Exam 4: Exponential and Logarithmic Functions

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Write Write   as a single logarithm with a coefficient of 1. Assume all variable expressions represent positive real numbers. as a single logarithm with a coefficient of 1. Assume all variable expressions represent positive real numbers.

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Find the inverse function informally Find the inverse function informally   Verify that   and  Verify that Find the inverse function informally   Verify that   and  and Find the inverse function informally   Verify that   and

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The average monthly sales The average monthly sales   (in billions of dollars) in retail trade in the United States from 1996 to 2005 can be approximated by the model     where   represents the year, with   corresponding to 1996.Estimate the year in which the average monthly sales first exceeded $330 billion. (in billions of dollars) in retail trade in the United States from 1996 to 2005 can be approximated by the model The average monthly sales   (in billions of dollars) in retail trade in the United States from 1996 to 2005 can be approximated by the model     where   represents the year, with   corresponding to 1996.Estimate the year in which the average monthly sales first exceeded $330 billion. The average monthly sales   (in billions of dollars) in retail trade in the United States from 1996 to 2005 can be approximated by the model     where   represents the year, with   corresponding to 1996.Estimate the year in which the average monthly sales first exceeded $330 billion. where The average monthly sales   (in billions of dollars) in retail trade in the United States from 1996 to 2005 can be approximated by the model     where   represents the year, with   corresponding to 1996.Estimate the year in which the average monthly sales first exceeded $330 billion. represents the year, with The average monthly sales   (in billions of dollars) in retail trade in the United States from 1996 to 2005 can be approximated by the model     where   represents the year, with   corresponding to 1996.Estimate the year in which the average monthly sales first exceeded $330 billion. corresponding to 1996.Estimate the year in which the average monthly sales first exceeded $330 billion.

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Use the functions given by Use the functions given by   and   to find the composition of functions  and Use the functions given by   and   to find the composition of functions  to find the composition of functions Use the functions given by   and   to find the composition of functions

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Apply the Inverse Property of logarithmic or exponential functions to simplify the expression below. Apply the Inverse Property of logarithmic or exponential functions to simplify the expression below.

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Solve for Solve for    Solve for

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Use a calculator to evaluate Use a calculator to evaluate   Round your result to three decimal places. Round your result to three decimal places.

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Rewrite the logarithmic equation Rewrite the logarithmic equation   in exponential form. in exponential form.

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Find the domain of the function Find the domain of the function

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Approximate the solution of Approximate the solution of   to 3 decimal places.(You may use a graphing utility.) to 3 decimal places.(You may use a graphing utility.)

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How long will it take $10,000 to quadruple if it is invested in a savings account that pays 5.5% annual interest compounded continuously? Round to the nearest year.

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Find the vertical asymptote of the logarithmic function below. Find the vertical asymptote of the logarithmic function below.

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Evaluate the expression below.Round your results to three decimal places. Evaluate the expression below.Round your results to three decimal places.

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Solve for x: Solve for x:   Round to 3 decimal places. Round to 3 decimal places.

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You take a three-pound package of steaks out of the freezer at 11 A.M.and place it in the refrigerator.Assume that the refrigerator temperature is You take a three-pound package of steaks out of the freezer at 11 A.M.and place it in the refrigerator.Assume that the refrigerator temperature is   and that the freezer temperature is   Use the formula for Newton's Law of Cooling   where   is the time in hours (with   corresponding to 12 P.M.) and   is the temperature of the package of steaks (in degrees Fahrenheit).Find the time when the steaks will thaw (or reach   ). and that the freezer temperature is You take a three-pound package of steaks out of the freezer at 11 A.M.and place it in the refrigerator.Assume that the refrigerator temperature is   and that the freezer temperature is   Use the formula for Newton's Law of Cooling   where   is the time in hours (with   corresponding to 12 P.M.) and   is the temperature of the package of steaks (in degrees Fahrenheit).Find the time when the steaks will thaw (or reach   ). Use the formula for Newton's Law of Cooling You take a three-pound package of steaks out of the freezer at 11 A.M.and place it in the refrigerator.Assume that the refrigerator temperature is   and that the freezer temperature is   Use the formula for Newton's Law of Cooling   where   is the time in hours (with   corresponding to 12 P.M.) and   is the temperature of the package of steaks (in degrees Fahrenheit).Find the time when the steaks will thaw (or reach   ). where You take a three-pound package of steaks out of the freezer at 11 A.M.and place it in the refrigerator.Assume that the refrigerator temperature is   and that the freezer temperature is   Use the formula for Newton's Law of Cooling   where   is the time in hours (with   corresponding to 12 P.M.) and   is the temperature of the package of steaks (in degrees Fahrenheit).Find the time when the steaks will thaw (or reach   ). is the time in hours (with You take a three-pound package of steaks out of the freezer at 11 A.M.and place it in the refrigerator.Assume that the refrigerator temperature is   and that the freezer temperature is   Use the formula for Newton's Law of Cooling   where   is the time in hours (with   corresponding to 12 P.M.) and   is the temperature of the package of steaks (in degrees Fahrenheit).Find the time when the steaks will thaw (or reach   ). corresponding to 12 P.M.) and You take a three-pound package of steaks out of the freezer at 11 A.M.and place it in the refrigerator.Assume that the refrigerator temperature is   and that the freezer temperature is   Use the formula for Newton's Law of Cooling   where   is the time in hours (with   corresponding to 12 P.M.) and   is the temperature of the package of steaks (in degrees Fahrenheit).Find the time when the steaks will thaw (or reach   ). is the temperature of the package of steaks (in degrees Fahrenheit).Find the time when the steaks will thaw (or reach You take a three-pound package of steaks out of the freezer at 11 A.M.and place it in the refrigerator.Assume that the refrigerator temperature is   and that the freezer temperature is   Use the formula for Newton's Law of Cooling   where   is the time in hours (with   corresponding to 12 P.M.) and   is the temperature of the package of steaks (in degrees Fahrenheit).Find the time when the steaks will thaw (or reach   ). ).

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The table below shows the cost The table below shows the cost   (in millions of dollars) of a 30-second ad during the Super Bowl for several years from 1987 to 2006.   Use the regression feature of a graphing utility to find an exponential model for the data.Predict the cost of a 30-second ad during the Super Bowl in 2012.Round to the nearest ten thousand. (in millions of dollars) of a 30-second ad during the Super Bowl for several years from 1987 to 2006. The table below shows the cost   (in millions of dollars) of a 30-second ad during the Super Bowl for several years from 1987 to 2006.   Use the regression feature of a graphing utility to find an exponential model for the data.Predict the cost of a 30-second ad during the Super Bowl in 2012.Round to the nearest ten thousand. Use the regression feature of a graphing utility to find an exponential model for the data.Predict the cost of a 30-second ad during the Super Bowl in 2012.Round to the nearest ten thousand.

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Approximate the solution to Approximate the solution to   Round to 3 decimal places. Round to 3 decimal places.

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Sketch the graph of the function Sketch the graph of the function

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The number of certain type of bacteria increases according to the model The number of certain type of bacteria increases according to the model   where t is time (in hours)  a.Find P(0). B.Find P(5). C.Find P(10). D.Find P(24).  where t is time (in hours) a.Find P(0). B.Find P(5). C.Find P(10). D.Find P(24).

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Use the functions given by Use the functions given by   and   to find the value  and Use the functions given by   and   to find the value  to find the value Use the functions given by   and   to find the value

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