Exam 6: Cognitive Developmental Approaches

Four-year-old Tom learns to lift his stuffed cat up by the tail.After one painful attempt,Tom realizes that you cannot use this behaviour on a live cat.In Piagetian terms,Tom's new knowledge involves

All of the following processes except ________________ are stressed by Piaget as being essential to cognitive development.

Concrete operational thought is to formal operational thought as

Describe the "principle of persistence" and give an example of this assumption.

Who proposed the zone of proximal development?

_________________________ showed us some important things to look for in cognitive development,such as the shift from preoperational to concrete operational thinking.

Each of the children is trying to solve a complex story problem.For whom would solving the problem best be classified as being at the upper limit of his zone of proximal development?

______________________ is Piaget's formal operational concept that adolescents have the cognitive ability to develop hypotheses,or best guesses,about ways to solve problems,such as an algebraic equation.

As 4-month-old Nina's father picks her up,Nina begins to make sucking noises even though there is no breast or bottle present.From a Piagetian perspective,this is best explained as

Describe the differences between egocentrism and animism and provide an example of each.

Courtney can count and knows that if she has an apple in each hand,she has two apples.If,however,you ask her to think about having an apple in each hand and then tell you how many apples she has,she cannot solve the problem.Courtney

__________________________ is a method used by researchers in which infants see an event happen as it normally would.Then the event is changed in a way that violates what the infant expects to see.When infants look longer at the event that violates their expectations it indicates they are surprised by it.

Young Gino spends his days fantasizing about being the president of the United States,a sports hero,and a rock star.With which stage of Piagetian development is such idealized thinking often equated?

Frank is thoroughly confused when his father refers to his Aunt Susan as his sister Sue because according to Frank's logic,a person cannot be both a sister and an aunt.Piaget would refer to Frank's confusion as involving

Two sticks are aligned in front of the child.The child agrees that they are the same length.The experimenter moves one stick to the right,then asks the child if they are equal in length.This is a task for conservation of

For Piaget,children construct knowledge by transforming,organizing,and reorganizing previous knowledge.However,Vygotsky sees it differently.How does he believe children construct knowledge?

The inability to distinguish between one's own perspective and someone else's perspective is called

Which of the following illustrates the Piagetian concept of horizontal décalage?

Adolescence corresponds with what Piagetian stage of development?

What is Piaget's first stage of cognitive development?