Question 1

Hydrogen plays an important role in many industrial processes. Write a balanced chemical equation for its production by the water gas reaction.

Accepted Answer

C(s)+ H₂O(g)$\to$CO(g)+ H₂(g)

Question 2

Why is it especially dangerous to mix cyanide salts with acids? Write a chemical equation to illustrate your answer.

Accepted Answer

The cyanide ion reacts with acid to form hydrogen cyanide, a very weak acid that comes out of solution as a gas.Inhaled in even very small amounts it can rapidly cause death (the cyanide ion bonds essentially irreversibly to Fe(III)in cytochrome oxidase, an important enzyme in metabolism).
NaCN(s)+ HCl(aq)$\to$ HCN(aq)+ NaCl(aq), followed by
HCN(aq)$\to$ HCN(g)
or combining these reactions
NaCN(s)+ HCl(aq)$\to$ HCN(g)+ NaCl(aq)
(answers will vary depending on salt and acid used in the equation)

Question 3

Write the chemical formula of the superoxide ion.

Accepted Answer

O<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>

Question 4

A chemical formula of the carbide ion is

Accepted Answer

A) Si4- 
B) C2- 
C) C22- 
D) CN- 
E) C3- 
A) Si4- 
B) C2- 
C) C22- 
D) CN- 
E) C3-

Question 5

Write the chemical formula of the oxide ion.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Write the chemical formula of the oxide...

Question 6

The term catenation describes the

Accepted Answer

A) tendency of carbon atoms to form cations in the presence of alkali metals. 
B) process of creating synthetic gas from coal. 
C) extraction of precious metals with sodium or potassium cyanide. 
D) ability of carbon atoms to form long chains and rings. 
E) interaction of Group 4A elements with Group 8A elements at high pressures and temperatures to form coordination compounds. 
A) tendency of carbon atoms to form cations in the presence of alkali metals. 
B) process of creating synthetic gas from coal. 
C) extraction of precious metals with sodium or potassium cyanide. 
D) ability of carbon atoms to form long chains and rings. 
E) interaction of Group 4A elements with Group 8A elements at high pressures and temperatures to form coordination compounds.

Question 7

P4O6 and P4O10 are allotropes of phosphorus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which of these aqueous solutions has the lowest pH?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.100 M NaOH 
B) 0.100 M Na2O 
C) 0.100 M Na3N 
D) all of these solutions have the same pH due to the leveling effect 
E) these all are solutions of weak bases, so Kb values are needed in order to decide 
A) 0.100 M NaOH 
B) 0.100 M Na2O 
C) 0.100 M Na3N 
D) all of these solutions have the same pH due to the leveling effect 
E) these all are solutions of weak bases, so Kb values are needed in order to decide

Question 9

Write a balanced chemical equation to show the production of chlorine by the chlor-alkali process.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Write a balanced chemical equation to show...

Question 10

The Ostwald process is the main method for the manufacture of nitric acid. In the first step of this process

Accepted Answer

A) nitrogen and hydrogen react to form NH3. 
B) ammonia is burned in O2 to generate N2 and H2O. 
C) nitrogen and oxygen react to form NO2. 
D) nitrogen and oxygen react to form NO. 
E) ammonia is burned with O2 to generate NO and H2O. 
A) nitrogen and hydrogen react to form NH3. 
B) ammonia is burned in O2 to generate N2 and H2O. 
C) nitrogen and oxygen react to form NO2. 
D) nitrogen and oxygen react to form NO. 
E) ammonia is burned with O2 to generate NO and H2O.

Question 11

Which one of these elements is not a gas at room temperature?

Accepted Answer

A) chlorine 
B) fluorine 
C) nitrogen 
D) oxygen 
E) sulfur 
A) chlorine 
B) fluorine 
C) nitrogen 
D) oxygen 
E) sulfur

Question 12

Which of these substances is the active ingredient in ordinary household bleach?

Accepted Answer

A) HCl 
B) Cl2 
C) NaCl 
D) NaClO 
E) NaClO4 
A) HCl 
B) Cl2 
C) NaCl 
D) NaClO 
E) NaClO4

Question 13

The presence of ozone in the upper atmosphere is important because

Accepted Answer

A) O3 absorbs outgoing radiation from the earth's surface, thus helping to keep the earth warm. 
B) O3 absorbs harmful solar radiation. 
C) O3 dissolves in water droplets and is very reactive. 
D) O3 is a major reactant in photosynthesis. 
A) O3 absorbs outgoing radiation from the earth's surface, thus helping to keep the earth warm. 
B) O3 absorbs harmful solar radiation. 
C) O3 dissolves in water droplets and is very reactive. 
D) O3 is a major reactant in photosynthesis.

