Question 1

A measure of the size of an effect in a population is called

Accepted Answer

A) significance 
B) probability 
C) power 
D) effect size 
A) significance 
B) probability 
C) power 
D) effect size

Question 2

A researcher tests a hypothesis to prove whether or not his or her hypothesis is correct.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

One step to hypothesis testing is to set the criteria for a decision.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

In Step 2 of hypothesis testing,researchers state a level of significance to minimize the probability of

Accepted Answer

A) rejecting a true null hypothesis 
B) retaining a false null hypothesis 
C) inflating the power of a decision 
D) all of the above 
A) rejecting a true null hypothesis 
B) retaining a false null hypothesis 
C) inflating the power of a decision 
D) all of the above

Question 5

A professor finds that the average SAT score among all students attending his college is 1150±150 (   ).He polls his class of 25 students and finds that the average SAT score is 1200.Suppose he computes a one-sample z test at a .05 level of significance.What is his decision?

Accepted Answer

A) to reject the null hypothesis 
B) to retain the null hypothesis 
C) to reject the null hypothesis for a two-tailed test,but to retain the null hypothesis for an upper-tailed test 
D) to reject the null hypothesis for an upper-tailed test,but to retain the null hypothesis for a two-tailed test 
A) to reject the null hypothesis 
B) to retain the null hypothesis 
C) to reject the null hypothesis for a two-tailed test,but to retain the null hypothesis for an upper-tailed test 
D) to reject the null hypothesis for an upper-tailed test,but to retain the null hypothesis for a two-tailed test

Question 6

A researcher computes a one-sample z test in two studies.Both studies used the same alpha level,placed the rejection region in both tails,and measured the same sample mean.The researcher selects a sample of 30 participants in Study 1 and decides to retain the null hypothesis.She selects a sample of 60 participants in Study 2 and decides to reject the null hypothesis.Which of the following is the best explanation for why the decision was different in Study 1 and Study 2?

Accepted Answer

A) The different decisions in Study 1 and Study 2 are not possible because all values were the same. 
B) The different decisions in Study 1 and Study 2 are not possible because the researcher tested the same hypothesis. 
C) The different decisions in Study 1 and Study 2 are due to an error the researcher made in the first hypothesis test. 
D) The different decisions in Study 1 and Study 2 are possible because the second test was associated with greater power to detect an effect. 
A) The different decisions in Study 1 and Study 2 are not possible because all values were the same. 
B) The different decisions in Study 1 and Study 2 are not possible because the researcher tested the same hypothesis. 
C) The different decisions in Study 1 and Study 2 are due to an error the researcher made in the first hypothesis test. 
D) The different decisions in Study 1 and Study 2 are possible because the second test was associated with greater power to detect an effect.

Question 7

Researchers state a level of significance in terms of an alpha level.The alpha level indicates

Accepted Answer

A) the probability of committing a Type I error 
B) the probability of incorrectly rejecting the null hypothesis 
C) the probability value for the rejection region 
D) all of the above 
A) the probability of committing a Type I error 
B) the probability of incorrectly rejecting the null hypothesis 
C) the probability value for the rejection region 
D) all of the above

Question 8

The typical level of significance in hypothesis testing in the behavioral sciences is set at .05.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

An effect size of d = 0.68 is a large effect in the population.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

________ allows researchers to describe (1)how far mean scores have shifted in the population,or (2)the percentage of variance that can be explained by a given variable.

Accepted Answer

A) significance 
B) probability 
C) power 
D) effect size 
A) significance 
B) probability 
C) power 
D) effect size

Question 11

A researcher obtains z = 3.98 for a one-sample z test.If her decision is to retain the null hypothesis,then what do you know about her decision?

Accepted Answer

A) Her decision was inconclusive. 
B) Her decision was based on a two-tailed test. 
C) Her decision resulted in a Type III error. 
D) both A and B 
A) Her decision was inconclusive. 
B) Her decision was based on a two-tailed test. 
C) Her decision resulted in a Type III error. 
D) both A and B

Question 12

The alpha level is basically the same thing as the p value.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Rejecting a true null hypothesis is a Type I error.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Researchers directly control for the probability of committing a Type II error.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following is a scenario in which increasing sample size will increase power

Accepted Answer

A) When the effect size is small. 
B) When the effect size is large. 
C) When the probability of a Type I error is small. 
D) All of the above. 
A) When the effect size is small. 
B) When the effect size is large. 
C) When the probability of a Type I error is small. 
D) All of the above.

Question 16

A researcher reports that the size of an effect in Population A is d = 0.10 and the effect size in Population B is d = 0.34.Which population is associated with greater power to detect an effect?

Accepted Answer

A) Population A 
B) Population B 
C) They are associated with the same level of power. 
A) Population A 
B) Population B 
C) They are associated with the same level of power.

Question 17

A researcher directly controls for the probability of a ________,but does not directly control for the probability of a ________.

Accepted Answer

A) Type I error;alpha level 
B) Type II error;beta level 
C) Type I error;Type II error 
D) Type II error;Type I error 
A) Type I error;alpha level 
B) Type II error;beta level 
C) Type I error;Type II error 
D) Type II error;Type I error

Question 18

A researcher reports that the size of an effect in some population is d = 0.88.Which of the following is an appropriate interpretation for d?

Accepted Answer

A) The effect observed in the population was significant. 
B) Mean scores were significant by 0.88 points in the sample. 
C) Mean scores were significant by 0.88 points in the population. 
D) Mean scores shifted 0.88 standard deviations in the population. 
A) The effect observed in the population was significant. 
B) Mean scores were significant by 0.88 points in the sample. 
C) Mean scores were significant by 0.88 points in the population. 
D) Mean scores shifted 0.88 standard deviations in the population.

