Question 1

What would you use to determine the accuracy of a water-sealed spirometer in measuring lung volumes?

Accepted Answer

A) calibrated high-flow flowmeter 
B) computer-generated flow patterns 
C) calibrated 3-L syringe 
D) standard subject with known volumes 
A) calibrated high-flow flowmeter 
B) computer-generated flow patterns 
C) calibrated 3-L syringe 
D) standard subject with known volumes

Question 2

What is the normal average inspiratory capacity (IC)?

Accepted Answer

A) 1200 ml 
B) 2400 ml 
C) 3600 ml 
D) 4800 ml 
A) 1200 ml 
B) 2400 ml 
C) 3600 ml 
D) 4800 ml

Question 3

What do relative contraindications for lung volume determinations include?
I.recent cataract removal surgery
II.unstable cardiovascular status
III.untreated pneumothorax
IV.hemoptysis of unknown origin

Accepted Answer

A) I, II, and III 
B) II and IV 
C) I, III, and IV 
D) I, II, III, and IV 
A) I, II, and III 
B) II and IV 
C) I, III, and IV 
D) I, II, III, and IV

Question 4

What conclusions can you draw from the following data, obtained from a 41-year-old man who admits to "occasional smoking" but otherwise reveals no past history of pulmonary problems? $\begin{array}{|l|l|l|l|l|l|l|l|}
\hline& \text { ACTUAL } & \text { PRED } & \% \text { PRED } && \text { ACTUAL } & \text { PRED } & \% \text { PRED } \
\hline \text { TLC } & 4.75 & 4.90 & 97 \% & \text { FVC } & 2.96 & 3.63 & 82 \% \
\hline \text { FRC } & 2.31 & 2.21 & 105 \% & \% \text { FEV }_{1} & 82 \% & 78 \% & \
\hline \text { RV } & 1.28 & 1.20 & 106 \% & \text { FEF }_{200-1200} & 4.33 & 5.45 & 79 \% \
\hline \text { VC } & 3.48 & 3.63 & 96 \% & \text { FEF }_{25} \%-75 \% & 1.95 & 3.37 & 58 \% \
\hline
\end{array}$

Accepted Answer

A) Results indicate small airway obstruction. 
B) Results indicate generalized airway obstruction. 
C) Results indicate a restrictive lung disorder. 
D) Results indicate a combined disease process. 
A) Results indicate small airway obstruction. 
B) Results indicate generalized airway obstruction. 
C) Results indicate a restrictive lung disorder. 
D) Results indicate a combined disease process.

Question 5

What is the most common measurement of pulmonary mechanics during pulmonary function testing?

Accepted Answer

A) tidal volume 
B) forced vital capacity 
C) residual volume 
D) inspiratory reserve volume 
A) tidal volume 
B) forced vital capacity 
C) residual volume 
D) inspiratory reserve volume

Question 6

What is the amount of gas that can be inhaled over and above that which is normally inhaled during quiet breathing?

Accepted Answer

A) functional residual capacity (FR
C)  
B) expiratory reserve volume (ERV) 
C) inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) 
D) vital capacity (V
C)  
A) functional residual capacity (FR
C)  
B) expiratory reserve volume (ERV) 
C) inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) 
D) vital capacity (V
C)

Question 7

Which of the following techniques are used to measure residual volume?
I.helium dilution
II.body plethysmography
III.nitrogen washout
IV.flow-volume loops

Accepted Answer

A) II and IV 
B) I, II, and III 
C) I, II, III, and IV 
D) I, III, and IV 
A) II and IV 
B) I, II, and III 
C) I, II, III, and IV 
D) I, III, and IV

Question 8

Under which of the following conditions would you postpone a diffusing capacity test?
I.	Just before the test, the patient smoked two cigarettes.
II.	Just before the test, the patient had an episode of severe coughing.
III.	Just before the test, the patient had a long wait at a busy bus stop.

Accepted Answer

A) I 
B) I and III 
C) II and III 
D) I, II, and III 
A) I 
B) I and III 
C) II and III 
D) I, II, and III

Question 9

You are examining the expiratory flow tracing during the patient's forced vital capacity (FVC) maneuver. At what point during the exhalation can you generally begin to see flow from the bronchioles?

