Question 1

Decoding processes transform the information in a problem into a mental representation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Encoding is the ability to identify individual words.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Experience or knowledge that contradicts a script can distort one's memory for the event or knowledge.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Your 4-year-old daughter is going to testify in court about an event she witnessed.What could you do to make her testimony as reliable as possible?

Accepted Answer

A) Avoid questioning her repeatedly on a single issue. 
B) Tell her everything you know about the personalities of the individuals she witnessed. 
C) Do not give her more than one possible explanation of what happened. 
D) Tell her not to correct the interviewers when they say something incorrect. 
A) Avoid questioning her repeatedly on a single issue. 
B) Tell her everything you know about the personalities of the individuals she witnessed. 
C) Do not give her more than one possible explanation of what happened. 
D) Tell her not to correct the interviewers when they say something incorrect.

Question 5

Younger children usually use a knowledge-transforming strategy when writing.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Sentence context can speed word recognition.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

When young writers revise their writing,their changes usually dramatically improve their writing.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

By 2 years of age,most American youngsters can count to 20.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Your friends have a 3-month-old son,Zack.Two weeks ago,when Zack was at your house he had been interested in kicking at a ball that makes noise when it rolls.Yesterday when Zack was at your house,he kicked at the ball again as if he remembered moving the ball and hearing its noise.When you pointed out this "memory" to Zack's parents,they said that "everyone knows that babies don't have any memories." What can you tell your friends about memory in infants that might change their minds?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will be similar to the fol

Question 10

Infants are able to distinguish differences in quantity because

Accepted Answer

A) they are able to count objects. 
B) adults tell them how many objects there are. 
C) their perceptual system is sensitive to quantity as a characteristic of stimuli. 
D) they understand the one-to-one principle. 
A) they are able to count objects. 
B) adults tell them how many objects there are. 
C) their perceptual system is sensitive to quantity as a characteristic of stimuli. 
D) they understand the one-to-one principle.

Question 11

Recently,you took your nephew,Jamie,to a local fast food restaurant.When you took Jamie home,he told his mother,"We drove to Wendy's,we got out of the car,we stood in line,I got a Kid's Meal with chicken nuggets and milk,and I got a cool toy,too." Jamie's recall of the visit to Wendy's was mostly correct but Wendy's was out of milk so Jamie got a soft drink instead.What can you tell Jamie's mother about scripts and how they can influence memory that might explain Jamie's incorrect memory of his lunch?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will be similar to the fol

Question 12

Who has mastered the stable-order principle?

Accepted Answer

A) Jacob,who sometimes counts five objects as "1,2,4,5,6" and other times as "1,2,3,5,7." 
B) Will,who always counts five objects as "1,2,5,7,8." 
C) Nate,who consistently counts five objects as "1,2,3,4,5." 
D) Both Will and Nate. 
A) Jacob,who sometimes counts five objects as "1,2,4,5,6" and other times as "1,2,3,5,7." 
B) Will,who always counts five objects as "1,2,5,7,8." 
C) Nate,who consistently counts five objects as "1,2,3,4,5." 
D) Both Will and Nate.

Question 13

What are some common features of children's and adolescents' problem solving?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 14

Most parents of students in Japan and Taiwan

Accepted Answer

A) are very satisfied with their children's schoolwork. 
B) believe that native ability is the prime determinant of success in school. 
C) see little reason to encourage their children to become involved in activities that foster mathematics skill. 
D) emphasize the role of effort in children's academic achievement. 
A) are very satisfied with their children's schoolwork. 
B) believe that native ability is the prime determinant of success in school. 
C) see little reason to encourage their children to become involved in activities that foster mathematics skill. 
D) emphasize the role of effort in children's academic achievement.

Question 15

The one-to-one principle states that the last number name denotes the number of objects being counted.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

One day Ellie takes her 2-month-old baby,Eric,to her friend's home and puts him in a rocking cradle. Eric soon learns that if he wiggles and waves his arms the cradle will rock.Several weeks later,Ellie and
Eric return to the friend's house.How would you expect Eric to respond when he is once again placed in
The cradle?

Accepted Answer

A) Eric will not remember the cradle at all from his previous visit and will behave as if it was the first time he had been in the cradle. 
B) Eric is likely to remember the cradle and start wiggling and waving his arms as soon as he is placed in the cradle. 
C) Eric is likely to remember how to make the cradle move only if Ellie gives him a cue by rocking the cradle right after he is put in it. 
D) Eric is likely to remember how to make the cradle move,but will no longer be interested in making it move. 
A) Eric will not remember the cradle at all from his previous visit and will behave as if it was the first time he had been in the cradle. 
B) Eric is likely to remember the cradle and start wiggling and waving his arms as soon as he is placed in the cradle. 
C) Eric is likely to remember how to make the cradle move only if Ellie gives him a cue by rocking the cradle right after he is put in it. 
D) Eric is likely to remember how to make the cradle move,but will no longer be interested in making it move.

