Question 1

Twin studies

Accepted Answer

A) cannot be used to study polygenic traits such as intelligence. 
B) are based on the assumption that monozygotic twins are not more similar genetically than dizygotic twins. 
C) are based on the assumption that heredity influences a trait if identical twins are more alike than fraternal twins. 
D) often underestimate the influence of heredity because identical twins may have more similar environments than fraternal twins. 
A) cannot be used to study polygenic traits such as intelligence. 
B) are based on the assumption that monozygotic twins are not more similar genetically than dizygotic twins. 
C) are based on the assumption that heredity influences a trait if identical twins are more alike than fraternal twins. 
D) often underestimate the influence of heredity because identical twins may have more similar environments than fraternal twins.

Question 2

Tom has Huntington's disease.You would expect him to begin to show signs of nervous system deterioration

Accepted Answer

A) at birth. 
B) during childhood. 
C) during adolescence. 
D) during middle adulthood. 
A) at birth. 
B) during childhood. 
C) during adolescence. 
D) during middle adulthood.

Question 3

The first 22 pairs of chromosomes are called __________ while the 23rd pair is known as __________.

Accepted Answer

A) sex chromosomes;autosomes 
B) autosomes;sex chromosomes 
C) eggs;sperm 
D) sperm;eggs 
A) sex chromosomes;autosomes 
B) autosomes;sex chromosomes 
C) eggs;sperm 
D) sperm;eggs

Question 4

The fact that behavioral consequences of genetic instruction depend on the environment in which those instructions develop is best illustrated by the concept of

Accepted Answer

A) reaction range. 
B) niche-picking. 
C) nonshared environmental influences. 
D) polygenic inheritance. 
A) reaction range. 
B) niche-picking. 
C) nonshared environmental influences. 
D) polygenic inheritance.

Question 5

Blueprints are to a completed house as __________ are to __________.

Accepted Answer

A) phenotypes;genotypes 
B) genotypes;phenotypes 
C) recessive genes;dominant genes 
D) dominant genes;recessive genes 
A) phenotypes;genotypes 
B) genotypes;phenotypes 
C) recessive genes;dominant genes 
D) dominant genes;recessive genes

Question 6

The incidence of Down syndrome

Accepted Answer

A) increases as the mother gets older. 
B) decreases as the mother gets older. 
C) decreases as the father gets older. 
D) is unrelated to parental age. 
A) increases as the mother gets older. 
B) decreases as the mother gets older. 
C) decreases as the father gets older. 
D) is unrelated to parental age.

Question 7

You and a friend were talking about the role of heredity and environment on child development.You tell your friends that "nature" can help determine the kind of "nurturing" that a child receives.Explain and give an example (since your friend looks really confused).Be sure to discuss niche-picking in your explanation.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will be similar to the fol

Question 8

Aletha and Frank are worried about their 1-year-old baby.His eyes are almond-shaped (unlike theirs),his head seems small,and his development is slower than average - he's just now starting to sit up by himself.Which of the following disorders would you suspect their baby has?

Accepted Answer

A) Huntington's disease 
B) Klinefelter's syndrome 
C) Turner's syndrome 
D) Down syndrome 
A) Huntington's disease 
B) Klinefelter's syndrome 
C) Turner's syndrome 
D) Down syndrome

Question 9

Miranda has one X chromosome and no Y chromosome.Miranda has

Accepted Answer

A) Turner syndrome. 
B) Down syndrome. 
C) Klinefelter's syndrome. 
D) fetal alcohol syndrome. 
A) Turner syndrome. 
B) Down syndrome. 
C) Klinefelter's syndrome. 
D) fetal alcohol syndrome.

Question 10

Huntington's disease is a fatal disease caused by a recessive allele.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Who is most likely to have sickle-cell anemia?

Accepted Answer

A) Tad,a European American 
B) Jared,an African American 
C) Miguel,an Hispanic American 
D) Ed,an Asian American 
A) Tad,a European American 
B) Jared,an African American 
C) Miguel,an Hispanic American 
D) Ed,an Asian American

Question 12

Name and describe one disorder caused by an abnormal number of sex chromosomes that affects only males.In addition,name and describe one disorder caused by an abnormal number of sex chromosomes that affects only females.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 13

A heritability coefficient estimates the extent to which differences within an individual reflect heredity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The presence of a Y chromosome appears to be necessary for life.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Most behavioral and psychological characteristics follow a(n)__________ pattern of genetic inheritance.

Accepted Answer

A) dominant-recessive 
B) incomplete dominance 
C) sex-linked 
D) polygenic 
A) dominant-recessive 
B) incomplete dominance 
C) sex-linked 
D) polygenic

Question 16

Name and briefly describe some common disorders associated with recessive alleles.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 17

Experiences determine which phenotypes emerge,and genotypes influence the nature of experiences.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Recessive alleles are responsible for

Accepted Answer

A) Down syndrome. 
B) Huntington's disease. 
C) Klinefelter's syndrome. 
D) phenylketonuria. 
A) Down syndrome. 
B) Huntington's disease. 
C) Klinefelter's syndrome. 
D) phenylketonuria.