Accepted Answer

A) beyond 30% 
B) beyond 50% 
C) beyond 70% 
D) beyond 90% 
A) beyond 30% 
B) beyond 50% 
C) beyond 70% 
D) beyond 90%

Question 10

How often should a spirometer in continual use undergo volumetric calibration?

Accepted Answer

A) every 4 hours 
B) every shift 
C) at least daily 
D) weekly 
A) every 4 hours 
B) every shift 
C) at least daily 
D) weekly

Question 11

A patient has a vital capacity of 4200 ml, a functional residual capacity (FRC) of 3300 ml, and an expiratory reserve volume (ERV) of 1500 ml. What is the residual volume (RV)?

Accepted Answer

A) 5700 ml 
B) 2700 ml 
C) 1800 ml 
D) 7500 ml 
A) 5700 ml 
B) 2700 ml 
C) 1800 ml 
D) 7500 ml

Question 12

When evaluating a forced vital capacity maneuver post bronchodilator use to determine the reversibility of any airway obstruction, what percent increase in FEV1 is needed to be able to say the treatment was effective?

Accepted Answer

A) 5% 
B) 10% 
C) 15% 
D) 20% 
A) 5% 
B) 10% 
C) 15% 
D) 20%

Question 13

When used to determine functional residual capacity, the body plethysmograph operates on which of the following physical principles?

Accepted Answer

A) Dalton's law 
B) Charles' law 
C) Boyle's law 
D) Gay-Lussac's law 
A) Dalton's law 
B) Charles' law 
C) Boyle's law 
D) Gay-Lussac's law

Question 14

During a helium dilution test for functional residual capacity, you notice that it takes 19 minutes for equilibration between the gas concentrations in the spirometer and the patient's lungs. Based on this information, what can you conclude?

Accepted Answer

A) The patient has restrictive lung disease. 
B) The spirometer is leaking helium. 
C) The patient has obstructive lung disease. 
D) Insufficient oxygen was added to the system. 
A) The patient has restrictive lung disease. 
B) The spirometer is leaking helium. 
C) The patient has obstructive lung disease. 
D) Insufficient oxygen was added to the system.

Question 15

What is the American Thoracic Society standard for accuracy when measuring flows during pulmonary function testing?

Accepted Answer

A) 90% accuracy or within 0.30 L/sec, whichever is greater 
B) 95% accuracy or within 0.20 L/sec, whichever is greater 
C) 97% accuracy or within 0.10 L/sec, whichever is greater 
D) 99% accuracy or within 0.05 L/sec, whichever is greater 
A) 90% accuracy or within 0.30 L/sec, whichever is greater 
B) 95% accuracy or within 0.20 L/sec, whichever is greater 
C) 97% accuracy or within 0.10 L/sec, whichever is greater 
D) 99% accuracy or within 0.05 L/sec, whichever is greater

Question 16

How reliable is the tidal volume measurement in predicting the type of lung disease present?

Accepted Answer

A) very reliable 
B) somewhat reliable 
C) not reliable 
D) reliable but only in certain age groups 
A) very reliable 
B) somewhat reliable 
C) not reliable 
D) reliable but only in certain age groups

Question 17

Which of the following volumes or capacities cannot be measured by simple spirometry?
I.	functional residual capacity (FRC)
II.	expiratory reserve volume (ERV)
III.	residual volume (RV)
IV.	inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)

Accepted Answer

A) I, III, and IV 
B) I, II, III, and IV 
C) I and III 
D) I and IV 
A) I, III, and IV 
B) I, II, III, and IV 
C) I and III 
D) I and IV

Question 18

What is the most common lung volume measured during spirometry?

Accepted Answer

A) tidal volume 
B) vital capacity 
C) total lung capacity 
D) expiratory reserve volume 
A) tidal volume 
B) vital capacity 
C) total lung capacity 
D) expiratory reserve volume

Question 19

What is the predicted normal FEV1 for the average 20-year-old man?

Accepted Answer

A) 3.3 L 
B) 4.0 L 
C) 4.7 L 
D) 5.2 L 
A) 3.3 L 
B) 4.0 L 
C) 4.7 L 
D) 5.2 L

Question 20

In both the helium dilution test and nitrogen washout functional residual capacity (FRC) determinations, at what point should the patient normally be connected to the system to begin the test?

