Question 1

What is a theory? What is the role of theories in the field of criminology?

Accepted Answer

Responses should define theory, based on the description in the textbook, as a set of interrelated propositions that attempt to describe, explain, predict, and ultimately control some class of events. Answers should connect the role of theory building in the field as one that helps construct models to allow for better understanding of criminal behavior, and in turn, better development of social policies to reduce criminal behavior.

Question 2

Because research subjects generally do not know that they are being studied, secondary analysis is said to be __________.

Accepted Answer

nonreactive

Question 3

A theory is tested by how well it describes and predicts reality.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

Which of the following threats to external validity is an example of the problem of reactive effects of experiment arrangements?

Accepted Answer

A)  A pretest was conducted that sensitized the subjects to the topic of the research, so that they may have responded to the treatment differently than would individuals who did not go through the pretest 
B)  Defendants in a county court are allowed to choose whether or not they would like to participate in a study to determine the effectiveness of a new diversion program 
C)  Inmates in a prison are aware that they are part of a study on prison violence and modify their behavior as a result of this awareness 
D)  Inmates in a prison are participating in two research studies and are simultaneously exposed to two different experimental interventions 
A)  A pretest was conducted that sensitized the subjects to the topic of the research, so that they may have responded to the treatment differently than would individuals who did not go through the pretest 
B)  Defendants in a county court are allowed to choose whether or not they would like to participate in a study to determine the effectiveness of a new diversion program 
C)  Inmates in a prison are aware that they are part of a study on prison violence and modify their behavior as a result of this awareness 
D)  Inmates in a prison are participating in two research studies and are simultaneously exposed to two different experimental interventions

Question 5

The "evidence" in evidence-based criminology refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  information obtained from witnesses to the crime. 
B)  fingerprints found at the crime scene. 
C)  experimental scientific findings. 
D)  social discussions. 
A)  information obtained from witnesses to the crime. 
B)  fingerprints found at the crime scene. 
C)  experimental scientific findings. 
D)  social discussions.

Question 6

Match between columns
                        Premises: Statistical regression
Maturation
Instrumentation
Reactivity
History
Differential selection
Multiple-treatment interference
Experimenter bias
Pretest effects
Experimental mortality
Self-selection

Accepted Answer

The Answer of Prior to experiencing a treatment, subjects in is...

Question 7

_____________ is the process by which a concept is made measurable or a simple hypothesis is turned into one that is testable.

Accepted Answer

A)  Operationalization 
B)  Theory building 
C)  Variable development 
D)  Pure research 
A)  Operationalization 
B)  Theory building 
C)  Variable development 
D)  Pure research

Question 8

A(n) ______ is an explanation that accounts for a set of facts and that can be tested by further investigation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A(n) ______ is an explanation that accounts...

Question 9

Ideally, criminological research should have an impact on politicians who formulate crime control ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Ideally, criminological research should have an impact...

Question 10

The best way to control the effects of biases is to be aware of them at the start of the research.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

A one-group pretest-posttest research design eliminates all other possible explanations of behavioral change.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

You are interested in determining whether allowing prison inmates to have televisions in their cells will reduce violent behavior. You measure the rate of violence in the prison, install televisions in all cells, and then measure the rate of violence again one month later to see if there has been any change. What research design have you used?

Accepted Answer

A)  A controlled experiment 
B)  A one-group pretest-posttest design 
C)  A quasi-experiment 
D)  A life history 
A)  A controlled experiment 
B)  A one-group pretest-posttest design 
C)  A quasi-experiment 
D)  A life history

Question 13

A(n) ____ is tested by how well it describes and predicts reality.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A(n) ____ is tested by how well...

Question 14

Match between columns
                        Premises: Disclaimers/limitations
Statement of hypothesis
List of references
Review of existing literature
Abstract

Accepted Answer

The Answer of A discussion of relevant works of other is...

Question 15

In a research report, a discussion of relevant previous research is usually found in the section ___________.

Accepted Answer

review of

Question 16

Match between columns
                        Premises: Participant observation
Self-reporting
Case studies
Secondary analysis
Surveys

Accepted Answer

The Answer of An in-depth investigation into a single subject is...

