Exam 7: Comparative Advantage and the Gains From International Trade

Examples of comparative advantage often begin with two countries that each produce the same two goods.Each country is then shown to have a comparative advantage in producing the good it can produce at a lower opportunity cost,and specializes in the production of the good for which it has a comparative advantage.How do these examples prove that both nations are made better off as a result of trade than they would be without trade?

A quota is a numerical limit on the quantity of a good that can be imported.

Table 7-3 Mateo and Celeste produce custom saddles and spurs.Table 7-3 lists the number of saddles and pairs of spurs Mateo and Celeste can each produce in one month. -Refer to Table 7-3.Select the statement that accurately interprets the data in the table.

Figure 7-3 Since 1953 the United States has imposed a quota to limit the imports of peanuts.Figure 7-3 illustrates the impact of the quota. -Refer to Figure 7-3.What is the value of revenue to foreign producers who are granted permission to sell in the U.S.market when there is a quota?

Figure 7-4 -Refer to Figure 7-4.Suppose the U.S.government imposes a $0.25 per pound tariff on rice imports.Figure 7-4 shows the demand and supply curves for rice and the impact of this tariff.Use the figure to answer questions a-i. a.Following the imposition of the tariff,what is the price that domestic consumers must now pay and what is the quantity purchased? b.Calculate the value of consumer surplus with the tariff in place. c.What is the quantity supplied by domestic rice growers with the tariff in place? d.Calculate the value of producer surplus received by U.S.rice growers with the tariff in place. e.What is the quantity of rice imported with the tariff in place? f.What is the amount of tariff revenue collected by the government? g.The tariff has reduced consumer surplus.Calculate the loss in consumer surplus due to the tariff. h.What portion of the consumer surplus loss is redistributed to domestic producers? To the government? i.Calculate the deadweight loss due to the tariff.

Figure 7-1 Figure 7-1 shows the U.S.demand and supply for leather footwear. -Refer to Figure 7-1.Suppose the government allows imports of leather footwear into the United States.The market price falls to $24.What area represents consumer surplus?

A tariff is the same as a quota.

A quota

Table 7-1 Rob Crusoe and Bill Friday spent their week-long vacation on a desert island where they had to find and make their own food.Rob and Bill spent one day each fishing and picking berries.The table lists the pounds of output Rob and Bill produced. -Refer to Table 7-1.Use the table above to select the statement that accurately interprets the data in the table.

The "Buy American" provision in the 2009 stimulus package required that stimulus money be spent only on U.S.-made goods,effectively acting as a quota of zero imports when stimulus money was being spent.For the U.S.steel industry,a "Buy American" provision would create gains for all of the following except

Figure 7-2 Suppose the U.S.government imposes a $0.75 per pound tariff on coffee imports.Figure 7-2 shows the impact of this tariff. -Refer to Figure 7-2.With the tariff in place,the United States produces

Table 7-1 Rob Crusoe and Bill Friday spent their week-long vacation on a desert island where they had to find and make their own food.Rob and Bill spent one day each fishing and picking berries.The table lists the pounds of output Rob and Bill produced. -Refer to Table 7-1.Use the table above to select the statement that accurately interprets the data in the table.

Table 7-6 Production and Consumption Production Without Trade With Trade Estonia and Morocco can produce both swords and belts.Table 7-6 shows the production and consumption quantities without trade,and the production numbers with trade. -Refer to Table 7-6.If the actual terms of trade are 1 belt for 1.5 swords and 70 belts are traded,how many belts will Estonia gain compared to the "without trade" numbers?

In the real world we don't observe countries completely specializing in the production of goods for which they have a comparative advantage.All of the following are reasons for this except

Figure 7-3 Since 1953 the United States has imposed a quota to limit the imports of peanuts.Figure 7-3 illustrates the impact of the quota. -Refer to Figure 7-3.If there was no quota,how many pounds of peanuts would domestic producers supply?

Domestic producers require time to gain experience and lower their unit costs; this will allow these producers to compete successfully in international markets.This statement describes the ________ argument for protectionism.

The 1994 agreement that eliminated most tariffs among the United States,Canada,and Mexico is known as

Twenty-seven countries in Europe have formed the European Union (EU).After the EU was formed it

A voluntary export restraint is an agreement negotiated by two countries that places ________ that can be imported by one country from another country.

Figure 7-3 Since 1953 the United States has imposed a quota to limit the imports of peanuts.Figure 7-3 illustrates the impact of the quota. -Refer to Figure 7-3.What is the value of domestic producer surplus without a quota?