birds use specific songs,coloring,and mating dances to attract mates of their species.This is an example of ____ reproductive isolation.

Accepted Answer

A) postzygotic 
B) allopatric 
C) prezygotic 
D) sympatric 
E) parapatric 
A) postzygotic 
B) allopatric 
C) prezygotic 
D) sympatric 
E) parapatric

Question 3

If a sheep and goat are mated,their offspring dies as an embryo.This is an example of ____ reproductive isolation.

Accepted Answer

A) prezygotic 
B) allopatric 
C) sympatric 
D) postzygotic 
E) parapatric 
A) prezygotic 
B) allopatric 
C) sympatric 
D) postzygotic 
E) parapatric

Question 4

Islands provide ideal opportunities to study speciation because:

Accepted Answer

A) Organisms cannot easily immigrate and emigrate 
B) Natural selection occurs more rapidly 
C) They are very large with diverse populations 
D) The organisms have little competition and do not change 
E) All are correct 
A) Organisms cannot easily immigrate and emigrate 
B) Natural selection occurs more rapidly 
C) They are very large with diverse populations 
D) The organisms have little competition and do not change 
E) All are correct

Question 5

Bumblebees pollinate M.lewisii,whereas hummingbirds prefer the red-flowered M.cardinalis.If,by chance,a hummingbird carries M.cardinalis pollen to M.lewisii,the resulting hybrid offspring are viable.M.lewisii and M.cardinalis are different species due to:

Accepted Answer

A) Post-zygotic barriers to reproduction 
B) Pre-zygotic barriers to reproduction 
C) Independent assortment 
D) Gradualism 
E) Adaptive radiation 
A) Post-zygotic barriers to reproduction 
B) Pre-zygotic barriers to reproduction 
C) Independent assortment 
D) Gradualism 
E) Adaptive radiation

Question 6

figure 13.20  
-Based on figure 13.20 shown,birds are most closely related to:

Accepted Answer

A) Crocodiles 
B) Snakes 
C) Mammals 
D) Dinosaurs 
E) Amphibians 
A) Crocodiles 
B) Snakes 
C) Mammals 
D) Dinosaurs 
E) Amphibians

Question 7

The observation that fresh water habitats account for only 1% of the Earth's water,they are home to 36% of the know species of fish is due to ____ speciation.

Accepted Answer

A) prezygotic 
B) postzygotic 
C) allopatric 
D) sympatric 
E) parapatric 
A) prezygotic 
B) postzygotic 
C) allopatric 
D) sympatric 
E) parapatric

Question 8

Among evolutionary biologists the idea of sympatric speciation is controversial.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Formation of a tetraploid plant from two different diploid parental species of plants is an example of ____ speciation.

Accepted Answer

A) allopatric 
B) prezygotic 
C) postzygotic 
D) sympatric 
E) parapatric 
A) allopatric 
B) prezygotic 
C) postzygotic 
D) sympatric 
E) parapatric

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of macroevolution?

Accepted Answer

A) The origin of horses and donkeys from a common ancestor 
B) Giraffes with longer necks reaching higher tree branches 
C) Antibiotic resistance in S. aureus 
D) Female cardinals preferring males with bright red feathers 
E) The beaks of cactus finches changing in size in response to a drought on the Galápagos islands 
A) The origin of horses and donkeys from a common ancestor 
B) Giraffes with longer necks reaching higher tree branches 
C) Antibiotic resistance in S. aureus 
D) Female cardinals preferring males with bright red feathers 
E) The beaks of cactus finches changing in size in response to a drought on the Galápagos islands

Question 11

Phylogenies are:

Accepted Answer

A) Evolutionary trees that depict species' relationships based on descent from shared ancestors 
B) Family trees that follow parents and offspring of a species 
C) Charts that show the presence or absence of disease in families 
D) Evolutionary trees 
E) Depict species' relationships based on descent from shared ancestors 
A) Evolutionary trees that depict species' relationships based on descent from shared ancestors 
B) Family trees that follow parents and offspring of a species 
C) Charts that show the presence or absence of disease in families 
D) Evolutionary trees 
E) Depict species' relationships based on descent from shared ancestors

Question 12

Species such as mice have a better chance of surviving sudden environmental change than elephants because:

Accepted Answer

A) Elephants reproduce much more slowly than mice 
B) Elephants require larger habitats than mice 
C) Elephants eat more than mice 
D) Elephants live longer than mice 
E) Elephants have a more selective diet than mice 
A) Elephants reproduce much more slowly than mice 
B) Elephants require larger habitats than mice 
C) Elephants eat more than mice 
D) Elephants live longer than mice 
E) Elephants have a more selective diet than mice

Question 13

Two species of finches found on the same Galápagos island,but feeding on different food sources is an example of ____ speciation.

