Question 1

The idea that mitochondria may have resulted when a nucleated cell engulfed aerobic bacteria is known as the

Accepted Answer

A)  endosymbiotic hypothesis. 
B)  chemiosmotic theory. 
C)  Lyon hypothesis. 
D)  theory of evolution by means of acquired characteristics. 
E)  theory of acquisition of organelles. 
A)  endosymbiotic hypothesis. 
B)  chemiosmotic theory. 
C)  Lyon hypothesis. 
D)  theory of evolution by means of acquired characteristics. 
E)  theory of acquisition of organelles.

Question 2

The genetic material of a bacterium can include

Accepted Answer

A)  a circular chromosome. 
B)  plasmids. 
C)  latent bacteriophage DNA. 
D)  a circular chromosome plus plasmids. 
E)  a circular chromosome, plasmids, and latent bacteriophage DNA. 
A)  a circular chromosome. 
B)  plasmids. 
C)  latent bacteriophage DNA. 
D)  a circular chromosome plus plasmids. 
E)  a circular chromosome, plasmids, and latent bacteriophage DNA.

Question 3

What evidence supports the idea that archaea are more closely related to eukaryotes rather than to bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)  Archaea and eukaryotes initiate transcription in the same fashion. 
B)  Archaea and eukaryotes both have cell walls with peptidoglycan. 
C)  Archaea and eukaryotes share some ribosomal proteins and have similar types of tRNA. 
D)  Archaea and eukaryotes initiate transcription in the same fashion, share some ribosomal proteins, and have similar types of tRNA. 
E)  None of the choices support a close relationship between eukaryotes and archaea. 
A)  Archaea and eukaryotes initiate transcription in the same fashion. 
B)  Archaea and eukaryotes both have cell walls with peptidoglycan. 
C)  Archaea and eukaryotes share some ribosomal proteins and have similar types of tRNA. 
D)  Archaea and eukaryotes initiate transcription in the same fashion, share some ribosomal proteins, and have similar types of tRNA. 
E)  None of the choices support a close relationship between eukaryotes and archaea.

Question 4

Which sporozoan characteristic is most consistent with a parasitic lifestyle?

Accepted Answer

A)  lack of motility 
B)  chemoheterotrophism 
C)  unicellular 
D)  lack of light-absorbing pigment 
E)  eukaryotic 
A)  lack of motility 
B)  chemoheterotrophism 
C)  unicellular 
D)  lack of light-absorbing pigment 
E)  eukaryotic

Question 5

Cell-like structures that may have resulted from macromolecular self-assembly are referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  prokaryotes. 
B)  protocells. 
C)  protoypes. 
D)  archaea. 
E)  protists. 
A)  prokaryotes. 
B)  protocells. 
C)  protoypes. 
D)  archaea. 
E)  protists.

Question 6

Naked strands of RNA not covered by a capsid are

Accepted Answer

A)  viroids. 
B)  archaea. 
C)  prions. 
D)  retroviruses. 
E)  viruses. 
A)  viroids. 
B)  archaea. 
C)  prions. 
D)  retroviruses. 
E)  viruses.

Question 7

Which is the correct order of events in the lytic cycle of a bacteriophage?

Accepted Answer

A)  attachment - penetration - biosynthesis - maturation - release 
B)  integration - penetration - biosynthesis - maturation - release 
C)  attachment - integration - biosynthesis - maturation - release 
D)  attachment - biosynthesis - maturation - release 
E)  penetration - attachment - biosynthesis - release - maturation 
A)  attachment - penetration - biosynthesis - maturation - release 
B)  integration - penetration - biosynthesis - maturation - release 
C)  attachment - integration - biosynthesis - maturation - release 
D)  attachment - biosynthesis - maturation - release 
E)  penetration - attachment - biosynthesis - release - maturation

Question 8

A researcher infects a bacterium with a bacteriophage and notices that the infection does not immediately bring about the destruction of the host cell.Instead,the phage genetic material is copied whenever the host reproduces.Which viral replication cycle is described here?