Question 19

A researcher obtains z = -6.45.What is the decision for a one-tailed test,upper-tail critical,at a .05 level of significance?

Accepted Answer

A) to reject the null hypothesis 
B) to retain the null hypothesis 
C) It depends on the sample size. 
D) There is not enough information to make a decision. 
A) to reject the null hypothesis 
B) to retain the null hypothesis 
C) It depends on the sample size. 
D) There is not enough information to make a decision.

Question 20

A large effect size means that Cohen's d is at least equal to .80.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

A measure of the size of an effect in a population is called

A researcher tests a hypothesis to prove whether or not his or her hypothesis is correct.

One step to hypothesis testing is to set the criteria for a decision.

In Step 2 of hypothesis testing,researchers state a level of significance to minimize the probability of

A professor finds that the average SAT score among all students attending his college is 1150±150 ( ).He polls his class of 25 students and finds that the average SAT score is 1200.Suppose he computes a one-sample z test at a .05 level of significance.What is his decision?

Researchers state a level of significance in terms of an alpha level.The alpha level indicates

The typical level of significance in hypothesis testing in the behavioral sciences is set at .05.

An effect size of d = 0.68 is a large effect in the population.

________ allows researchers to describe (1)how far mean scores have shifted in the population,or (2)the percentage of variance that can be explained by a given variable.

A researcher obtains z = 3.98 for a one-sample z test.If her decision is to retain the null hypothesis,then what do you know about her decision?

The alpha level is basically the same thing as the p value.

Rejecting a true null hypothesis is a Type I error.

Researchers directly control for the probability of committing a Type II error.

Which of the following is a scenario in which increasing sample size will increase power

A researcher reports that the size of an effect in Population A is d = 0.10 and the effect size in Population B is d = 0.34.Which population is associated with greater power to detect an effect?

A researcher directly controls for the probability of a ,but does not directly control for the probability of a .

A researcher reports that the size of an effect in some population is d = 0.88.Which of the following is an appropriate interpretation for d?

A researcher obtains z = -6.45.What is the decision for a one-tailed test,upper-tail critical,at a .05 level of significance?

A large effect size means that Cohen's d is at least equal to .80.

Introduction to Statistics

Summarizing Data: Frequency Distributions in Tables and Graphs

Summarizing Data: Central Tendency

Summarizing Data: Variability

Probability

Probability, Normal Distributions, and Z Scores

Probability and Sampling Distributions

Testing Means: One-Sample and Two-Independent Sample T Tests

Testing Means: Related Samples T Test

Estimation and Confidence Intervals

Analysis of Variance: One-Way Between-Subjects Design

Analysis of Variance: One-Way Within-Subjects Repeated Measures Design

Analysis of Variance: Two-Way Between-Subjects Factorial Design

Correlation

Linear Regression and Multiple Regression

Nonparametric Tests: Chi-Square Tests

Nonparametric Tests: Tests for Ordinal Data

Filters

Exam 8: Hypothesis Testing: Significance, Effect Size, and Power

A measure of the size of an effect in a population is called

A researcher tests a hypothesis to prove whether or not his or her hypothesis is correct.

One step to hypothesis testing is to set the criteria for a decision.

In Step 2 of hypothesis testing,researchers state a level of significance to minimize the probability of

A professor finds that the average SAT score among all students attending his college is 1150±150 ( ).He polls his class of 25 students and finds that the average SAT score is 1200.Suppose he computes a one-sample z test at a .05 level of significance.What is his decision?

Researchers state a level of significance in terms of an alpha level.The alpha level indicates

The typical level of significance in hypothesis testing in the behavioral sciences is set at .05.

An effect size of d = 0.68 is a large effect in the population.

________ allows researchers to describe (1)how far mean scores have shifted in the population,or (2)the percentage of variance that can be explained by a given variable.

A researcher obtains z = 3.98 for a one-sample z test.If her decision is to retain the null hypothesis,then what do you know about her decision?

The alpha level is basically the same thing as the p value.

Rejecting a true null hypothesis is a Type I error.

Researchers directly control for the probability of committing a Type II error.

Which of the following is a scenario in which increasing sample size will increase power

A researcher reports that the size of an effect in Population A is d = 0.10 and the effect size in Population B is d = 0.34.Which population is associated with greater power to detect an effect?

A researcher directly controls for the probability of a ________,but does not directly control for the probability of a ________.

A researcher reports that the size of an effect in some population is d = 0.88.Which of the following is an appropriate interpretation for d?

A researcher obtains z = -6.45.What is the decision for a one-tailed test,upper-tail critical,at a .05 level of significance?

A large effect size means that Cohen's d is at least equal to .80.

Introduction to Statistics

Summarizing Data: Frequency Distributions in Tables and Graphs

Summarizing Data: Central Tendency

Summarizing Data: Variability

Probability

Probability, Normal Distributions, and Z Scores

Probability and Sampling Distributions

Testing Means: One-Sample and Two-Independent Sample T Tests

Testing Means: Related Samples T Test

Estimation and Confidence Intervals

Analysis of Variance: One-Way Between-Subjects Design

Analysis of Variance: One-Way Within-Subjects Repeated Measures Design

Analysis of Variance: Two-Way Between-Subjects Factorial Design

Correlation

Linear Regression and Multiple Regression

Nonparametric Tests: Chi-Square Tests

Nonparametric Tests: Tests for Ordinal Data

Filters

A researcher directly controls for the probability of a ,but does not directly control for the probability of a .