Question 1

A container of hydrogen gas has the same temperature as a container of denser oxygen gas. The gas atoms having the greater average kinetic energy are the

Accepted Answer

A) hydrogen, 
B) oxygen, 
C) both the same,
While the gas atoms having the greater average velocity are the 
D) hydrogen. 
E) oxygen.
F)both the same. 
A) hydrogen, 
B) oxygen, 
C) both the same,
While the gas atoms having the greater average velocity are the 
D) hydrogen. 
E) oxygen.
F)both the same.

Question 2

A projectile is launched vertically upward at 40 m/s. If air resistance is negligible, its speed upon returning to its starting point is

Accepted Answer

A) less than 40 m/s. 
B) 40 m/s. 
C) more than 40 m/s.
All along the ball's trajectory, its acceleration is 
D) g downward. 
E) g at an angle.
F)zero.
If air resistance does affect motion, then the ball's speed upon returning to its starting point is
G)less than 50 m/s.
H)50 m/s.
I)more than 50 m/s. 
A) less than 40 m/s. 
B) 40 m/s. 
C) more than 40 m/s.
All along the ball's trajectory, its acceleration is 
D) g downward. 
E) g at an angle.
F)zero.
If air resistance does affect motion, then the ball's speed upon returning to its starting point is
G)less than 50 m/s.
H)50 m/s.
I)more than 50 m/s.

Question 3

Figure A-1
  
-Refer to the figure above. Assuming that all transitions between levels are possible, how many spectral lines will this atom exhibit?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 5
The spectral line of highest frequency will result from an electron transition from n = 3 to
F)n = 2.
G)n = 1.
H)either, if the levels are equidistant. 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 5
The spectral line of highest frequency will result from an electron transition from n = 3 to
F)n = 2.
G)n = 1.
H)either, if the levels are equidistant.

Question 4

A golf ball moving forward with 1 unit of momentum strikes a heavy bowling ball that is initially at rest. After the golf ball bounces backward, the bowling ball is in motion with a momentum that must be

Accepted Answer

A) 1 unit. 
B) more than 1 unit. 
C) less than 1 unit.
The magnitude of the golf ball's momentum after collision must be somewhat less than 1 unit, for otherwise a violation would occur in the conservation of 
D) energy. 
E) momentum.
F)both.
G)neither. 
A) 1 unit. 
B) more than 1 unit. 
C) less than 1 unit.
The magnitude of the golf ball's momentum after collision must be somewhat less than 1 unit, for otherwise a violation would occur in the conservation of 
D) energy. 
E) momentum.
F)both.
G)neither.

Question 5

If a battleship in a canal lock sinks, the water level in the canal will

Accepted Answer

A) rise. 
B) fall. 
C) remain unchanged.
In the submerged condition, the amount of water displaced is equal to the battleship's 
D) weight. 
E) volume.
F)density. 
A) rise. 
B) fall. 
C) remain unchanged.
In the submerged condition, the amount of water displaced is equal to the battleship's 
D) weight. 
E) volume.
F)density.

Question 6

If the mass of Earth somehow increased with no change in radius, your weight would

Accepted Answer

A) increase also. 
B) decrease. 
C) remain the same.
If instead, both Earth's mass and its radius doubled, your weight at Earth's surface would be 
D) half before the changes. 
E) the same as before the changes.
F)twice.
G)four times greater. 
A) increase also. 
B) decrease. 
C) remain the same.
If instead, both Earth's mass and its radius doubled, your weight at Earth's surface would be 
D) half before the changes. 
E) the same as before the changes.
F)twice.
G)four times greater.

Question 7

For three identical lamps in parallel with a 1.5-volt dry cell, the voltage across the lower lamp is

Accepted Answer

A) 1/2 V. 
B) 1 V. 
C) 1)5 V. 
D) 3 V.
If that lamp is disconnected, the other two lamps will 
E) glow the same.
F)glow much more brightly.
G)glow much more dimly. 
A) 1/2 V. 
B) 1 V. 
C) 1)5 V. 
D) 3 V.
If that lamp is disconnected, the other two lamps will 
E) glow the same.
F)glow much more brightly.
G)glow much more dimly.

