Exam 16: toward a New Heaven and a New Earth: the Scientific Revolution and the Emergence of Modern Science

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Does Newton deserve to be considered the most significant figure from the Scientific Revolution, why or why not?

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Isaac Newton certainly deserves to be considered one of the most significant figures from the Scientific Revolution, if not the most significant. His contributions to mathematics, physics, and astronomy laid the foundation for modern science and our understanding of the natural world.

Newton's most famous work, "Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica" (Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy), revolutionized the field of physics with his laws of motion and universal gravitation. These laws provided a framework for understanding the motion of objects on Earth and in space, and they have been essential in the development of modern physics and engineering.

In addition to his work in physics, Newton also made significant contributions to mathematics, particularly in the development of calculus. His work laid the groundwork for the development of this important branch of mathematics, which is essential for understanding many scientific and engineering concepts.

Furthermore, Newton's discoveries and theories in optics and astronomy also had a profound impact on our understanding of the universe. His work on the nature of light and the development of the reflecting telescope helped to advance our understanding of the cosmos and laid the foundation for future discoveries in astronomy.

While there were certainly other important figures in the Scientific Revolution, such as Galileo Galilei and Johannes Kepler, Newton's comprehensive and groundbreaking contributions to multiple fields of science make him a standout figure. His work not only advanced human understanding of the natural world but also laid the foundation for the scientific and technological advancements that followed. Therefore, it is fair to consider Newton as the most significant figure from the Scientific Revolution.

For Spinoza, the failure to understand God led to

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Galileo was convicted of heresy and sentenced to house arrest for life in 1633 for

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E

Because of the scientific successes and accomplishments of such women as Margaret Cavendish, Maria Merian, and Maria Winkelmann, most male scientists agreed, though reluctantly, that females had the same intellectual abilities as males.

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Descartes believed that the world could be understood by

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IDENTIFICATIONS -"I think therefore I am"

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IDENTIFICATIONS -the Inquisition

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Among the following, who is not associated with major changes in sixteenth and seventeenth-century scientific research?

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Concerning the first important scientific societies, the French Academy differed from the English Royal Society in the former's

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Galileo's Dialogue on the Two World Systems was really an attempt to

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IDENTIFICATIONS -Andreas Vesalius

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The scientist whose work led to the law that states that the volume of a gas varies with the pressure exerted upon it and who argued that matter is composed of atoms, later known as the chemical elements, was

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Copernicus's major book was titled

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IDENTIFICATIONS -Maria Winkelmann

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IDENTIFICATIONS -William Harvey

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IDENTIFICATIONS -The Starry Messenger

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What was the name of Descartes' book that expounded his theories about the universe?

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IDENTIFICATIONS -Pensees

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How did women contribute to the beginnings of modern science? How did male scientists view women and female scientists?

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Benedict de Spinoza

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