Question 19

Whose opinion is best supported by the results of twin and adoption studies?

Accepted Answer

A) Aaron,who assumes heredity is solely responsible for behavioral development. 
B) Baron,who believes heredity has a substantial,but not total influence on behavioral development. 
C) Karen,who asserts that heredity has virtually no influence on development. 
D) Sharon,who asserts that twin and adoption studies are too flawed to yield accurate information about the influence of genetics on development. 
A) Aaron,who assumes heredity is solely responsible for behavioral development. 
B) Baron,who believes heredity has a substantial,but not total influence on behavioral development. 
C) Karen,who asserts that heredity has virtually no influence on development. 
D) Sharon,who asserts that twin and adoption studies are too flawed to yield accurate information about the influence of genetics on development.

Question 20

Twins that come from a single fertilized egg that splits in two are called

Accepted Answer

A) dizygotic twins. 
B) monozygotic twins. 
C) fraternal twins. 
D) homozygous. 
A) dizygotic twins. 
B) monozygotic twins. 
C) fraternal twins. 
D) homozygous.

Twin studies

Tom has Huntington's disease.You would expect him to begin to show signs of nervous system deterioration

The first 22 pairs of chromosomes are called while the 23rd pair is known as .

The fact that behavioral consequences of genetic instruction depend on the environment in which those instructions develop is best illustrated by the concept of

Blueprints are to a completed house as are to .

The incidence of Down syndrome

Aletha and Frank are worried about their 1-year-old baby.His eyes are almond-shaped (unlike theirs),his head seems small,and his development is slower than average - he's just now starting to sit up by himself.Which of the following disorders would you suspect their baby has?

Miranda has one X chromosome and no Y chromosome.Miranda has

Huntington's disease is a fatal disease caused by a recessive allele.

Who is most likely to have sickle-cell anemia?

Name and describe one disorder caused by an abnormal number of sex chromosomes that affects only males.In addition,name and describe one disorder caused by an abnormal number of sex chromosomes that affects only females.

A heritability coefficient estimates the extent to which differences within an individual reflect heredity.

The presence of a Y chromosome appears to be necessary for life.

Most behavioral and psychological characteristics follow a(n)__________ pattern of genetic inheritance.

Name and briefly describe some common disorders associated with recessive alleles.

Experiences determine which phenotypes emerge,and genotypes influence the nature of experiences.

Recessive alleles are responsible for

Whose opinion is best supported by the results of twin and adoption studies?

Twins that come from a single fertilized egg that splits in two are called

The Science of Child Development

Prenatal Development, Birth and the Newborn

Growth and Health

Perceptual and Motor Development

Theories of Cognitive Development

Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills

Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition

Language and Communication

Emotional Development

Understanding Self and Others

Moral Understanding and Behavior

Gender and Development

Family Relationships

Influences Beyond the Family

Filters

Exam 2: Genetic Bases of Child Development

Twin studies

Tom has Huntington's disease.You would expect him to begin to show signs of nervous system deterioration

The first 22 pairs of chromosomes are called __________ while the 23rd pair is known as __________.

The fact that behavioral consequences of genetic instruction depend on the environment in which those instructions develop is best illustrated by the concept of

Blueprints are to a completed house as __________ are to __________.

The incidence of Down syndrome

Aletha and Frank are worried about their 1-year-old baby.His eyes are almond-shaped (unlike theirs),his head seems small,and his development is slower than average - he's just now starting to sit up by himself.Which of the following disorders would you suspect their baby has?

Miranda has one X chromosome and no Y chromosome.Miranda has

Huntington's disease is a fatal disease caused by a recessive allele.

Who is most likely to have sickle-cell anemia?

Name and describe one disorder caused by an abnormal number of sex chromosomes that affects only males.In addition,name and describe one disorder caused by an abnormal number of sex chromosomes that affects only females.

A heritability coefficient estimates the extent to which differences within an individual reflect heredity.

The presence of a Y chromosome appears to be necessary for life.

Most behavioral and psychological characteristics follow a(n)__________ pattern of genetic inheritance.

Name and briefly describe some common disorders associated with recessive alleles.

Experiences determine which phenotypes emerge,and genotypes influence the nature of experiences.

Recessive alleles are responsible for

Whose opinion is best supported by the results of twin and adoption studies?

Twins that come from a single fertilized egg that splits in two are called

The Science of Child Development

Prenatal Development, Birth and the Newborn

Growth and Health

Perceptual and Motor Development

Theories of Cognitive Development

Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills

Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition

Language and Communication

Emotional Development

Understanding Self and Others

Moral Understanding and Behavior

Gender and Development

Family Relationships

Influences Beyond the Family

Filters

The first 22 pairs of chromosomes are called while the 23rd pair is known as .

Blueprints are to a completed house as are to .