Question 1

Over the last 25 years,gender differences in

Accepted Answer

A) mathematical ability have decreased and differences in verbal ability have increased. 
B) verbal ability has increased and differences in mathematical ability have decreased. 
C) mathematical ability has decreased. 
D) mathematical ability has remained the same. 
A) mathematical ability have decreased and differences in verbal ability have increased. 
B) verbal ability has increased and differences in mathematical ability have decreased. 
C) mathematical ability has decreased. 
D) mathematical ability has remained the same.

Question 2

According to social cognitive theorists,children learn gender roles

Accepted Answer

A) through observation. 
B) by understanding gender constancy. 
C) by paying more attention to gender-appropriate experiences and events. 
D) through prenatal exposure to sex hormones. 
A) through observation. 
B) by understanding gender constancy. 
C) by paying more attention to gender-appropriate experiences and events. 
D) through prenatal exposure to sex hormones.

Question 3

Mrs.Peterson,a typical third grade teacher,is likely to

Accepted Answer

A) be more influential than parents on her students. 
B) encourage behaviors that are considered masculine for both boys and girls. 
C) spend more time interacting with boys than with girls. 
D) spend more time interacting with girls than with boys. 
A) be more influential than parents on her students. 
B) encourage behaviors that are considered masculine for both boys and girls. 
C) spend more time interacting with boys than with girls. 
D) spend more time interacting with girls than with boys.

Question 4

Girls' interactions with each other are typically constricting.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

If Deanna is a girl and Jerrill is a boy,which of the following statements is most likely to be TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) Jerrill expresses emotions better than Deanna. 
B) Deanna is more physically aggressive than Jerrill. 
C) Deanna is more active than Jerrill. 
D) Deanna has a lareger vocabulary than Jerrill. 
A) Jerrill expresses emotions better than Deanna. 
B) Deanna is more physically aggressive than Jerrill. 
C) Deanna is more active than Jerrill. 
D) Deanna has a lareger vocabulary than Jerrill.

Question 6

According to Maccoby and Jacklin (1974),which of the following is an established gender difference?

Accepted Answer

A) Girls are more social than boys. 
B) Boys have higher self-esteem than girls. 
C) Girls have less achievement motivation than boys. 
D) Boys are more aggressive than girls. 
A) Girls are more social than boys. 
B) Boys have higher self-esteem than girls. 
C) Girls have less achievement motivation than boys. 
D) Boys are more aggressive than girls.

Question 7

Gender differences in brain maturation may lead to gender differences in verbal ability.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

By 3 years of age,children show a firm preference for sex-typed toys.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following is correct of boys' and girls' play?

Accepted Answer

A) Boys' play is rougher and more competitive than girls' play. 
B) Girls tend to be more dominating in their interactions. 
C) In boys' interactions,actions and remarks tend to support others and to sustain the interaction. 
D) In girls' interactions,one partner typically tries to emerge as the victor. 
A) Boys' play is rougher and more competitive than girls' play. 
B) Girls tend to be more dominating in their interactions. 
C) In boys' interactions,actions and remarks tend to support others and to sustain the interaction. 
D) In girls' interactions,one partner typically tries to emerge as the victor.

Question 10

Who is likely to have the highest self-esteem?

Accepted Answer

A) Betty Lou,a girl with many expressive (feminine)traits 
B) Addison,a girl with many instrumental (masculine)traits 
C) Jackson,an androgynous boy with many instrumental and expressive traits 
D) Connor,an androgynous girl with many instrumental and expressive traits 
A) Betty Lou,a girl with many expressive (feminine)traits 
B) Addison,a girl with many instrumental (masculine)traits 
C) Jackson,an androgynous boy with many instrumental and expressive traits 
D) Connor,an androgynous girl with many instrumental and expressive traits

Question 11

Girls tend to have __________ interactions with each other.

Accepted Answer

A) instrumental 
B) stereotyped 
C) constricting 
D) enabling 
A) instrumental 
B) stereotyped 
C) constricting 
D) enabling

Question 12

Instrumental traits

Accepted Answer

A) are associated with females. 
B) include traits such as emotional and creative. 
C) describe individuals who act on the world and influence it. 
D) describe individuals who value interpersonal relationships. 
A) are associated with females. 
B) include traits such as emotional and creative. 
C) describe individuals who act on the world and influence it. 
D) describe individuals who value interpersonal relationships.

Question 13

European American children have more flexible ideas about gender than African American children.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Define and give examples of instrumental and expressive traits.How do they fit with gender stereotypes?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 15

Gender stereotypes are more extreme in America than in many other countries.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

When Adam interacts with other boys,he often exaggerates,contradicts,and threatens the other boys.Adam's interactions would be characterized as

Accepted Answer

A) enabling. 
B) expressive. 
C) stereotyped. 
D) constricting. 
A) enabling. 
B) expressive. 
C) stereotyped. 
D) constricting.