Question 8

Figure V-7
  
-The boat to make the fastest progress in its forward direction is boat

Accepted Answer

A) 1. 
B) 2. 
C) 3. 
D) 4.
Boat 3 is not propelled in a forward direction because 
E) the wind does not make impact with the sail.
F)there is no component of force parallel to the keel.
G)of air resistance on the front of the sail.
H)But it is propelled in a forward direction! 
A) 1. 
B) 2. 
C) 3. 
D) 4.
Boat 3 is not propelled in a forward direction because 
E) the wind does not make impact with the sail.
F)there is no component of force parallel to the keel.
G)of air resistance on the front of the sail.
H)But it is propelled in a forward direction!

Question 9

A ray of light is incident on a pane of common window glass at an angle of 35° to the normal. The angle of the reflected ray with respect to the normal is

Accepted Answer

A) 35° 
B) 55° 
C) 90° 
D) 20°
And the refracted ray within the glass may be at an angle of 
E) 35°.
F)55°.
G)22°.
H)75°. 
A) 35° 
B) 55° 
C) 90° 
D) 20°
And the refracted ray within the glass may be at an angle of 
E) 35°.
F)55°.
G)22°.
H)75°.

Question 10

An open freight car rolls friction free along a horizontal track in a pouring rain that falls vertically. As water accumulates in the car, the car's speed

Accepted Answer

A) increases. 
B) decreases. 
C) remains the same.
This is best explained by the principle of 
D) inertia. 
E) momentum conservation.
F)energy conservation.
G)Newton's 2nd law. 
A) increases. 
B) decreases. 
C) remains the same.
This is best explained by the principle of 
D) inertia. 
E) momentum conservation.
F)energy conservation.
G)Newton's 2nd law.

Question 11

Figure E/M-4
  
-Refer to the figure above. Assume the switch in the primary has been closed for a few minutes. Then there is a current in the

Accepted Answer

A) primary, but not the secondary. 
B) secondary, but not the primary. 
C) primary and secondary. 
D) neither the primary nor the secondary.
When the switch is opened suddenly, current in the primary 
E) decreases, while current builds up in the secondary.
F)increases, while current decreases in the secondary. 
A) primary, but not the secondary. 
B) secondary, but not the primary. 
C) primary and secondary. 
D) neither the primary nor the secondary.
When the switch is opened suddenly, current in the primary 
E) decreases, while current builds up in the secondary.
F)increases, while current decreases in the secondary.

Question 12

A spear 10 meters long is thrown at a relativistic speed through a pipe that is 10 meters long (both these dimensions are measured when each is at rest). When the spear passes through the pipe, which of the following statements best describes what is observed?

Accepted Answer

A) The spear shrinks so that the pipe completely covers it at some point. 
B) The pipe shrinks so that the spear extends from both ends at some point. 
C) Both shrink equally so the pipe just barely covers the spear at some point. 
D) any of these, depending on the motion of the observer (moving with the spear, at rest with the pipe, etc.)
An observer fixed to the pipe would measure the mass of the spear to be greater than when at rest; an observer moving with the spear would measure the mass of the pipe to be 
E) more than when at rest.
F)less than when at rest.
G)the same as when at rest. 
A) The spear shrinks so that the pipe completely covers it at some point. 
B) The pipe shrinks so that the spear extends from both ends at some point. 
C) Both shrink equally so the pipe just barely covers the spear at some point. 
D) any of these, depending on the motion of the observer (moving with the spear, at rest with the pipe, etc.)
An observer fixed to the pipe would measure the mass of the spear to be greater than when at rest; an observer moving with the spear would measure the mass of the pipe to be 
E) more than when at rest.
F)less than when at rest.
G)the same as when at rest.