Accepted Answer

A) allopatric 
B) sympatric 
C) prezygotic 
D) postzygotic 
E) parapatric 
A) allopatric 
B) sympatric 
C) prezygotic 
D) postzygotic 
E) parapatric

Question 14

The process by which new species originate:

Accepted Answer

A) Is germination 
B) Is extinction 
C) Occurred only once in Earth's history 
D) Is speciation 
E) Occurred for millions of years but is no longer occurring 
A) Is germination 
B) Is extinction 
C) Occurred only once in Earth's history 
D) Is speciation 
E) Occurred for millions of years but is no longer occurring

Question 15

Island species are especially vulnerable to extinction because:

Accepted Answer

A) A single event like a hurricane may destroy a small island population 
B) The extinction of a prey species may destroy a small island population 
C) The introduction of a new predator may destroy a small island population 
D) Random fluctuations in birth and death rates may destroy the small population of an island 
E) All are correct 
A) A single event like a hurricane may destroy a small island population 
B) The extinction of a prey species may destroy a small island population 
C) The introduction of a new predator may destroy a small island population 
D) Random fluctuations in birth and death rates may destroy the small population of an island 
E) All are correct

Question 16

It is believed that the two main reasons for mass extinctions in Earth's history have been:

Accepted Answer

A) Impact of Earth with a large celestial body and human intervention 
B) Global warming and human intervention 
C) Human intervention and shifting of Earth's continents 
D) Global warming and shifting of Earth's continents 
E) Impact of Earth with a large celestial body and shifting of Earth's continents 
A) Impact of Earth with a large celestial body and human intervention 
B) Global warming and human intervention 
C) Human intervention and shifting of Earth's continents 
D) Global warming and shifting of Earth's continents 
E) Impact of Earth with a large celestial body and shifting of Earth's continents

Question 17

A discontinued line in an evolutionary tree indicates:

Accepted Answer

A) Extinction 
B) Gradualism 
C) Punctuated equilibrium 
D) Convergent evolution 
E) Temporal isolation 
A) Extinction 
B) Gradualism 
C) Punctuated equilibrium 
D) Convergent evolution 
E) Temporal isolation

Question 18

Conservation biologists are often concerned that when the population size of an endangered species becomes too small it is at risk of extinction for which reason?

Accepted Answer

A) They can no longer evolve 
B) Their rate of breeding will decline 
C) They may be more susceptible to changes in the environment or disease 
D) They are at risk of sympatric isolation 
E) They are at risk of developing prezygotic barriers to reproduction 
A) They can no longer evolve 
B) Their rate of breeding will decline 
C) They may be more susceptible to changes in the environment or disease 
D) They are at risk of sympatric isolation 
E) They are at risk of developing prezygotic barriers to reproduction

Question 19

Hawthorn maggot flies that breed on native hawthorns or introduced European apples can mate in the lab,but rarely mate in the wild.This is an example of ____ reproductive isolation.

Accepted Answer

A) postzygotic 
B) prezygotic 
C) allopatric 
D) sympatric 
E) parapatric 
A) postzygotic 
B) prezygotic 
C) allopatric 
D) sympatric 
E) parapatric

Question 20

The rate of background extinctions is calculated to be:

Accepted Answer

A) 0.1 to 1.0 species per year per million species 
B) 0.001 to 0.01 species per year per million species 
C) 1.0 to 10 species per year per million species 
D) 10 to 100 species per year per million species 
E) None of the above are correct 
A) 0.1 to 1.0 species per year per million species 
B) 0.001 to 0.01 species per year per million species 
C) 1.0 to 10 species per year per million species 
D) 10 to 100 species per year per million species 
E) None of the above are correct

Exam 13: Speciation and Extinction

The type of reproductive isolation in which the two populations are separated due to their habitat is:

Birds use specific songs,coloring,and mating dances to attract mates of their species.This is an example of ____ reproductive isolation.

If a sheep and goat are mated,their offspring dies as an embryo.This is an example of ____ reproductive isolation.

Islands provide ideal opportunities to study speciation because:

Bumblebees pollinate M.lewisii,whereas hummingbirds prefer the red-flowered M.cardinalis.If,by chance,a hummingbird carries M.cardinalis pollen to M.lewisii,the resulting hybrid offspring are viable.M.lewisii and M.cardinalis are different species due to:

figure 13.20 -Based on figure 13.20 shown,birds are most closely related to:

The observation that fresh water habitats account for only 1% of the Earth's water,they are home to 36% of the know species of fish is due to ____ speciation.

Among evolutionary biologists the idea of sympatric speciation is controversial.

Formation of a tetraploid plant from two different diploid parental species of plants is an example of ____ speciation.

Which of the following is an example of macroevolution?

Phylogenies are:

Species such as mice have a better chance of surviving sudden environmental change than elephants because:

Two species of finches found on the same Galápagos island,but feeding on different food sources is an example of ____ speciation.

The process by which new species originate:

Island species are especially vulnerable to extinction because:

It is believed that the two main reasons for mass extinctions in Earth's history have been:

A discontinued line in an evolutionary tree indicates:

Conservation biologists are often concerned that when the population size of an endangered species becomes too small it is at risk of extinction for which reason?

Hawthorn maggot flies that breed on native hawthorns or introduced European apples can mate in the lab,but rarely mate in the wild.This is an example of ____ reproductive isolation.

The rate of background extinctions is calculated to be:

What Is Life

The Chemistry of Life

The Dynamic Cell

The Energy of Life

Photosynthesis

How Cells Release Energy

Dna Structure and Gene Function

Dna Replication, mitosis and the Cell Cycle

Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis

Patterns of Inheritance

The Forces of Evolutionary Change

Evidence for Evolution

The Origin and History of Life

Viruses

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plants

Fungi

Animals

Plant Form and Function

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Reproduction and Development of Flowering Plants

Animal Tissues, organ Systems and Homeostasis

The Nervous System

The Senses Content

The Endocrine System

The Musculoskeletal System

The Circulatory System

The Respiratory System

Digestion and Animal Nutrition

Regulation of Temperature and Body Fluids

The Immune System

Animal Reproduction and Development

Animal Behavior

Populations

Communities and Ecosystems

The Biosphere

Conserving Biodiversity

Filters