Question 1

Which of the following is most likely to follow an irruptive (boom and crash)growth curve?

Accepted Answer

A) elephants 
B) humans 
C) hippopotami 
D) moose 
E) insects 
A) elephants 
B) humans 
C) hippopotami 
D) moose 
E) insects E

Question 2

When two species have overlapping niches and one species is excluded by the other, it is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) a fundamental niche. 
B) competitive inclusion. 
C) a realized habitat. 
D) intraspecific competition. 
E) competitive exclusion. 
A) a fundamental niche. 
B) competitive inclusion. 
C) a realized habitat. 
D) intraspecific competition. 
E) competitive exclusion. E

Question 3

Define niche. Based on your definition, describe the niche of the yellowtail flounder.

Accepted Answer

The niche is the job (role) the organism have in its environment. For example the niche of the yellowtail flounder is that of a bottom-feeding carnivore. However, the best answers will also mention that a niche includes all aspects of the organism that has to do with its role or job. For example, predators that feed on the yellowtail founder, range on the bottom of the ocean where it is found, type of cover it uses to protect itself from predators, where it reproduces, etc., are all part of this complex concept called a niche.

Question 4

Several species of mice occupy the same meadow. One species remains near the stream; one is found almost exclusively among the dense undergrowth; and a third species is mainly seen in the open parts of the meadow. Since these three species of mice can coexist, they are probably demonstrating

Accepted Answer

A) competitive exclusion. 
B) competitive inclusion. 
C) symbiosis. 
D) resource partitioning. 
E) habitat division. 
A) competitive exclusion. 
B) competitive inclusion. 
C) symbiosis. 
D) resource partitioning. 
E) habitat division.

Question 5

Match between columns
                        Premises: growth often followed by a crash in the population
takes into consideration the carrying capacity
seen in populations with no density-dependent death factors
exponential growth
reflect the biotic potential of the organism

Accepted Answer

The Answer of S-shaped curves and J-shaped curves is...

Question 6

When a population reaches its carrying capacity,

Accepted Answer

A) more individuals will die than are born. 
B) a large number of individual organisms will leave the population. 
C) no more deaths or births can take place. 
D) there is usually one or more factors limiting increased population growth. 
E) new sources of nutrition must be found or the population will crash. 
A) more individuals will die than are born. 
B) a large number of individual organisms will leave the population. 
C) no more deaths or births can take place. 
D) there is usually one or more factors limiting increased population growth. 
E) new sources of nutrition must be found or the population will crash.

Question 7

Zero population growth refers to

Accepted Answer

A) a point at which the number of individuals entering the population is equal to the number exiting. 
B) when the population size reaches zero. 
C) when more individuals exit the population than enter. 
D) the point at which the population size just starts to decrease. 
E) a rapid increase in the population size. 
A) a point at which the number of individuals entering the population is equal to the number exiting. 
B) when the population size reaches zero. 
C) when more individuals exit the population than enter. 
D) the point at which the population size just starts to decrease. 
E) a rapid increase in the population size.

Question 8

In the history of human population growth, the earliest stage is referred to as the

Accepted Answer

A) agricultural phase. 
B) technological phase. 
C) hunting and gathering phase. 
D) industrial phase. 
E) prehistoric phase. 
A) agricultural phase. 
B) technological phase. 
C) hunting and gathering phase. 
D) industrial phase. 
E) prehistoric phase.

Question 9

The Human Population growth curve illustrates that

Accepted Answer

A) humans have reached their carrying capacity. 
B) humans have exceeded their carrying capacity. 
C) humans are experiencing exponential growth. 
D) human population will crash. 
E) humans do not have a carrying capacity. 
A) humans have reached their carrying capacity. 
B) humans have exceeded their carrying capacity. 
C) humans are experiencing exponential growth. 
D) human population will crash. 
E) humans do not have a carrying capacity.

Question 10

The number of offspring an individual organism could have under optimal conditions is called the

Accepted Answer

A) biotic potential. 
B) fertility rate. 
C) life expectancy. 
D) carrying capacity. 
E) fecundity. 
A) biotic potential. 
B) fertility rate. 
C) life expectancy. 
D) carrying capacity. 
E) fecundity.

Question 11

Timber wolf populations are partially controlled by wolf behavior. For example, wolves form packs and are territorial. Therefore, only a finite number of wolves will comprise a pack and occupy a relatively large territory. Which of the following best describes this type of population-regulating mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A) competitive exclusion mechanism 
B) niche-controlling mechanism 
C) habitat-controlling mechanism 
D) extrinsic mechanism 
E) intrinsic mechanism 
A) competitive exclusion mechanism 
B) niche-controlling mechanism 
C) habitat-controlling mechanism 
D) extrinsic mechanism 
E) intrinsic mechanism

Question 12

Briefly describe the coevolution of predators and prey. Does this concept apply to parasites and hosts?