Question 13

When two lamps are connected in series to a battery, the electrical resistance that the battery senses is

Accepted Answer

A) more than the resistance of either lamp, 
B) less than the resistance of either lamp,
And when the same two lamps are connected in parallel to a battery, the electrical resistance that the battery senses is 
C) more than the resistance of either lamp. 
D) less than the resistance of either lamp. 
E) none of these 
A) more than the resistance of either lamp, 
B) less than the resistance of either lamp,
And when the same two lamps are connected in parallel to a battery, the electrical resistance that the battery senses is 
C) more than the resistance of either lamp. 
D) less than the resistance of either lamp. 
E) none of these

Question 14

Earth is closer to the Sun in winter than in summer. The orbital speed of Earth about the Sun is therefore faster during the

Accepted Answer

A) summer. 
B) winter. 
C) is the same for all seasons.
Correspondingly, the gravitational force between the Sun and Earth is strongest during 
D) summer 
E) winter
F)is the same for all seasons 
A) summer. 
B) winter. 
C) is the same for all seasons.
Correspondingly, the gravitational force between the Sun and Earth is strongest during 
D) summer 
E) winter
F)is the same for all seasons

Question 15

If an object is thrown downward from a tall cliff, its acceleration while falling (in the absence of air resistance)will be

Accepted Answer

A) less than 10 m/s2. 
B) 10 m/s2. 
C) greater than 10 m/s2.
This is evident from the fact that 
D) gravitational force depends upon the state of motion of an object. 
E) each successive second the speed of the object increases by an additional 10 m/s.
F)the object was not simply dropped but thrown, therefore having an initial acceleration of fall greater than zero. 
A) less than 10 m/s2. 
B) 10 m/s2. 
C) greater than 10 m/s2.
This is evident from the fact that 
D) gravitational force depends upon the state of motion of an object. 
E) each successive second the speed of the object increases by an additional 10 m/s.
F)the object was not simply dropped but thrown, therefore having an initial acceleration of fall greater than zero.

Question 16

On cold days your bedroom window may get wet on the inside. This is because

Accepted Answer

A) the air near the glass becomes saturated. 
B) a change in phase from gas to liquid occurs. 
C) H2O molecules release energy when they liquify on the glass. 
D) fast-moving H2O molecules slow down and condense when they encounter the cold glass.
If the air in the room were colder than the air outside, then quite likely 
E) the glass would be even wetter.
F)no wetness would occur.
G)the glass would be wet (or frosty)on the outside surface.
H)none of the above. 
A) the air near the glass becomes saturated. 
B) a change in phase from gas to liquid occurs. 
C) H2O molecules release energy when they liquify on the glass. 
D) fast-moving H2O molecules slow down and condense when they encounter the cold glass.
If the air in the room were colder than the air outside, then quite likely 
E) the glass would be even wetter.
F)no wetness would occur.
G)the glass would be wet (or frosty)on the outside surface.
H)none of the above.

Question 17

Figure A-1
  
-Refer to the figure above. Suppose that an electron makes a transition from n = 3 to n = 2 and emits a photon of frequency 4 × 1014 Hz. Then an electron that makes a transition from n = 3 to n = 1 may emit a photon with a frequency of

Accepted Answer

A) 1 × 1014 Hz, 
B) 3 × 1014 Hz, 
C) 4 × 1014 Hz, 
D) 9 × 1014 Hz,
Which is consistent with emission of the most energetic photon from a transition from n = 3 to 
E) n = 1.
F)n = 2.
G)either, as both transitions are equivalent. 
A) 1 × 1014 Hz, 
B) 3 × 1014 Hz, 
C) 4 × 1014 Hz, 
D) 9 × 1014 Hz,
Which is consistent with emission of the most energetic photon from a transition from n = 3 to 
E) n = 1.
F)n = 2.
G)either, as both transitions are equivalent.

Question 18

The thing that is different between x-rays and radio waves is

Accepted Answer

A) their charges, 
B) their masses, 
C) their frequencies, 
D) the medium through which they travel, 
E) the speeds at which they travel,
And the thing that is the same for x-rays and radio waves is
F)their masses.
G)their frequencies.
H)the medium through which they travel.
I)the speeds at which they travel.
10)none of these. 
A) their charges, 
B) their masses, 
C) their frequencies, 
D) the medium through which they travel, 
E) the speeds at which they travel,
And the thing that is the same for x-rays and radio waves is
F)their masses.
G)their frequencies.
H)the medium through which they travel.
I)the speeds at which they travel.
10)none of these.