Question 17

The preference for same-sex play peaks

Accepted Answer

A) in preschool. 
B) in early childhood. 
C) in preadolescence. 
D) in adolescence. 
A) in preschool. 
B) in early childhood. 
C) in preadolescence. 
D) in adolescence.

Question 18

After corrective surgery and hormone therapy girls with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)

Accepted Answer

A) are no different from girls without CAH. 
B) prefer masculine activities and male playmates during childhood,but not adolescence. 
C) prefer masculine activities and male playmates during childhood and adolescence. 
D) prefer masculine activities and male playmates during adolescence,but not childhood. 
A) are no different from girls without CAH. 
B) prefer masculine activities and male playmates during childhood,but not adolescence. 
C) prefer masculine activities and male playmates during childhood and adolescence. 
D) prefer masculine activities and male playmates during adolescence,but not childhood.

Question 19

For the traits in which gender differences were reported in your text,

Accepted Answer

A) either all boys were higher than all girls on the trait or all girls were higher than all boys on the trait. 
B) average differences between boys and girls were quite large,but the differences at the extremes of the distributions were insignificant. 
C) there was substantial overlap between girls' and boys' abilities. 
D) the average score for boys was the same as the average score for girls. 
A) either all boys were higher than all girls on the trait or all girls were higher than all boys on the trait. 
B) average differences between boys and girls were quite large,but the differences at the extremes of the distributions were insignificant. 
C) there was substantial overlap between girls' and boys' abilities. 
D) the average score for boys was the same as the average score for girls.

Question 20

Children usually understand that they are either male or female by about age

Accepted Answer

A) 1. 
B) 2 or 3. 
C) 4 or 5. 
D) 6 or 7. 
A) 1. 
B) 2 or 3. 
C) 4 or 5. 
D) 6 or 7.

Over the last 25 years,gender differences in

According to social cognitive theorists,children learn gender roles

Mrs.Peterson,a typical third grade teacher,is likely to

Girls' interactions with each other are typically constricting.

If Deanna is a girl and Jerrill is a boy,which of the following statements is most likely to be TRUE?

According to Maccoby and Jacklin (1974),which of the following is an established gender difference?

Gender differences in brain maturation may lead to gender differences in verbal ability.

By 3 years of age,children show a firm preference for sex-typed toys.

Which of the following is correct of boys' and girls' play?

Who is likely to have the highest self-esteem?

Girls tend to have __________ interactions with each other.

Instrumental traits

European American children have more flexible ideas about gender than African American children.

Define and give examples of instrumental and expressive traits.How do they fit with gender stereotypes?

Gender stereotypes are more extreme in America than in many other countries.

When Adam interacts with other boys,he often exaggerates,contradicts,and threatens the other boys.Adam's interactions would be characterized as

The preference for same-sex play peaks

After corrective surgery and hormone therapy girls with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)

For the traits in which gender differences were reported in your text,

Children usually understand that they are either male or female by about age

The Science of Child Development

Genetic Bases of Child Development

Prenatal Development, Birth and the Newborn

Growth and Health

Perceptual and Motor Development

Theories of Cognitive Development

Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills

Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition

Language and Communication

Emotional Development

Understanding Self and Others

Moral Understanding and Behavior

Family Relationships

Influences Beyond the Family

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Exam 13: Gender and Development

Over the last 25 years,gender differences in

According to social cognitive theorists,children learn gender roles

Mrs.Peterson,a typical third grade teacher,is likely to

Girls' interactions with each other are typically constricting.

If Deanna is a girl and Jerrill is a boy,which of the following statements is most likely to be TRUE?

According to Maccoby and Jacklin (1974),which of the following is an established gender difference?

Gender differences in brain maturation may lead to gender differences in verbal ability.

By 3 years of age,children show a firm preference for sex-typed toys.

Which of the following is correct of boys' and girls' play?

Who is likely to have the highest self-esteem?

Girls tend to have __________ interactions with each other.

Instrumental traits

European American children have more flexible ideas about gender than African American children.

Define and give examples of instrumental and expressive traits.How do they fit with gender stereotypes?

Gender stereotypes are more extreme in America than in many other countries.

When Adam interacts with other boys,he often exaggerates,contradicts,and threatens the other boys.Adam's interactions would be characterized as

The preference for same-sex play peaks

After corrective surgery and hormone therapy girls with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)

For the traits in which gender differences were reported in your text,

Children usually understand that they are either male or female by about age

The Science of Child Development

Genetic Bases of Child Development

Prenatal Development, Birth and the Newborn

Growth and Health

Perceptual and Motor Development

Theories of Cognitive Development

Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills

Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition

Language and Communication

Emotional Development

Understanding Self and Others

Moral Understanding and Behavior

Family Relationships

Influences Beyond the Family

Filters