Accepted Answer

A) resting expiration 
B) full forced inspiration 
C) resting inspiration 
D) full forced expiration 
A) resting expiration 
B) full forced inspiration 
C) resting inspiration 
D) full forced expiration

Exam 19: Pulmonary Function Testing

What would you use to determine the accuracy of a water-sealed spirometer in measuring lung volumes?

What is the normal average inspiratory capacity (IC)?

What do relative contraindications for lung volume determinations include? I.recent cataract removal surgery II.unstable cardiovascular status III.untreated pneumothorax IV.hemoptysis of unknown origin

What is the most common measurement of pulmonary mechanics during pulmonary function testing?

What is the amount of gas that can be inhaled over and above that which is normally inhaled during quiet breathing?

Which of the following techniques are used to measure residual volume? I.helium dilution II.body plethysmography III.nitrogen washout IV.flow-volume loops

Under which of the following conditions would you postpone a diffusing capacity test? I. Just before the test, the patient smoked two cigarettes. II. Just before the test, the patient had an episode of severe coughing. III. Just before the test, the patient had a long wait at a busy bus stop.

You are examining the expiratory flow tracing during the patient's forced vital capacity (FVC) maneuver. At what point during the exhalation can you generally begin to see flow from the bronchioles?

How often should a spirometer in continual use undergo volumetric calibration?

A patient has a vital capacity of 4200 ml, a functional residual capacity (FRC) of 3300 ml, and an expiratory reserve volume (ERV) of 1500 ml. What is the residual volume (RV)?

When evaluating a forced vital capacity maneuver post bronchodilator use to determine the reversibility of any airway obstruction, what percent increase in FEV1 is needed to be able to say the treatment was effective?

When used to determine functional residual capacity, the body plethysmograph operates on which of the following physical principles?

During a helium dilution test for functional residual capacity, you notice that it takes 19 minutes for equilibration between the gas concentrations in the spirometer and the patient's lungs. Based on this information, what can you conclude?

What is the American Thoracic Society standard for accuracy when measuring flows during pulmonary function testing?

How reliable is the tidal volume measurement in predicting the type of lung disease present?

Which of the following volumes or capacities cannot be measured by simple spirometry? I. functional residual capacity (FRC) II. expiratory reserve volume (ERV) III. residual volume (RV) IV. inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)

What is the most common lung volume measured during spirometry?

What is the predicted normal FEV1 for the average 20-year-old man?

In both the helium dilution test and nitrogen washout functional residual capacity (FRC) determinations, at what point should the patient normally be connected to the system to begin the test?

History of Respiratory Care

Quality and Evidence-Based Respiratory Care

Patient Safety, Communication, and Record Keeping

Principles of Infection Control

Ethical and Legal Implications of Practice

Physical Principles of Respiratory Care

Computer Applications in Respiratory Care

The Respiratory System

The Cardiovascular System

Ventilation

Gas Exchange and Transport

Solutions, Body Fluids, and Electrolytes

Acid-Base Balance

Regulation of Breathing

Bedside Assessment of the Patient

Interpretation of Clinical Laboratory Data

Interpreting the Electrocardiogram

Analysis and Monitoring of Gas Exchange

A Review of Thoracic Imaging

Nutrition Assessment

Pulmonary Infections

Obstructive Lung Disease: Copd, Asthma, and Related Diseases

Interstitial Lung Disease

Pleural Diseases

Pulmonary Vascular Disease

Acute Lung Injury, Pulmonary Edema, and Multiple System Organ

Lung Cancer

Neuromuscular and Other Diseases of the Chest Wall

Disorders of Sleep

Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Disorders

Airway Pharmacology

Airway Management

Emergency Cardiovascular Life Support

Humidity and Bland Aerosol Therapy

Aerosol Drug Therapy

Storage and Delivery of Medical Gases

Medical Gas Therapy

Lung Expansion Therapy

Bronchial Hygiene Therapy

Respiratory Failure and the Need for Ventilatory Support

Mechanical Ventilators

Physiology of Ventilatory Support

Initiating and Adjusting Ventilatory Support

Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation

Monitoring and Management of the Patient in the Intensive Care Unit

Discontinuing Ventilatory Support

Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care

Patient Education and Health Promotion

Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation

Respiratory Care in Alternative Settings

Filters

When evaluating a forced vital capacity maneuver post bronchodilator use to determine the reversibility of any airway obstruction, what percent increase in FEV₁ is needed to be able to say the treatment was effective?

What is the predicted normal FEV₁ for the average 20-year-old man?