Question 1

In the following figure,which cell exhibits the condition of plant cells that have been placed in a hypertonic environment?

Accepted Answer

A)  a 
B)  b 
C)  c 
D)  Both a & b 
E)  Both b & c 
A)  a 
B)  b 
C)  c 
D)  Both a & b 
E)  Both b & c

Question 2

A white blood cell surrounds and engulfs a worn-out red blood cell,forming a vesicle around the red blood cell.This process is called

Accepted Answer

A)  active transport. 
B)  phagocytosis. 
C)  exocytosis. 
D)  pinocytosis. 
E)  facilitated diffusion. 
A)  active transport. 
B)  phagocytosis. 
C)  exocytosis. 
D)  pinocytosis. 
E)  facilitated diffusion.

Question 3

The concentration of calcium in a cell is 3%.The concentration of calcium in the surrounding fluid is 1%. How could the cell obtain more calcium?

Accepted Answer

A)  passive transport 
B)  diffusion 
C)  active transport 
D)  osmosis 
E)  pinocytosis 
A)  passive transport 
B)  diffusion 
C)  active transport 
D)  osmosis 
E)  pinocytosis

Question 4

The figure below represents a metabolic pathway,what happens if Enzyme2 is defective and nonfunctional?

Accepted Answer

A)  Product Z would increase in amount. 
B)  Substrate Y would not be metabolized. 
C)  Substrate X would not be metabolized. 
D)  Substrate X would increase in amount. 
E)  Substrate X is destroyed. 
A)  Product Z would increase in amount. 
B)  Substrate Y would not be metabolized. 
C)  Substrate X would not be metabolized. 
D)  Substrate X would increase in amount. 
E)  Substrate X is destroyed.

Question 5

Which of the following is best associated with a coupled reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP consumes energy from another metabolic reaction. 
B)  ADP often transfers a phosphate to the reactant. 
C)  The metabolic reaction requires energy from ATP. 
D)  ATP gains a phosphate group. 
E)  ADP is used up in the metabolic reaction. 
A)  ATP consumes energy from another metabolic reaction. 
B)  ADP often transfers a phosphate to the reactant. 
C)  The metabolic reaction requires energy from ATP. 
D)  ATP gains a phosphate group. 
E)  ADP is used up in the metabolic reaction.

Question 6

Which of the following shows the flow of energy at the cellular level through the biosphere?

Accepted Answer

A)  solar energy - mitochondria - chloroplast 
B)  chloroplast - solar energy - mitochondria 
C)  solar energy - chloroplast - mitochondria 
D)  mitochondria - solar energy - chloroplast 
E)  chloroplast - mitochondria - solar energy 
A)  solar energy - mitochondria - chloroplast 
B)  chloroplast - solar energy - mitochondria 
C)  solar energy - chloroplast - mitochondria 
D)  mitochondria - solar energy - chloroplast 
E)  chloroplast - mitochondria - solar energy

Question 7

In the set-up shown in the figure below,which of the following statements would describe the conditions observed after 12 hours of time have elapsed?

Accepted Answer

A)  The beaker contents will be hypertonic to the tube contents. 
B)  The tube contents will be hypertonic to the beaker contents. 
C)  The beaker and tube contents are in an isotonic to each other. 
D)  The beaker contents will be hypotonic to the tube contents. 
E)  The beaker contents and the tube contents will not have changed at all. 
A)  The beaker contents will be hypertonic to the tube contents. 
B)  The tube contents will be hypertonic to the beaker contents. 
C)  The beaker and tube contents are in an isotonic to each other. 
D)  The beaker contents will be hypotonic to the tube contents. 
E)  The beaker contents and the tube contents will not have changed at all.