Question 17

Because the Minneapolis Domestic Violence Experiment had a major impact on police policy, the National Institute of Justice decided to see if the same results would be found if the study was conducted in other cities around the U.S. This is an example of the issue of

Accepted Answer

A)  replicability. 
B)  intersubjectivity. 
C)  reactivity. 
D)  instrumentation. 
A)  replicability. 
B)  intersubjectivity. 
C)  reactivity. 
D)  instrumentation.

Question 18

Which submission requirement tends to be the same for all professional refereed journals?

Accepted Answer

A)  The style of the references 
B)  The method of submission 
C)  A prohibition on simultaneous submissions 
D)  The amount of the submission fee 
A)  The style of the references 
B)  The method of submission 
C)  A prohibition on simultaneous submissions 
D)  The amount of the submission fee

Question 19

Evidence-based criminology is founded on the ___________ method.

Accepted Answer

experiment

Question 20

Explain how theory building develops in the field and contributes to social policy in criminology. Please provide examples.

Accepted Answer

While examples will vary, all answers sh

What is a theory? What is the role of theories in the field of criminology?

Because research subjects generally do not know that they are being studied, secondary analysis is said to be __________.

A theory is tested by how well it describes and predicts reality.

Which of the following threats to external validity is an example of the problem of reactive effects of experiment arrangements?

The "evidence" in evidence-based criminology refers to

_____________ is the process by which a concept is made measurable or a simple hypothesis is turned into one that is testable.

A(n) ______ is an explanation that accounts for a set of facts and that can be tested by further investigation.

Ideally, criminological research should have an impact on politicians who formulate crime control ________.

The best way to control the effects of biases is to be aware of them at the start of the research.

A one-group pretest-posttest research design eliminates all other possible explanations of behavioral change.

A(n) ____ is tested by how well it describes and predicts reality.

In a research report, a discussion of relevant previous research is usually found in the section ___________.

Because the Minneapolis Domestic Violence Experiment had a major impact on police policy, the National Institute of Justice decided to see if the same results would be found if the study was conducted in other cities around the U.S. This is an example of the issue of

Which submission requirement tends to be the same for all professional refereed journals?

Evidence-based criminology is founded on the ___________ method.

Explain how theory building develops in the field and contributes to social policy in criminology. Please provide examples.

What is Criminology?

Classical and Neoclassical Thought

Early Biological Perspectives on Criminal Behavior

Biosocial and Other Contemporary Perspectives

Psychological and Psychiatric Foundations of Criminal Behavior

Social Structure Theories

Theories of Social Process and Social Development

Social Conflict Theories

Criminal Victimization

Crimes Against Persons

Crimes Against Property

White-Collar and Organized Crime

Drug and Sex Crimes

Technology and Crime

Globalization and Terrorism

Filters

Exam 2: Where Do Theories Come From

What is a theory? What is the role of theories in the field of criminology?

Because research subjects generally do not know that they are being studied, secondary analysis is said to be __________.

A theory is tested by how well it describes and predicts reality.

Which of the following threats to external validity is an example of the problem of reactive effects of experiment arrangements?

The "evidence" in evidence-based criminology refers to

_____________ is the process by which a concept is made measurable or a simple hypothesis is turned into one that is testable.

A(n) ______ is an explanation that accounts for a set of facts and that can be tested by further investigation.

Ideally, criminological research should have an impact on politicians who formulate crime control ________.

The best way to control the effects of biases is to be aware of them at the start of the research.

A one-group pretest-posttest research design eliminates all other possible explanations of behavioral change.

A(n) ____ is tested by how well it describes and predicts reality.

In a research report, a discussion of relevant previous research is usually found in the section ___________.

Because the Minneapolis Domestic Violence Experiment had a major impact on police policy, the National Institute of Justice decided to see if the same results would be found if the study was conducted in other cities around the U.S. This is an example of the issue of

Which submission requirement tends to be the same for all professional refereed journals?

Evidence-based criminology is founded on the ___________ method.

Explain how theory building develops in the field and contributes to social policy in criminology. Please provide examples.

What is Criminology?

Classical and Neoclassical Thought

Early Biological Perspectives on Criminal Behavior

Biosocial and Other Contemporary Perspectives

Psychological and Psychiatric Foundations of Criminal Behavior

Social Structure Theories

Theories of Social Process and Social Development

Social Conflict Theories

Criminal Victimization

Crimes Against Persons

Crimes Against Property

White-Collar and Organized Crime

Drug and Sex Crimes

Technology and Crime

Globalization and Terrorism

Filters