Question 1

Researchers who ascribe to the belief that there are multiple realities to be discovered are known as:

Accepted Answer

A) Constructivists. 
B) Positivists. 
C) Post-Positivists. 
D) Pragmatists. 
A) Constructivists. 
B) Positivists. 
C) Post-Positivists. 
D) Pragmatists. A

Question 2

Describe an example of the word research being used inappropriately.Be clear about how your example deviates from the definition of research offered in the chapter.

Accepted Answer

Student examples will likely include uses such as these: -"Research paper," referring to a paper based on information found in a library -"Do research on product X," which might include reading Consumer Reports or consulting relevant professionals or salespeople -"Research the family history," which involves the collection of information related to family history In none of these cases has the "researcher" produced new information through the collection,analysis,and interpretation of data.

Question 3

The primary purpose of inferential statistics is to:

Accepted Answer

A) organize and summarize the data. 
B) turn qualitative data into meaningful numbers that can be interpreted. 
C) measure social and psychological phenomena in an unbiased way. 
D) help the researcher draw conclusions from the data. 
A) organize and summarize the data. 
B) turn qualitative data into meaningful numbers that can be interpreted. 
C) measure social and psychological phenomena in an unbiased way. 
D) help the researcher draw conclusions from the data. D

Question 4

Kimberly knows that teenagers often do not make good decisions in areas where they have little knowledge.She also knows that most teens have little knowledge about human sexuality.Therefore,Kimberly believes that teens are likely to make poor decisions about sexual activity.This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A) inductive reasoning. 
B) theory building. 
C) problem solving. 
D) deductive logic. 
A) inductive reasoning. 
B) theory building. 
C) problem solving. 
D) deductive logic.

Question 5

The primary reason to seek research articles published in academic journals,rather than those posted by the author on the Internet,is that:

Accepted Answer

A) they have been carefully selected after an extensive review by experts. 
B) they are more likely to follow the scientific method. 
C) they tend to focus on the most important topics in the field. 
D) they are more objective and show fewer pitfalls in human reasoning. 
A) they have been carefully selected after an extensive review by experts. 
B) they are more likely to follow the scientific method. 
C) they tend to focus on the most important topics in the field. 
D) they are more objective and show fewer pitfalls in human reasoning.

Question 6

Which of the following is most likely a statement made by a quantitative researcher?

Accepted Answer

A) Let's follow the groups for the course of the project and take notes about their social interactions and dialogues. 
B) Let's conduct some focus groups with college students about the types of cooperative learning they have encountered in their schooling. 
C) Let's compare unit test scores of those who were placed in cooperative groups and those who were not. 
D) Let's enroll in a course that uses cooperative groups and observe the nature of the instruction from a student perspective. 
A) Let's follow the groups for the course of the project and take notes about their social interactions and dialogues. 
B) Let's conduct some focus groups with college students about the types of cooperative learning they have encountered in their schooling. 
C) Let's compare unit test scores of those who were placed in cooperative groups and those who were not. 
D) Let's enroll in a course that uses cooperative groups and observe the nature of the instruction from a student perspective.

Question 7

Kade has spent the past month carefully observing a group of third graders on the playground during recess,taking note of how the students interact with one another.On the basis of these observations,Kade is drawing conclusions about the interaction styles of boys and girls.This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A) theory building. 
B) deductive reasoning. 
C) inductive reasoning. 
D) the scientific method. 
A) theory building. 
B) deductive reasoning. 
C) inductive reasoning. 
D) the scientific method.

Question 8

A good researcher always begins with a(n):

Accepted Answer

A) theory. 
B) problem or unanswered question. 
C) hypothesis. 
D) interesting topic. 
A) theory. 
B) problem or unanswered question. 
C) hypothesis. 
D) interesting topic.

Question 9

A specific mechanism or strategy the researcher uses to collect,manipulate,or interpret data is known as a:

Accepted Answer

A) research tool. 
B) research method. 
C) statistical test. 
D) theory. 
A) research tool. 
B) research method. 
C) statistical test. 
D) theory.

Question 10

Qualitative researchers most commonly (but not exclusively)align with which of the following philosophical approaches to research?

Accepted Answer

A) positivism 
B) postpositivism 
C) constructivism 
D) pragmatism 
A) positivism 
B) postpositivism 
C) constructivism 
D) pragmatism

Question 11

Cameron is conducting a study that addresses the differences in achievement scores between schools that use block scheduling and schools that use a traditional scheduling format.He has accessed average achievement scores for 1200 schools and now is comparing the two groups.In which research step is Cameron engaged?

Accepted Answer

A) Recognize and identify a problem 
B) Interpret the meaning of the data 
C) Analyze the collected data 
D) Develop a specific plan to address the problem 
A) Recognize and identify a problem 
B) Interpret the meaning of the data 
C) Analyze the collected data 
D) Develop a specific plan to address the problem

Question 12

Research is considered cyclical because:

Accepted Answer

A) the researcher articulates the goals of the project and then collects data to solve a particular problem. 
B) questions lead to data collection which leads to interpretations and then to new problems. 
C) it has a number of steps that should be followed in order. 
D) it is based on solving problems and subproblems in a systematic,unbiased way. 
A) the researcher articulates the goals of the project and then collects data to solve a particular problem. 
B) questions lead to data collection which leads to interpretations and then to new problems. 
C) it has a number of steps that should be followed in order. 
D) it is based on solving problems and subproblems in a systematic,unbiased way.

