Exam 1: Exploring the Writing Process

Writing a final draft is a task that should be performed during which step of the writing process?

For each of the following sets of subject, audience, and purpose, select the letter of the most appropriate choice for the blank. -Subject: _______________________________________ Audience: people who need to lose weight Purpose: to convince people to eat foods low in fat

Read the paragraph and then answer the questions that follow by selecting the letter of the correct response. Use the following to answer questions (1) Tigers should not be made to perform in stage shows. (2) Because even well-trained tigers are dangerous wild animals, they pose a serious risk to the people in the audience. (3) Should a tiger suddenly decide to go astray, leave the stage, and attack someone, it could seriously injure or even kill that person with its teeth and claws before it was brought under control again. (4) These animals are a potential danger to their handlers as well, as the public learned when the world's most famous tiger trainer, Roy Horn, was bitten onstage in Las Vegas by a tiger that had been performing for six years. (5) Horn survived the attack, but he spent weeks in the hospital in critical condition and then months in physical therapy. (6) In 2006, Horn and Siegfried, his partner, were honored with a star on the Las Vegas Walk of Stars. (7) Finally, tigers should not be forced to perform tricks because making them live in small cages and spend their lives entertaining humans is cruel to these beautiful wild cats. (8) Instead, they should be living free in their natural habitat. -The topic sentence of this paragraph is

For each of the following sets of subject, audience, and purpose, select the letter of the most appropriate choice for the blank. -Subject: a good new Italian restaurant in town Audience: people who like Italian food and enjoy eating out Purpose: ____________________________

Read the essay below and then answer the questions that follow by selecting the letter of the correct response. Fitness One, Two, Three (1) Jamie is a college student with a part-time job. Despite her busy schedule, she manages to make time for three to four brisk, hour-long walks every week. This regular exercise definitely helps her stay healthy by strengthening her heart, helping her control her weight, and relieving stress. However, medical experts would tell Jamie that her exercise routine is not quite adequate. For complete physical fitness, most people need three different types of regular exercise. (2) The first essential type of exercise is cardiovascular, or aerobic, exercise, which is defined as physical activity that uses the large muscles of the body in continuous motion. Walking, jogging, dancing, swimming, and bicycling are some examples of cardiovascular exercise. Its purpose is to strengthen the heart, lungs, blood vessels, and muscles to make them all work more efficiently. Therefore, experts usually advise healthy people to include three to four 30-minute sessions of cardiovascular exercise in their weekly fitness programs. (3) Another type of needed exercise is flexibility exercise, which stretches the muscles and improves the joints' range of motion. Doing fifteen minutes of these exercises every day helps to prevent joint injury, warm up the muscles for more strenuous exercise, and release tension from the body. Yoga and tai chi are good examples of flexibility exercises. (4) One last important type of exercise is strengthening exercise. Also known as resistance exercise, these physical activities strengthen muscles so that they can better protect the joints from injury. Each exercise is designed to target an individual muscle, forcing it to work harder and thereby strengthening it. This is usually accomplished by lifting weights or by using the resistance machines typically found in gyms and fitness centers a few times a week. (5) Jamie, therefore, is getting her cardiovascular exercise by walking several times a week. By taking the time to fit in some stretching and strengthening exercises, she will ensure that her fitness routine is complete and even more beneficial. -The topic sentence of paragraph 4 is

For each of the following sets of subject, audience, and purpose, select the letter of the most appropriate choice for the blank. -Subject: planting a tree Audience: _______________________ Purpose: to explain the correct procedure for planting a tree

Select the correct order for the steps in the writing process.

For each of the following sets of subject, audience, and purpose, select the letter of the most appropriate choice for the blank. -Subject: ______________________________________ Audience: hikers who don't know much about plants Purpose: to explain the identifying features of a poison ivy plant

For each of the following sets of subject, audience, and purpose, select the letter of the most appropriate choice for the blank. -Subject: the negative impact of TV violence on young children Audience: _____________________________________ Purpose: to persuade readers to limit children's access to violent TV shows

Clustering is a task that should be completed during which step of the writing process?

For each of the following sets of subject, audience, and purpose, select the letter of the most appropriate choice for the blank. -Subject: reasons to vote for Mayor Teresa Justice, who is running for reelection in Pleasantview Audience: _____________________________________ Purpose: to convince readers to vote for the mayor

Use the following to answer questions When a hurricane is bearing down on your city, you may find it tempting to ignore the advice of emergency personnel and ride out the storm in your own home. However, if you are in a hurricane's path and have been urged to evacuate, you should always make the choice to leave the area if you are able to do so. Hurricanes are powerful forces of nature with high winds and storm surges that quickly destroy property and sometimes kill thousands of people. You will risk the lives of yourself and your family members if you remain in your home despite orders to evacuate. Even if you do survive the storm and your home is left intact, the storm's damage to your community may create a new set of hardships that put your family's health and safety at risk. You may be without electricity or clean water for days. Stores may be closed, and you may be unable to obtain food or gasoline. Roads and bridges may be washed away, cutting you off from your sources of supplies. If you decide to stay in your home because you're worried about your deserted house being a target for thieves, remember that you can take many of your valuables with you when you go, and your remaining material possessions should be covered by your homeowners insurance plan. Don't ever risk your life to protect a bunch of things that are replaceable. -The purpose of this paragraph is to