Question 14

Ozone (O3)and oxygen gas (O2)are examples of

Accepted Answer

A) isotopes. 
B) allotropes. 
C) polymorphs. 
D) alloys. 
E) amphoterism. 
A) isotopes. 
B) allotropes. 
C) polymorphs. 
D) alloys. 
E) amphoterism.

Question 15

The bond energy of F2 is anomalously low, in comparison with the other halogens, due to the small size of the fluorine atom. Which of the following periodic properties is also anomalously low in the case of fluorine?

Accepted Answer

A) first ionization energy 
B) electron affinity 
C) electronegativity 
D) diatomic bond length 
E) ionic radius 
A) first ionization energy 
B) electron affinity 
C) electronegativity 
D) diatomic bond length 
E) ionic radius

Question 16

The main commercial source of bromine is

Accepted Answer

A) silver bromide ore. 
B) seawater. 
C) the Frasch process. 
D) phosphate rock. 
E) the Ostwald process. 
A) silver bromide ore. 
B) seawater. 
C) the Frasch process. 
D) phosphate rock. 
E) the Ostwald process.

Question 17

Which of these aqueous solutions has the highest pH?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.100 M NaOH 
B) 0.100 M Na2O 
C) 0.100 M Na3N 
D) all of these solutions have the same pH due to the leveling effect 
E) these all are solutions of weak bases, so Kb values are needed in order to decide 
A) 0.100 M NaOH 
B) 0.100 M Na2O 
C) 0.100 M Na3N 
D) all of these solutions have the same pH due to the leveling effect 
E) these all are solutions of weak bases, so Kb values are needed in order to decide

Question 18

Write the formula for the binary hydride you would expect calcium to form.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Write the formula for the binary hydride...

Question 19

Which one of these elements is a liquid at room temperature?

Accepted Answer

A) bromine 
B) chlorine 
C) fluorine 
D) iodine 
E) selenium 
A) bromine 
B) chlorine 
C) fluorine 
D) iodine 
E) selenium

Question 20

Which of these substances is being considered as a replacement fuel for gasoline?

Accepted Answer

A) D2O 
B) H2 
C) NO2 
D) F2 
E) He 
A) D2O 
B) H2 
C) NO2 
D) F2 
E) He

Exam 21: Nonmetallic Elements and Their Compounds

Hydrogen plays an important role in many industrial processes. Write a balanced chemical equation for its production by the water gas reaction.

Why is it especially dangerous to mix cyanide salts with acids? Write a chemical equation to illustrate your answer.

Write the chemical formula of the superoxide ion.

A chemical formula of the carbide ion is

Write the chemical formula of the oxide ion.

The term catenation describes the

P4O6 and P4O10 are allotropes of phosphorus.

Which of these aqueous solutions has the lowest pH?

Write a balanced chemical equation to show the production of chlorine by the chlor-alkali process.

The Ostwald process is the main method for the manufacture of nitric acid. In the first step of this process

Which one of these elements is not a gas at room temperature?

Which of these substances is the active ingredient in ordinary household bleach?

The presence of ozone in the upper atmosphere is important because

Ozone (O3)and oxygen gas (O2)are examples of

The bond energy of F2 is anomalously low, in comparison with the other halogens, due to the small size of the fluorine atom. Which of the following periodic properties is also anomalously low in the case of fluorine?

The main commercial source of bromine is

Which of these aqueous solutions has the highest pH?

Write the formula for the binary hydride you would expect calcium to form.

Which one of these elements is a liquid at room temperature?

Which of these substances is being considered as a replacement fuel for gasoline?

Chemistry: The Study of Change

Atoms, Molecules, and Ions

Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions

Reactions in Aqueous Solution

Gases

Thermo-Chemistry

Quantum Theory and the Electronic Structure of Atoms

Periodic Relationships Among the Elements

Chemical Bonding I: Basic Concepts

Chemical Bonding Ii: Molecular Geometry and Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals

Intermolecular Forces and Liquids and Solids

Physical Properties of Solutions

Chemical Kinetics

Chemical Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

Acid-Base Equilibria and Solubility Equilibria

Chemistry in the Atmosphere

Entropy, Free Energy, and Equilibrium

Electrochemistry

Metallurgy and the Chemistry of Metals

Transition Metal Chemistry and Coordination Compounds

Nuclear Chemistry

Organic Chemistry

Synthetic and Natural Organic Polymers

Filters

P₄O₆ and P₄O₁₀ are allotropes of phosphorus.

Ozone (O₃)and oxygen gas (O₂)are examples of

The bond energy of F₂ is anomalously low, in comparison with the other halogens, due to the small size of the fluorine atom. Which of the following periodic properties is also anomalously low in the case of fluorine?