Question 1

Explain some important policy measures that you would expect to reduce excessive rural-urban migration. Explain.

Accepted Answer

Students may mention various types of traditional-sector enrichment strategies.

Question 2

Discuss the importance of rural-urban migration as a source of urban population growth in various parts of the developing world, being as specific as you can.

Accepted Answer

Discussed in the chapter.

Question 3

Why is urban giantism less prevalent in mature democracies?

Accepted Answer

The student is asked to draw on the political economy explanation whereby autocratic regimes must satisfy the demands of the urban masses to avoid political unrest (the Ades and Glaeser argument).

Question 4

Even though women often constitute the majority of the rural-urban migrants in a country, they usually still remain employed in the informal sector. Why? What are the consequences of this?

Accepted Answer

Men tend to dominate the formal sector t

Question 5

An argument supporting promotion of the urban informal sector is

Accepted Answer

A) the formal sector is incapable of providing enough employment. 
B) informal sector workers are poorly educated. 
C) it uses a relatively high capital intensity. 
D)  it would reduce urban bias. 
A) the formal sector is incapable of providing enough employment. 
B) informal sector workers are poorly educated. 
C) it uses a relatively high capital intensity. 
D)  it would reduce urban bias.

Question 6

What are the characteristics of those who migrate to urban areas? What positive and negative effects does their leaving have on those who remain?

Accepted Answer

Younger, better educated, and probably l

Question 7

Rural-urban migrants differ from the rest of the rural population in that they are more likely to be

Accepted Answer

A) well educated. 
B) poor. 
C) female. 
D)  All of the above. 
A) well educated. 
B) poor. 
C) female. 
D)  All of the above.

Question 8

According to the United Nations Millennium Development Goals Report, the annual growth in percentage terms of the slum population from 1990-2001 has been the largest in:

Accepted Answer

A) Latin America and the Carribean 
B) South-East Asia 
C) Sub-Saharan Africa 
D)  Southern Asia 
A) Latin America and the Carribean 
B) South-East Asia 
C) Sub-Saharan Africa 
D)  Southern Asia

Question 9

Describe some of the benefits and costs associated with the emergence of large cities in developing countries.

Accepted Answer

Benefits include the ability to learn fr

Question 10

Other things constant, the elimination of factor price distortions in developing countries would?most likely

Accepted Answer

A) decrease rural-urban migration. 
B) have little effect on rural-urban migration. 
C) increase rural-urban migration. 
D)  increase urbanization. 
A) decrease rural-urban migration. 
B) have little effect on rural-urban migration. 
C) increase rural-urban migration. 
D)  increase urbanization.

Question 11

Describe some of the causes of urban giantism in developing countries.

Accepted Answer

The hub-and-spoke transportation system,

Question 12

Suppose the rural wage is $1 per day. Urban modern sector employment can be obtained with 0.5 probability and pays $2 per day. Will there be any rural-urban migration? Explain your reasoning, stating explicitly any simplifying assumptions, and show all work.

Accepted Answer

In this case the expected urba

Question 13

Explain what is meant by urban bias. What are the major effects of urban bias?

Accepted Answer

Developing country policies that favor t

Question 14

The informal sector exhibits

Accepted Answer

A) free entry. 
B) labor intensive methods. 
C) small, competitive firms. 
D)  all of the above. 
A) free entry. 
B) labor intensive methods. 
C) small, competitive firms. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 15

Are developing-country cities too large, too small, or about right in size? Justify your answer with evidence from developing economies.

Accepted Answer

Too large. Cities are capital

Question 16

If the rural wage is 4 and the formal urban wage rate is 10, there will be rural to urban migration if the formal urban unemployment rate is

Accepted Answer

A) 50%. 
B) 60%. 
C) 70%. 
D)  all of the above. 
A) 50%. 
B) 60%. 
C) 70%. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 17

Explain why policies designed to reduce urban unemployment may not greatly reduce poverty in developing countries.

Accepted Answer

They may lead to more migratio

Question 18

Suppose that, for example, in India, a minimum wage is instituted in the modern sector above the market-clearing wage, while the rural traditional wage is market determined at a lower level than in the modern sector.
a.Describe the impact of this policy on the rural labor force, urban unemployment, and the rural wage.
b.Will the modern-sector wage be equal to the traditional-sector wage after markets equilibrate through migration? Explain.
c.What effect might moving costs have on the equilibrium you described in Part (b)?
d. What effect might the introduction of factories to rural areas have on the equilibrium you described in Part (b)?

Accepted Answer

a.Use of the Todaro model is called for

Question 19

What are the main features of the Harris-Todaro model of rural-urban migration?

Accepted Answer

Rational economic decision based on cost

Question 20

How could the removal of labor market distortions increase employment even if the elasticity of factor substitution is very low?

Accepted Answer

Reduce speculative r

Explain some important policy measures that you would expect to reduce excessive rural-urban migration. Explain.