Question 19

Figure A-4
  
-If the mass per nucleon in atomic nuclei varied as shown in the fictitious plot above, then nuclear energy would be available from the element iron (atomic no. 26)by the process of nuclear

Accepted Answer

A) fission. 
B) fusion. 
C) both. 
D) neither.
Accordingly, krypton (atomic no. 36)would yield energy by nuclear 
E) fission
F)fusion
G)both
H)neither
I)not enough information to say 
A) fission. 
B) fusion. 
C) both. 
D) neither.
Accordingly, krypton (atomic no. 36)would yield energy by nuclear 
E) fission
F)fusion
G)both
H)neither
I)not enough information to say

Question 20

Special relativity is most concerned with

Accepted Answer

A) uniform motion, 
B) accelerated motion, 
C) the warping of space-time, 
D) gravitation,
Whereas general relativity is more concerned with 
E) uniform motion.
F)accelerated motion.
G)energy and mass.
H)time. 
A) uniform motion, 
B) accelerated motion, 
C) the warping of space-time, 
D) gravitation,
Whereas general relativity is more concerned with 
E) uniform motion.
F)accelerated motion.
G)energy and mass.
H)time.

Exam 37: Systems of Measurement

A container of hydrogen gas has the same temperature as a container of denser oxygen gas. The gas atoms having the greater average kinetic energy are the

A projectile is launched vertically upward at 40 m/s. If air resistance is negligible, its speed upon returning to its starting point is

Figure A-1 -Refer to the figure above. Assuming that all transitions between levels are possible, how many spectral lines will this atom exhibit?

A golf ball moving forward with 1 unit of momentum strikes a heavy bowling ball that is initially at rest. After the golf ball bounces backward, the bowling ball is in motion with a momentum that must be

If a battleship in a canal lock sinks, the water level in the canal will

If the mass of Earth somehow increased with no change in radius, your weight would

For three identical lamps in parallel with a 1.5-volt dry cell, the voltage across the lower lamp is

Figure V-7 -The boat to make the fastest progress in its forward direction is boat

A ray of light is incident on a pane of common window glass at an angle of 35° to the normal. The angle of the reflected ray with respect to the normal is

An open freight car rolls friction free along a horizontal track in a pouring rain that falls vertically. As water accumulates in the car, the car's speed

Figure E/M-4 -Refer to the figure above. Assume the switch in the primary has been closed for a few minutes. Then there is a current in the

A spear 10 meters long is thrown at a relativistic speed through a pipe that is 10 meters long (both these dimensions are measured when each is at rest). When the spear passes through the pipe, which of the following statements best describes what is observed?

When two lamps are connected in series to a battery, the electrical resistance that the battery senses is

Earth is closer to the Sun in winter than in summer. The orbital speed of Earth about the Sun is therefore faster during the

If an object is thrown downward from a tall cliff, its acceleration while falling (in the absence of air resistance)will be

On cold days your bedroom window may get wet on the inside. This is because

Figure A-1 -Refer to the figure above. Suppose that an electron makes a transition from n = 3 to n = 2 and emits a photon of frequency 4 × 1014 Hz. Then an electron that makes a transition from n = 3 to n = 1 may emit a photon with a frequency of

The thing that is different between x-rays and radio waves is

Figure A-4 -If the mass per nucleon in atomic nuclei varied as shown in the fictitious plot above, then nuclear energy would be available from the element iron (atomic no. 26)by the process of nuclear

Special relativity is most concerned with

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Figure A-1 -Refer to the figure above. Suppose that an electron makes a transition from n = 3 to n = 2 and emits a photon of frequency 4 × 10¹⁴ Hz. Then an electron that makes a transition from n = 3 to n = 1 may emit a photon with a frequency of