Use the following to answer questions Casting a vote is really a series of steps, sometimes confusing to the first-time voter. When you get to your polling place, you will probably need to wait in line to check in. The poll worker will ask for your name to see if you're on the list of registered voters in your area. Depending on your area, you may be asked to show a valid photo ID with your name and address at which you are registered, or a photo ID and proof of residency (for example, a utility bill, pay stub, or other government document with your current address). After your residency has been confirmed, you will sign your name on a list. Next, a poll worker will show you to a small booth with a curtain or dividers, which keep your voting experience private. Then, depending on the state where you live, you will fill out a paper ballot, punch a card, or use an electronic voting machine to cast your vote. After explaining how you should mark your ballot or work the voting machine, the poll worker will leave you to make your selections. When you are finished, the poll worker may check your ballot to make sure that it correctly shows your votes and then have you place it in a sealed box. Finally, at the end of the day, your vote will be counted! -The purpose of this paragraph is to

Correcting grammar and spelling errors is a task that should be completed during which step of the writing process?

Use the following to answer questions Casting a vote is really a series of steps, sometimes confusing to the first-time voter. When you get to your polling place, you will probably need to wait in line to check in. The poll worker will ask for your name to see if you're on the list of registered voters in your area. Depending on your area, you may be asked to show a valid photo ID with your name and address at which you are registered, or a photo ID and proof of residency (for example, a utility bill, pay stub, or other government document with your current address). After your residency has been confirmed, you will sign your name on a list. Next, a poll worker will show you to a small booth with a curtain or dividers, which keep your voting experience private. Then, depending on the state where you live, you will fill out a paper ballot, punch a card, or use an electronic voting machine to cast your vote. After explaining how you should mark your ballot or work the voting machine, the poll worker will leave you to make your selections. When you are finished, the poll worker may check your ballot to make sure that it correctly shows your votes and then have you place it in a sealed box. Finally, at the end of the day, your vote will be counted! -This paragraph was written for an audience of

Read the paragraphs and then answer the questions that follow by selecting the letter of the correct response. Use the following to answer questions Many e-mail users receive annoying amounts of junk mail, or "spam." Experts recommend five ways to reduce the amount of spam in the in-box. First of all, an e-mail address should not be displayed in public. That includes in newsgroups, chat rooms, websites, or online services' membership directories. Second, computer users should check the privacy policy when they submit an address to a website to see if it allows the company to sell the address. Opting out of this provision, if possible, or deciding not to submit an address at all to a website that won't protect it are both good ways to prevent spam. Using two e-mail addresses, one for personal messages and one for newsgroups and chat rooms, is a third way to cut down on spam. A separate, disposable e-mail address can forward e-mail to a permanent account. When one of the disposable addresses begins to receive spam, it can be shut off without affecting the permanent address. Fourth, experts recommend using a unique e-mail address. The choice of e-mail addresses may affect the amount of spam received because spammers use "dictionary attacks" to sort through possible name combinations at large Internet Service Providers (ISPs) or e-mail services, hoping to find a valid address. Thus, a common name such as jdoe may get more spam than a more unique name like jd51x02oe. Fifth and finally, installing an e-mail filter can provide a tool to filter out potential spam or a way to channel spam into a bulk e-mail folder. These options should affect the choice of which ISP to use. -The subject of this paragraph is

For each of the following sets of subject, audience, and purpose, select the letter of the most appropriate choice for the blank. -Subject: a book club Audience: people who like to read but are not members of the club Purpose: _____________________________________

Use the following to answer questions Casting a vote is really a series of steps, sometimes confusing to the first-time voter. When you get to your polling place, you will probably need to wait in line to check in. The poll worker will ask for your name to see if you're on the list of registered voters in your area. Depending on your area, you may be asked to show a valid photo ID with your name and address at which you are registered, or a photo ID and proof of residency (for example, a utility bill, pay stub, or other government document with your current address). After your residency has been confirmed, you will sign your name on a list. Next, a poll worker will show you to a small booth with a curtain or dividers, which keep your voting experience private. Then, depending on the state where you live, you will fill out a paper ballot, punch a card, or use an electronic voting machine to cast your vote. After explaining how you should mark your ballot or work the voting machine, the poll worker will leave you to make your selections. When you are finished, the poll worker may check your ballot to make sure that it correctly shows your votes and then have you place it in a sealed box. Finally, at the end of the day, your vote will be counted! -The subject of this paragraph is

For each of the following sets of subject, audience, and purpose, select the letter of the most appropriate choice for the blank. -Subject: home remedies for the common cold Audience: people who have a cold Purpose: ______________________________________

Use the following to answer questions When a hurricane is bearing down on your city, you may find it tempting to ignore the advice of emergency personnel and ride out the storm in your own home. However, if you are in a hurricane's path and have been urged to evacuate, you should always make the choice to leave the area if you are able to do so. Hurricanes are powerful forces of nature with high winds and storm surges that quickly destroy property and sometimes kill thousands of people. You will risk the lives of yourself and your family members if you remain in your home despite orders to evacuate. Even if you do survive the storm and your home is left intact, the storm's damage to your community may create a new set of hardships that put your family's health and safety at risk. You may be without electricity or clean water for days. Stores may be closed, and you may be unable to obtain food or gasoline. Roads and bridges may be washed away, cutting you off from your sources of supplies. If you decide to stay in your home because you're worried about your deserted house being a target for thieves, remember that you can take many of your valuables with you when you go, and your remaining material possessions should be covered by your homeowners insurance plan. Don't ever risk your life to protect a bunch of things that are replaceable. -The subject of this paragraph is