Question 1

In human intestinal cells,what specialized feature increases the surface-area-to-volume ratio and allows increased absorption of materials?

Accepted Answer

A) very few organelles inside cells 
B) larger cell size 
C) many cilia 
D) many flagella 
E) surface folds called microvilli 
A) very few organelles inside cells 
B) larger cell size 
C) many cilia 
D) many flagella 
E) surface folds called microvilli

Question 2

Generally,as a cell increases in size,how does the ratio of surface area to volume change?

Accepted Answer

A) the volume stays the same but the surface area increases 
B) the volume and surface area increase in equal amounts 
C) the surface area stays the same but the volume increases 
D) the volume increases more than the surface area 
E) the surface area increases more than the volume 
A) the volume stays the same but the surface area increases 
B) the volume and surface area increase in equal amounts 
C) the surface area stays the same but the volume increases 
D) the volume increases more than the surface area 
E) the surface area increases more than the volume

Question 3

Where would the highest concentration of ribosomes be found inside the cell?

Accepted Answer

A) cytoskeleton 
B) nuclear envelope 
C) smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
D) rough endoplasmic reticulum 
E) mitochondria 
A) cytoskeleton 
B) nuclear envelope 
C) smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
D) rough endoplasmic reticulum 
E) mitochondria

Question 4

Which cell organelle which is responsible for processing,packaging,and the secretion of proteins?

Accepted Answer

A) Golgi apparatus 
B) nucleus 
C) lysosomes 
D) smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
E) rough endoplasmic reticulum 
A) Golgi apparatus 
B) nucleus 
C) lysosomes 
D) smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
E) rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 5

What is the primary function of the central vacuole?

Accepted Answer

A) to store DNA 
B) to break down engulfed macromolecules and bacteria 
C) to store nutrients and waste products 
D) to produce proteins 
E) to produce ATP 
A) to store DNA 
B) to break down engulfed macromolecules and bacteria 
C) to store nutrients and waste products 
D) to produce proteins 
E) to produce ATP

Question 6

Figure:  
-What is the function of the cell structure marked "a." on the animal cell diagram?

Accepted Answer

A) to provide structural support and shape 
B) to make energy molecules 
C) to break down old organelles 
D) to carry genetic information 
E) to produce and modify new proteins 
A) to provide structural support and shape 
B) to make energy molecules 
C) to break down old organelles 
D) to carry genetic information 
E) to produce and modify new proteins

Question 7

What is the cell structure marked "c." on the animal cell diagram?

Accepted Answer

A) smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
B) rough endoplasmic reticulum 
C) Golgi apparatus 
D) nucleus 
E) mitochondria 
A) smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
B) rough endoplasmic reticulum 
C) Golgi apparatus 
D) nucleus 
E) mitochondria

Question 8

-What is the function of the cell structure marked "a." on the plant cell diagram?

Accepted Answer

A) to convert light energy into chemical molecules 
B) to provide structural support and cell shape 
C) to produce new proteins 
D) to store water and wastes 
E) to carry genetic information 
A) to convert light energy into chemical molecules 
B) to provide structural support and cell shape 
C) to produce new proteins 
D) to store water and wastes 
E) to carry genetic information

Question 9

Since cyanide directly poisons mitochondria,what cell process does cyanide specifically harm?

Accepted Answer

A) production of ATP molecules 
B) secretion of proteins to outside 
C) creation of new cells 
D) production of new cell proteins 
E) transport of carbohydrates 
A) production of ATP molecules 
B) secretion of proteins to outside 
C) creation of new cells 
D) production of new cell proteins 
E) transport of carbohydrates

Question 10

-What is the cell structure marked "a." on the plant cell diagram?

Accepted Answer

A) cytoplasm 
B) nucleus 
C) mitochondria 
D) central vacuole 
E) chloroplast 
A) cytoplasm 
B) nucleus 
C) mitochondria 
D) central vacuole 
E) chloroplast

Question 11

What is the function of transport vesicles inside a cell?

Accepted Answer

A) move proteins between the SER and the RER 
B) move proteins between the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus 
C) move proteins between the endoplasmic reticulum and the cell membrane 
D) move proteins between the nucleus and the endoplasmic reticulum 
E) move proteins between the nucleus and the Golgi apparatus 
A) move proteins between the SER and the RER 
B) move proteins between the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus 
C) move proteins between the endoplasmic reticulum and the cell membrane 
D) move proteins between the nucleus and the endoplasmic reticulum 
E) move proteins between the nucleus and the Golgi apparatus

Question 12

You observe a cell that has lysosomes and a nucleus,but no chloroplasts.Based on these observations,you conclude that the cell is most likely of what kind?

Accepted Answer

A) bacterial cell 
B) archaean cell 
C) animal cell 
D) plant cell 
E) prokaryotic cell 
A) bacterial cell 
B) archaean cell 
C) animal cell 
D) plant cell 
E) prokaryotic cell

Question 13

Why are the cristae important in the inner membrane of mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

A) allow sunlight to penetrate easily and quicken photosynthesis 
B) promote the concentration of chlorophyll molecules in one area 
C) allow direct diffusion of glucose into the inside of the mitochondria 
D) collect water molecules needed for metabolism 
E) provide larger surface area for ATP synthesis 
A) allow sunlight to penetrate easily and quicken photosynthesis 
B) promote the concentration of chlorophyll molecules in one area 
C) allow direct diffusion of glucose into the inside of the mitochondria 
D) collect water molecules needed for metabolism 
E) provide larger surface area for ATP synthesis

Question 14

Which structure would be found in large numbers inside cells that are producing lots of proteins?