Accepted Answer

A)  integration cycle 
B)  lysogenic cycle 
C)  biosynthetic cycle 
D)  lytic cycle 
E)  emergence cycle 
A)  integration cycle 
B)  lysogenic cycle 
C)  biosynthetic cycle 
D)  lytic cycle 
E)  emergence cycle

Question 9

Which species are representatives of the green algae?

Accepted Answer

A)  Diatoms, Volvox, and Spirogyra 
B)  Coralline algae, Volvox, and Spirogyra 
C)  Chlamydomonas, Volvox, and Spirogyra 
D)  Chlamydomonas, Volvox, and Coralline 
E)  Diatoms, Chlamydomonas, and Volvox, 
A)  Diatoms, Volvox, and Spirogyra 
B)  Coralline algae, Volvox, and Spirogyra 
C)  Chlamydomonas, Volvox, and Spirogyra 
D)  Chlamydomonas, Volvox, and Coralline 
E)  Diatoms, Chlamydomonas, and Volvox,

Question 10

Which of the following is not a similarity that protozoans have to animals?

Accepted Answer

A)  Protozoans are chemoheterotrophs. 
B)  Most protozoans have some form of locomotion. 
C)  Protozoans are eukaryotes. 
D)  Protozoans were once classified as animals. 
E)  Protozoans are able to photosynthesize. 
A)  Protozoans are chemoheterotrophs. 
B)  Most protozoans have some form of locomotion. 
C)  Protozoans are eukaryotes. 
D)  Protozoans were once classified as animals. 
E)  Protozoans are able to photosynthesize.

Question 11

Which of these is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A)  malaria - protozoan 
B)  AIDS - virus 
C)  kuru - prion 
D)  tetanus - bacterium 
E)  food poisoning - archaea 
A)  malaria - protozoan 
B)  AIDS - virus 
C)  kuru - prion 
D)  tetanus - bacterium 
E)  food poisoning - archaea

Question 12

Algae are commonly grouped by their type of

Accepted Answer

A)  motility. 
B)  sexual reproduction. 
C)  pigment. 
D)  habitat. 
E)  feeding. 
A)  motility. 
B)  sexual reproduction. 
C)  pigment. 
D)  habitat. 
E)  feeding.

Question 13

Which statement about bacteria is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A)  All bacteria are pathogenic to humans. 
B)  Bacteria are prokaryotes. 
C)  Most bacteria are chemoheterotrophs. 
D)  Bacterial cells reproduce by binary fission. 
E)  A bacterial cell has one chromosome. 
A)  All bacteria are pathogenic to humans. 
B)  Bacteria are prokaryotes. 
C)  Most bacteria are chemoheterotrophs. 
D)  Bacterial cells reproduce by binary fission. 
E)  A bacterial cell has one chromosome.

Question 14

Retroviruses

Accepted Answer

A)  contain DNA. 
B)  contain reverse transcriptase. 
C)  produce RNA from DNA. 
D)  only invade plants. 
E)  produce protein directly from DNA. 
A)  contain DNA. 
B)  contain reverse transcriptase. 
C)  produce RNA from DNA. 
D)  only invade plants. 
E)  produce protein directly from DNA.

Question 15

The _____ of a virus is enclosed by a _____ capsid.

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleic acid; protein 
B)  membrane; protein 
C)  nucleic acid; membrane 
D)  protein; nucleic acid 
E)  RNA; DNA 
A)  nucleic acid; protein 
B)  membrane; protein 
C)  nucleic acid; membrane 
D)  protein; nucleic acid 
E)  RNA; DNA

Question 16

Which of these occurs during the bacteriophage lysogenic cycle but not the lytic cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  attachment 
B)  penetration 
C)  integration 
D)  biosynthesis 
E)  maturation 
A)  attachment 
B)  penetration 
C)  integration 
D)  biosynthesis 
E)  maturation

Question 17

Cyanobacteria are important producers as

Accepted Answer

A)  photoautotrophs. 
B)  saprotrophs. 
C)  chemoautotrophs. 
D)  saproautotrophs. 
E)  photoheterotrophs. 
A)  photoautotrophs. 
B)  saprotrophs. 
C)  chemoautotrophs. 
D)  saproautotrophs. 
E)  photoheterotrophs.