Question 17

The effects of collaboration with peers on problem solving

Accepted Answer

A) are always beneficial. 
B) are only beneficial with preschool children. 
C) are sometimes,but not always productive. 
D) work well when both children are on the same level,for example when neither of them has a clue about how to proceed. 
A) are always beneficial. 
B) are only beneficial with preschool children. 
C) are sometimes,but not always productive. 
D) work well when both children are on the same level,for example when neither of them has a clue about how to proceed.

Question 18

As Derrick read the sentence "The little girl swam in the pool," he could derive a number of __________ including "there is a girl," "the girl is little," "the girl was in the pool," and "the girl was swimming."

Accepted Answer

A) scripts 
B) phonological awarenesses 
C) one-to-one principles 
D) propositions 
A) scripts 
B) phonological awarenesses 
C) one-to-one principles 
D) propositions

Question 19

You show 5-month-old Zachary many pictures of two objects.At first he looks at each picture for several seconds,but after several are shown he just glances at each briefly then looks away.Then you show him a picture of three objects.What would you expect him to do?

Accepted Answer

A) Look at the picture briefly then look away,because to him it looks just like a picture with two objects. 
B) Look at the picture with renewed interest for several seconds,because he will recognize that three objects are different from two objects. 
C) Look at the picture and say,"1,2,3." 
D) Start crying and refuse to look at the picture because it is unfamiliar. 
A) Look at the picture briefly then look away,because to him it looks just like a picture with two objects. 
B) Look at the picture with renewed interest for several seconds,because he will recognize that three objects are different from two objects. 
C) Look at the picture and say,"1,2,3." 
D) Start crying and refuse to look at the picture because it is unfamiliar.

Question 20

Skill at identifying goals,selecting effective strategies,and monitoring accurately is known as

Accepted Answer

A) metacognitive knowledge. 
B) cognitive self-regulation. 
C) metamemory. 
D) automatic processing. 
A) metacognitive knowledge. 
B) cognitive self-regulation. 
C) metamemory. 
D) automatic processing.

Decoding processes transform the information in a problem into a mental representation.

Encoding is the ability to identify individual words.

Experience or knowledge that contradicts a script can distort one's memory for the event or knowledge.

Your 4-year-old daughter is going to testify in court about an event she witnessed.What could you do to make her testimony as reliable as possible?

Younger children usually use a knowledge-transforming strategy when writing.

Sentence context can speed word recognition.

When young writers revise their writing,their changes usually dramatically improve their writing.

By 2 years of age,most American youngsters can count to 20.

Infants are able to distinguish differences in quantity because

Who has mastered the stable-order principle?

What are some common features of children's and adolescents' problem solving?

Most parents of students in Japan and Taiwan

The one-to-one principle states that the last number name denotes the number of objects being counted.

The effects of collaboration with peers on problem solving

As Derrick read the sentence "The little girl swam in the pool," he could derive a number of __________ including "there is a girl," "the girl is little," "the girl was in the pool," and "the girl was swimming."

You show 5-month-old Zachary many pictures of two objects.At first he looks at each picture for several seconds,but after several are shown he just glances at each briefly then looks away.Then you show him a picture of three objects.What would you expect him to do?

Skill at identifying goals,selecting effective strategies,and monitoring accurately is known as

The Science of Child Development

Genetic Bases of Child Development

Prenatal Development, Birth and the Newborn

Growth and Health

Perceptual and Motor Development

Theories of Cognitive Development

Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition

Language and Communication

Emotional Development

Understanding Self and Others

Moral Understanding and Behavior

Gender and Development

Family Relationships

Influences Beyond the Family

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Exam 7: Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills

Decoding processes transform the information in a problem into a mental representation.

Encoding is the ability to identify individual words.

Experience or knowledge that contradicts a script can distort one's memory for the event or knowledge.

Your 4-year-old daughter is going to testify in court about an event she witnessed.What could you do to make her testimony as reliable as possible?

Younger children usually use a knowledge-transforming strategy when writing.

Sentence context can speed word recognition.

When young writers revise their writing,their changes usually dramatically improve their writing.

By 2 years of age,most American youngsters can count to 20.

Infants are able to distinguish differences in quantity because

Who has mastered the stable-order principle?

What are some common features of children's and adolescents' problem solving?

Most parents of students in Japan and Taiwan

The one-to-one principle states that the last number name denotes the number of objects being counted.

The effects of collaboration with peers on problem solving

As Derrick read the sentence "The little girl swam in the pool," he could derive a number of __________ including "there is a girl," "the girl is little," "the girl was in the pool," and "the girl was swimming."

You show 5-month-old Zachary many pictures of two objects.At first he looks at each picture for several seconds,but after several are shown he just glances at each briefly then looks away.Then you show him a picture of three objects.What would you expect him to do?

Skill at identifying goals,selecting effective strategies,and monitoring accurately is known as

The Science of Child Development

Genetic Bases of Child Development

Prenatal Development, Birth and the Newborn

Growth and Health

Perceptual and Motor Development

Theories of Cognitive Development

Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition

Language and Communication

Emotional Development

Understanding Self and Others

Moral Understanding and Behavior

Gender and Development

Family Relationships

Influences Beyond the Family

Filters