Accepted Answer

Predators are constantly, via natural se

Question 13

If you were to include all of your college campus, the buildings, the parking lots, the walkways, the green areas, the students, the staff, the various other living organisms living there, you would be describing a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) ecosystem. 
B) population. 
C) biosphere. 
D) community. 
E) sere. 
A) ecosystem. 
B) population. 
C) biosphere. 
D) community. 
E) sere.

Question 14

Which of the following is not an example of exponential growth?

Accepted Answer

A) a savings account that earns 2.5% interest each year for 10 years 
B) the economy of a country that grows by 2% each year for 15 years 
C) a child who saves one dollar each week for 10 years 
D) bacteria that double their cell numbers every 30 minutes 
E) a J- shaped curve 
A) a savings account that earns 2.5% interest each year for 10 years 
B) the economy of a country that grows by 2% each year for 15 years 
C) a child who saves one dollar each week for 10 years 
D) bacteria that double their cell numbers every 30 minutes 
E) a J- shaped curve

Question 15

The primary cause of human population growth following the Industrial Revolution was

Accepted Answer

A) an increase in death rates. 
B) a decrease in death rates. 
C) an increase in birthrates. 
D) a decrease in birthrates 
E) more children being born to women over 35 years of age. 
A) an increase in death rates. 
B) a decrease in death rates. 
C) an increase in birthrates. 
D) a decrease in birthrates 
E) more children being born to women over 35 years of age.

Question 16

We consider the crash of the groundfish populations off the coast of Cape Cod as an example of ecosystem collapse due to mankind's negligence. How might this forecast our future?

Accepted Answer

The best responses will include discussi

Question 17

Current research indicates that species richness increases proportionately with the

Accepted Answer

A) number of plants in the region. 
B) latitude. 
C) longitude. 
D) amount of resources available. 
E) stage of succession. 
A) number of plants in the region. 
B) latitude. 
C) longitude. 
D) amount of resources available. 
E) stage of succession.

Question 18

Both low birth and death rates characterize the demographic transition. Which factors will lower birth and death rates for twenty-first century Homo sapiens?

Accepted Answer

The best answers should include a discus

Question 19

Which of the following organisms is likely to show a late-loss survivorship curve?

Accepted Answer

A) mussel 
B) flowering plant 
C) squirrel 
D) elephant 
E) sea turtle 
A) mussel 
B) flowering plant 
C) squirrel 
D) elephant 
E) sea turtle

Question 20

A rapidly growing population is likely to have an age-structure diagram that is

Accepted Answer

A) bullet-shaped. 
B) in the shape of an inverted pyramid. 
C) shows significant bulges in the middle of the diagram. 
D) constantly changing its shape. 
E) in the form of a pyramid. 
A) bullet-shaped. 
B) in the shape of an inverted pyramid. 
C) shows significant bulges in the middle of the diagram. 
D) constantly changing its shape. 
E) in the form of a pyramid.

Exam 14: Ecology of Populations and Communities

Which of the following is most likely to follow an irruptive (boom and crash)growth curve?

When two species have overlapping niches and one species is excluded by the other, it is an example of

Define niche. Based on your definition, describe the niche of the yellowtail flounder.

Several species of mice occupy the same meadow. One species remains near the stream; one is found almost exclusively among the dense undergrowth; and a third species is mainly seen in the open parts of the meadow. Since these three species of mice can coexist, they are probably demonstrating

When a population reaches its carrying capacity,

Zero population growth refers to

In the history of human population growth, the earliest stage is referred to as the

The Human Population growth curve illustrates that

The number of offspring an individual organism could have under optimal conditions is called the

Briefly describe the coevolution of predators and prey. Does this concept apply to parasites and hosts?

If you were to include all of your college campus, the buildings, the parking lots, the walkways, the green areas, the students, the staff, the various other living organisms living there, you would be describing a(n)

Which of the following is not an example of exponential growth?

The primary cause of human population growth following the Industrial Revolution was

We consider the crash of the groundfish populations off the coast of Cape Cod as an example of ecosystem collapse due to mankind's negligence. How might this forecast our future?

Current research indicates that species richness increases proportionately with the

Both low birth and death rates characterize the demographic transition. Which factors will lower birth and death rates for twenty-first century Homo sapiens?

Which of the following organisms is likely to show a late-loss survivorship curve?

A rapidly growing population is likely to have an age-structure diagram that is

What Is Life

Cells and the Chemistry of Life

How Cells Take in and Use Energy

The Cell Cycle

Patterns of Inheritance

DNA: The Thread of Life

Genes, Proteins, and Genetic Engineering

Reproduction and Development

The Mechanisms of Evolution

Lifes Origins and Biodiversity

Single-Celled Life

Fungi and Plants: Decomposers and Producers

The Evolution and Diversity of Animals

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Body Function, Survival, and the Steady State

Circulation and Respiration

Defense Against Disease

Animal Nutrition and Digestion

Hormones: Messengers of Change

The Nervous System

The Body in Motion

Plant Architecture and Function

Plant Growth, Hormones, and Engineering

The Dynamic Plant

Filters