Question 8

Pickles are often preserved in a 20-30% salt solution called brine.How does this method prevent contamination by microorganisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bacteria can't survive in a hypertonic solution because they lose water. 
B)  Bacteria can't survive in hypotonic solutions because of the added pressure of the water they take in. 
C)  Bacteria cells are unable to digest the salt, thus killing the cells by starvation. 
D)  The high salt concentration increases the pH of the environment, making it unfavorable for bacteria to live there. 
E)  The high salt concentration creates an isotonic environment that the bacteria cannot live in. 
A)  Bacteria can't survive in a hypertonic solution because they lose water. 
B)  Bacteria can't survive in hypotonic solutions because of the added pressure of the water they take in. 
C)  Bacteria cells are unable to digest the salt, thus killing the cells by starvation. 
D)  The high salt concentration increases the pH of the environment, making it unfavorable for bacteria to live there. 
E)  The high salt concentration creates an isotonic environment that the bacteria cannot live in.

Question 9

Which of the following terms best describes entropy?

Accepted Answer

A)  order 
B)  disorder 
C)  potential energy 
D)  kinetic energy 
E)  energy conversions 
A)  order 
B)  disorder 
C)  potential energy 
D)  kinetic energy 
E)  energy conversions

Question 10

A patient who is admitted to the hospital shares that she has been taking a series of "water pills" to help her lose weight.Her skin and mucous membranes are dry,and she is complaining of a headache.The physician on call asks for an IV treatment to be promptly administered.Based on the information given,what would likely be the type of IV solution given to this patient?

Accepted Answer

A)  hypotonic 
B)  isotonic 
C)  osmotic 
D)  hypertonic 
E)  saturated 
A)  hypotonic 
B)  isotonic 
C)  osmotic 
D)  hypertonic 
E)  saturated

Question 11

Which of these words does not belong with the rest as it relates to concentration gradient?

Accepted Answer

A)  osmosis 
B)  diffusion 
C)  passive transport 
D)  active transport 
E)  facilitated diffusion 
A)  osmosis 
B)  diffusion 
C)  passive transport 
D)  active transport 
E)  facilitated diffusion

Question 12

ATP is a good source of energy for a cell because

Accepted Answer

A)  it is able to be used in only one type of reaction. 
B)  its breakdown is coupled with energy-requiring reactions. 
C)  it provides excess energy for cellular reactions. 
D)  it is not reusable. 
E)  it takes no energy to make it. 
A)  it is able to be used in only one type of reaction. 
B)  its breakdown is coupled with energy-requiring reactions. 
C)  it provides excess energy for cellular reactions. 
D)  it is not reusable. 
E)  it takes no energy to make it.

Question 13

The changing of an enzyme's shape as the substrate binds to the active site is called the

Accepted Answer

A)  substrate binding theory. 
B)  induced fit model. 
C)  metabolic pathway. 
D)  energy of activation. 
E)  enzyme binding theory. 
A)  substrate binding theory. 
B)  induced fit model. 
C)  metabolic pathway. 
D)  energy of activation. 
E)  enzyme binding theory.

Question 14

The figure below demonstrates which key concept regarding cell activities?20-2013

Accepted Answer

A)  coupled reactions 
B)  the first law of thermodynamics 
C)  enzyme inhibition 
D)  receptor mediated endocytosis 
E)  active transport 
A)  coupled reactions 
B)  the first law of thermodynamics 
C)  enzyme inhibition 
D)  receptor mediated endocytosis 
E)  active transport

Question 15

Enzymes are named based on the substrate that they bind; this is possible because

Accepted Answer

A)  enzymes all have the same shape. 
B)  an enzyme binds one specific substrate. 
C)  enzymes are used up in the reaction. 
D)  an enzyme is only associated with one metabolic pathway. 
E)  enzymes speed up the rate of a reaction. 
A)  enzymes all have the same shape. 
B)  an enzyme binds one specific substrate. 
C)  enzymes are used up in the reaction. 
D)  an enzyme is only associated with one metabolic pathway. 
E)  enzymes speed up the rate of a reaction.

Question 16

Which one of the following molecules is able to move across the cell membrane by simple diffusion?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA 
B)  hemoglobin 
C)  carbon dioxide 
D)  glucose 
E)  starch 
A)  DNA 
B)  hemoglobin 
C)  carbon dioxide 
D)  glucose 
E)  starch

Question 17

Simple diffusion across a plasma membrane is called passive transport because it

Accepted Answer

A)  requires transport proteins. 
B)  requires energy from the cell. 
C)  does not require energy from the cell. 
D)  does not require control by the nucleus. 
E)  moves molecules from low to high concentration. 
A)  requires transport proteins. 
B)  requires energy from the cell. 
C)  does not require energy from the cell. 
D)  does not require control by the nucleus. 
E)  moves molecules from low to high concentration.