Discuss the importance of rural-urban migration as a source of urban population growth in various parts of the developing world, being as specific as you can.

Why is urban giantism less prevalent in mature democracies?

Even though women often constitute the majority of the rural-urban migrants in a country, they usually still remain employed in the informal sector. Why? What are the consequences of this?

An argument supporting promotion of the urban informal sector is

What are the characteristics of those who migrate to urban areas? What positive and negative effects does their leaving have on those who remain?

Rural-urban migrants differ from the rest of the rural population in that they are more likely to be

According to the United Nations Millennium Development Goals Report, the annual growth in percentage terms of the slum population from 1990-2001 has been the largest in:

Describe some of the benefits and costs associated with the emergence of large cities in developing countries.

Other things constant, the elimination of factor price distortions in developing countries would?most likely

Describe some of the causes of urban giantism in developing countries.

Suppose the rural wage is $1 per day. Urban modern sector employment can be obtained with 0.5 probability and pays $2 per day. Will there be any rural-urban migration? Explain your reasoning, stating explicitly any simplifying assumptions, and show all work.

Explain what is meant by urban bias. What are the major effects of urban bias?

The informal sector exhibits

Are developing-country cities too large, too small, or about right in size? Justify your answer with evidence from developing economies.

If the rural wage is 4 and the formal urban wage rate is 10, there will be rural to urban migration if the formal urban unemployment rate is

Explain why policies designed to reduce urban unemployment may not greatly reduce poverty in developing countries.

What are the main features of the Harris-Todaro model of rural-urban migration?

How could the removal of labor market distortions increase employment even if the elasticity of factor substitution is very low?

Economics, Institutions, and Development: a Global Perspective

Comparative Economic Development

Classic Theories of Economic Growth and Development

Contemporary Models of Development and Underdevelopment

Poverty, Inequality, and Development

Population Growth and Economic Development: Causes, Consequences, and Controversies

Human Capital: Education and Health in Economic Development

Agricultural Transformation and Rural Development

The Environment and Development

Development Policymaking and the Roles of Market, State, and Civil Society

International Trade Theory and Development Strategy

Balance of Payments, Developing-Country Debt, and the Macroeconomic Stabilization Controversy

Foreign Finance, Investment, and Aid: Controversies and Opportunities

Finance and Fiscal Policy for Development

Some Critical Issues for the Twenty-First Century

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Exam 7: Urbanization and Ruralurban Migration: Theory and Policy

Explain some important policy measures that you would expect to reduce excessive rural-urban migration. Explain.

Discuss the importance of rural-urban migration as a source of urban population growth in various parts of the developing world, being as specific as you can.

Why is urban giantism less prevalent in mature democracies?

Even though women often constitute the majority of the rural-urban migrants in a country, they usually still remain employed in the informal sector. Why? What are the consequences of this?

An argument supporting promotion of the urban informal sector is

What are the characteristics of those who migrate to urban areas? What positive and negative effects does their leaving have on those who remain?

Rural-urban migrants differ from the rest of the rural population in that they are more likely to be

According to the United Nations Millennium Development Goals Report, the annual growth in percentage terms of the slum population from 1990-2001 has been the largest in:

Describe some of the benefits and costs associated with the emergence of large cities in developing countries.

Other things constant, the elimination of factor price distortions in developing countries would?most likely

Describe some of the causes of urban giantism in developing countries.

Suppose the rural wage is $1 per day. Urban modern sector employment can be obtained with 0.5 probability and pays $2 per day. Will there be any rural-urban migration? Explain your reasoning, stating explicitly any simplifying assumptions, and show all work.

Explain what is meant by urban bias. What are the major effects of urban bias?

The informal sector exhibits

Are developing-country cities too large, too small, or about right in size? Justify your answer with evidence from developing economies.

If the rural wage is 4 and the formal urban wage rate is 10, there will be rural to urban migration if the formal urban unemployment rate is

Explain why policies designed to reduce urban unemployment may not greatly reduce poverty in developing countries.

What are the main features of the Harris-Todaro model of rural-urban migration?

How could the removal of labor market distortions increase employment even if the elasticity of factor substitution is very low?

Economics, Institutions, and Development: a Global Perspective

Comparative Economic Development

Classic Theories of Economic Growth and Development

Contemporary Models of Development and Underdevelopment

Poverty, Inequality, and Development

Population Growth and Economic Development: Causes, Consequences, and Controversies

Human Capital: Education and Health in Economic Development

Agricultural Transformation and Rural Development

The Environment and Development

Development Policymaking and the Roles of Market, State, and Civil Society

International Trade Theory and Development Strategy

Balance of Payments, Developing-Country Debt, and the Macroeconomic Stabilization Controversy

Foreign Finance, Investment, and Aid: Controversies and Opportunities

Finance and Fiscal Policy for Development

Some Critical Issues for the Twenty-First Century

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