Accepted Answer

A) centrioles 
B) lysosomes 
C) ribosomes 
D) mitochondria 
E) cytoskeletal fibers 
A) centrioles 
B) lysosomes 
C) ribosomes 
D) mitochondria 
E) cytoskeletal fibers

Question 15

How would cancer drugs,which disrupt microtubules in dividing cells,disturb a normal animal cell?

Accepted Answer

A) stop enzyme production 
B) affect the shape of the cell 
C) affect water storage 
D) affect destruction of unwanted bacteria 
E) stop ATP synthesis 
A) stop enzyme production 
B) affect the shape of the cell 
C) affect water storage 
D) affect destruction of unwanted bacteria 
E) stop ATP synthesis

Question 16

Which of the following can be used to contrast chloroplasts and mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

A) whether the organelle contains its own DNA 
B) whether the organelle converts solar energy into cellular energy 
C) whether the organelle is found in plant cells 
D) whether the organelle has multiple membranes 
E) whether the organelle has a large internal surface area 
A) whether the organelle contains its own DNA 
B) whether the organelle converts solar energy into cellular energy 
C) whether the organelle is found in plant cells 
D) whether the organelle has multiple membranes 
E) whether the organelle has a large internal surface area

Question 17

-What is the cell structure marked "e." on the plant cell diagram?

Accepted Answer

A) chloroplast 
B) smooth ER 
C) Golgi 
D) mitochondria 
E) central vacuole 
A) chloroplast 
B) smooth ER 
C) Golgi 
D) mitochondria 
E) central vacuole

Question 18

Which cellular activity can be well studied using pulse-label experiments?

Accepted Answer

A) breakdown of worn-out cell parts 
B) cell division 
C) cell movement 
D) rebuilding of the cytoskeleton 
E) secretion 
A) breakdown of worn-out cell parts 
B) cell division 
C) cell movement 
D) rebuilding of the cytoskeleton 
E) secretion

Question 19

Which labelled cell structure would most likely contain digestive enzymes that are needed to break down engulfed debris?

Accepted Answer

A) labelled a 
B) labelled b 
C) labelled c 
D) labelled d 
E) labelled e 
A) labelled a 
B) labelled b 
C) labelled c 
D) labelled d 
E) labelled e

Question 20

Which of the following would be an addition to cell theory?

Accepted Answer

A) the cell is the basic unit of life 
B) all living things are made of cells 
C) new cells arise only from preexisting cells 
D) anything smaller than a cell is not alive 
E) only eukaryotes are made of cells 
A) the cell is the basic unit of life 
B) all living things are made of cells 
C) new cells arise only from preexisting cells 
D) anything smaller than a cell is not alive 
E) only eukaryotes are made of cells

Exam 4: Structure and Function of Cells

In human intestinal cells,what specialized feature increases the surface-area-to-volume ratio and allows increased absorption of materials?

Generally,as a cell increases in size,how does the ratio of surface area to volume change?

Where would the highest concentration of ribosomes be found inside the cell?

Which cell organelle which is responsible for processing,packaging,and the secretion of proteins?

What is the primary function of the central vacuole?

Figure: -What is the function of the cell structure marked "a." on the animal cell diagram?

What is the cell structure marked "c." on the animal cell diagram?

-What is the function of the cell structure marked "a." on the plant cell diagram?

Since cyanide directly poisons mitochondria,what cell process does cyanide specifically harm?

-What is the cell structure marked "a." on the plant cell diagram?

What is the function of transport vesicles inside a cell?

You observe a cell that has lysosomes and a nucleus,but no chloroplasts.Based on these observations,you conclude that the cell is most likely of what kind?

Why are the cristae important in the inner membrane of mitochondria?

Which structure would be found in large numbers inside cells that are producing lots of proteins?

How would cancer drugs,which disrupt microtubules in dividing cells,disturb a normal animal cell?

Which of the following can be used to contrast chloroplasts and mitochondria?

-What is the cell structure marked "e." on the plant cell diagram?

Which cellular activity can be well studied using pulse-label experiments?

Which labelled cell structure would most likely contain digestive enzymes that are needed to break down engulfed debris?

Which of the following would be an addition to cell theory?

Biology, the Study of Life

Basic Chemistry of Cells

Organic Molecules of Cells

Dynamic Activities of Cells

Pathways of Photosynthesis

Pathways of Cellular Respiration

Cellular Reproduction

Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Genetic Inheritance

Molecular Biology of Inheritance

Regulation of Gene Activity

Biotechnology and Genomics

Evidence of Evolution

Speciation and Evolution

The Evolutionary History of Life on Earth

Evolution of Microbial Life

Evolution of Protists

Evolution of Plants and Fungi

Evolution of Animals

Evolution of Humans

Plant Organization and Homeostasis

Transport and Nutrition in Plants

Control of Growth Responses in Plants

Reproduction in Plants

Animal Organization and Homeostasis

Coordination by Neural Signaling

Sense Organs

Locomotion and Support Systems

Circulation and Cardiovascular Systems

Lymph Transport and Immunity

Digestive Systems and Nutrition

Gas Exchange and Transport in Animals

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Coordination by Hormone Signaling

Reproduction and Development

Population Ecology

Behavioral Ecology

Community and Ecosystem Ecology

Major Ecosystems of the Biosphere

Conservation Biology

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