Question 18

What process typically regulates the enzymes involved in metabolic reactions?

Accepted Answer

A)  substrate inhibition 
B)  entropy capture 
C)  ATP blockage 
D)  feedback inhibition 
E)  temperature levels 
A)  substrate inhibition 
B)  entropy capture 
C)  ATP blockage 
D)  feedback inhibition 
E)  temperature levels

Question 19

ATP releases energy when

Accepted Answer

A)  a ribose is added. 
B)  adenine is removed. 
C)  a phosphate is removed. 
D)  deoxyribose is added. 
E)  sunlight strikes it. 
A)  a ribose is added. 
B)  adenine is removed. 
C)  a phosphate is removed. 
D)  deoxyribose is added. 
E)  sunlight strikes it.

Question 20

Which statement most accurately describes the second law of thermodynamics?

Accepted Answer

A)  Energy cannot be changed from one form to another without a loss of usable energy. 
B)  One usable form of energy can be completely converted into another usable form. 
C)  Energy cannot be created nor destroyed but it can be changed from one form to another. 
D)  Energy cannot be created or destroyed. 
E)  Energy cannot be transformed. 
A)  Energy cannot be changed from one form to another without a loss of usable energy. 
B)  One usable form of energy can be completely converted into another usable form. 
C)  Energy cannot be created nor destroyed but it can be changed from one form to another. 
D)  Energy cannot be created or destroyed. 
E)  Energy cannot be transformed.

Exam 5: The Dynamic Cell

In the following figure,which cell exhibits the condition of plant cells that have been placed in a hypertonic environment?

A white blood cell surrounds and engulfs a worn-out red blood cell,forming a vesicle around the red blood cell.This process is called

The concentration of calcium in a cell is 3%.The concentration of calcium in the surrounding fluid is 1%. How could the cell obtain more calcium?

The figure below represents a metabolic pathway,what happens if Enzyme2 is defective and nonfunctional?

Which of the following is best associated with a coupled reaction?

Which of the following shows the flow of energy at the cellular level through the biosphere?

In the set-up shown in the figure below,which of the following statements would describe the conditions observed after 12 hours of time have elapsed?

Pickles are often preserved in a 20-30% salt solution called brine.How does this method prevent contamination by microorganisms?

Which of the following terms best describes entropy?

Which of these words does not belong with the rest as it relates to concentration gradient?

ATP is a good source of energy for a cell because

The changing of an enzyme's shape as the substrate binds to the active site is called the

The figure below demonstrates which key concept regarding cell activities?20-2013

Enzymes are named based on the substrate that they bind; this is possible because

Which one of the following molecules is able to move across the cell membrane by simple diffusion?

Simple diffusion across a plasma membrane is called passive transport because it

What process typically regulates the enzymes involved in metabolic reactions?

ATP releases energy when

Which statement most accurately describes the second law of thermodynamics?

Biology: The Science of Life

The Chemical Basis of Life

The Organic Molecules of Life

Inside the Cell

Energy for Life

Energy for Cells

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis and the Genetic Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

DNA Biology

Biotechnology and Genomics

Genetic Counseling

Darwin and Evolution

Evolution on a Small Scale

Evolution on a Large Scale

The Microorganisms: Viruses, bacteria, and Protists

Land Environment: Plants and Fungi

Both Water and Land: Animals

Plant Anatomy and Growth

Plant Responses and Reproduction

Being Organized and Steady

The Transport Systems

The Maintenance Systems

Human Nutrition

Defenses Against Disease

The Control Systems

Sensory Input and Motor Output

Reproduction and Embryonic Development

Ecology and Populations

Communities and Ecosystems

Human Impact on the Biosphere

Filters

The figure below represents a metabolic pathway,what happens if Enzyme₂ is defective and nonfunctional?