Question 18

Support for the endosymbiotic hypothesis is provided by all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  double membranes around mitochondria and chloroplasts. 
B)  mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own genomes. 
C)  mitochondria and chloroplasts can synthesize proteins. 
D)  mitochondria and chloroplast ribosomes are encoded by genes that are very similar to bacterial ribosome genes. 
E)  mitochondria and chloroplasts contribute to different metabolic processes in the eukaryotic cell. 
A)  double membranes around mitochondria and chloroplasts. 
B)  mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own genomes. 
C)  mitochondria and chloroplasts can synthesize proteins. 
D)  mitochondria and chloroplast ribosomes are encoded by genes that are very similar to bacterial ribosome genes. 
E)  mitochondria and chloroplasts contribute to different metabolic processes in the eukaryotic cell.

Question 19

What evidence helps supports the endosymbiosis theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  a single membrane around the nucleus within a cell 
B)  a double membrane surrounding the nucleus within a cell 
C)  a single membrane surrounding the mitochondria 
D)  a single membrane surrounding the chloroplast 
E)  a double membrane surrounding the mitochnodria and chloroplast 
A)  a single membrane around the nucleus within a cell 
B)  a double membrane surrounding the nucleus within a cell 
C)  a single membrane surrounding the mitochondria 
D)  a single membrane surrounding the chloroplast 
E)  a double membrane surrounding the mitochnodria and chloroplast

Question 20

A viroid is a naked,infectious _____ molecule.

Accepted Answer

A)  protein 
B)  DNA 
C)  RNA 
D)  fatty acid 
E)  enzyme 
A)  protein 
B)  DNA 
C)  RNA 
D)  fatty acid 
E)  enzyme

Exam 17: The Microorganisms: Viruses, bacteria, and Protists

The idea that mitochondria may have resulted when a nucleated cell engulfed aerobic bacteria is known as the

The genetic material of a bacterium can include

What evidence supports the idea that archaea are more closely related to eukaryotes rather than to bacteria?

Which sporozoan characteristic is most consistent with a parasitic lifestyle?

Cell-like structures that may have resulted from macromolecular self-assembly are referred to as

Naked strands of RNA not covered by a capsid are

Which is the correct order of events in the lytic cycle of a bacteriophage?

A researcher infects a bacterium with a bacteriophage and notices that the infection does not immediately bring about the destruction of the host cell.Instead,the phage genetic material is copied whenever the host reproduces.Which viral replication cycle is described here?

Which species are representatives of the green algae?

Which of the following is not a similarity that protozoans have to animals?

Which of these is mismatched?

Algae are commonly grouped by their type of

Which statement about bacteria is incorrect?

Retroviruses

The _____ of a virus is enclosed by a _____ capsid.

Which of these occurs during the bacteriophage lysogenic cycle but not the lytic cycle?

Cyanobacteria are important producers as

Support for the endosymbiotic hypothesis is provided by all of the following EXCEPT

What evidence helps supports the endosymbiosis theory?

A viroid is a naked,infectious _____ molecule.

Biology: The Science of Life

The Chemical Basis of Life

The Organic Molecules of Life

Inside the Cell

The Dynamic Cell

Energy for Life

Energy for Cells

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis and the Genetic Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

DNA Biology

Biotechnology and Genomics

Genetic Counseling

Darwin and Evolution

Evolution on a Small Scale

Evolution on a Large Scale

Land Environment: Plants and Fungi

Both Water and Land: Animals

Plant Anatomy and Growth

Plant Responses and Reproduction

Being Organized and Steady

The Transport Systems

The Maintenance Systems

Human Nutrition

Defenses Against Disease

The Control Systems

Sensory Input and Motor Output

Reproduction and Embryonic Development

Ecology and Populations

Communities and Ecosystems

Human Impact on the Biosphere

Filters

The _ of a virus is enclosed by a _ capsid.