Question 13

A specific mechanism or strategy the researcher uses to collect,manipulate,or interpret data is known as a(n):

Accepted Answer

A) research methodology. 
B) research tool. 
C) research hypothesis. 
D) research resource. 
A) research methodology. 
B) research tool. 
C) research hypothesis. 
D) research resource.

Question 14

Which of the following is true regarding the nature of descriptive and inferential statistics?

Accepted Answer

A) Descriptive statistics help us to describe the characteristics of data while inferential statistics help us to make decisions about data. 
B) Inferential statistics help us to describe the characteristics of data while descriptive statistics help us to make decisions about data. 
C) Descriptive statistics help us to determine causation from correlation. 
D) Inferential statistics help us to describe the shape of a set of data. 
A) Descriptive statistics help us to describe the characteristics of data while inferential statistics help us to make decisions about data. 
B) Inferential statistics help us to describe the characteristics of data while descriptive statistics help us to make decisions about data. 
C) Descriptive statistics help us to determine causation from correlation. 
D) Inferential statistics help us to describe the shape of a set of data.

Question 15

The philosophical assumption that objective scientific research can uncover true cause-and-effect relationships in the world is known as:

Accepted Answer

A) postpositivism. 
B) positivism. 
C) experimentation. 
D) realism. 
A) postpositivism. 
B) positivism. 
C) experimentation. 
D) realism.

Question 16

Graduate professors like to insist that the completion of thesis or dissertation research is not merely an "academic exercise" or final hurdle to obtaining the desired degree.Explain at least one personal benefit that the individual derives from completing a high- quality thesis or dissertation.Then explain at least one societal benefit that follows from the individual's completion of a high-quality thesis or dissertation.

Accepted Answer

Personal benefits include the opportunit

Question 17

This type of research generally focuses on amounts or quantities,typically in numeric form.

Accepted Answer

A) Qualitative research 
B) Quantitative research 
C) Action research 
D) Mixed-Methods research 
A) Qualitative research 
B) Quantitative research 
C) Action research 
D) Mixed-Methods research

Question 18

Having completed a series of studies for her dissertation,Marianela sits down to brainstorm about possible explanations for her key findings.She can see a variety of ways in which all data work together,and she prepares to write a final chapter in which she presents those ideas.We would most likely say Marianela is engaged in the process of:

Accepted Answer

A) science. 
B) theory building. 
C) constructivism. 
D) deductive reasoning. 
A) science. 
B) theory building. 
C) constructivism. 
D) deductive reasoning.

Question 19

To be considered true research,a project must:

Accepted Answer

A) gather together a body of existing information and communicate it in a clear and concise way. 
B) uncover obscure or esoteric information and bring it to the consideration of the broader research community. 
C) gather and interpret information in a systematic fashion so as to increase understanding of some phenomenon. 
D) produce definitive conclusions regarding the subject of study. 
A) gather together a body of existing information and communicate it in a clear and concise way. 
B) uncover obscure or esoteric information and bring it to the consideration of the broader research community. 
C) gather and interpret information in a systematic fashion so as to increase understanding of some phenomenon. 
D) produce definitive conclusions regarding the subject of study.

Question 20

Which of the following examples illustrates research as it is described in your textbook?

Accepted Answer

A) Sally is writing a paper about the effects of the Harry Potter books on the reading habits of fourth graders in the United States and United Kingdom.She goes to a research library to find information to include in her paper. 
B) Ian wants to know why the population of songbirds has declined in recent years in the Sutton Wilderness Area.He carefully collects soil and water samples,systematically surveys the entire area for predators,and then sits down to make sense of his findings. 
C) Leonard is starting a woodworking business and is not sure how to calculate the cost of his labor so he can be both profitable and fair to the customers.He asks several established business owners how they calculate labor changes. 
D) Bill is doing a report on the sonnets of Shakespeare.He carefully reads a number of sonnets and then carefully reads scholarly reviews of those same sonnets written by various Shakespeare scholars.He synthesizes all of this information in his report. 
A) Sally is writing a paper about the effects of the Harry Potter books on the reading habits of fourth graders in the United States and United Kingdom.She goes to a research library to find information to include in her paper. 
B) Ian wants to know why the population of songbirds has declined in recent years in the Sutton Wilderness Area.He carefully collects soil and water samples,systematically surveys the entire area for predators,and then sits down to make sense of his findings. 
C) Leonard is starting a woodworking business and is not sure how to calculate the cost of his labor so he can be both profitable and fair to the customers.He asks several established business owners how they calculate labor changes. 
D) Bill is doing a report on the sonnets of Shakespeare.He carefully reads a number of sonnets and then carefully reads scholarly reviews of those same sonnets written by various Shakespeare scholars.He synthesizes all of this information in his report.

Researchers who ascribe to the belief that there are multiple realities to be discovered are known as:

Describe an example of the word research being used inappropriately.Be clear about how your example deviates from the definition of research offered in the chapter.

The primary purpose of inferential statistics is to:

Kimberly knows that teenagers often do not make good decisions in areas where they have little knowledge.She also knows that most teens have little knowledge about human sexuality.Therefore,Kimberly believes that teens are likely to make poor decisions about sexual activity.This is an example of:

The primary reason to seek research articles published in academic journals,rather than those posted by the author on the Internet,is that:

Which of the following is most likely a statement made by a quantitative researcher?

Kade has spent the past month carefully observing a group of third graders on the playground during recess,taking note of how the students interact with one another.On the basis of these observations,Kade is drawing conclusions about the interaction styles of boys and girls.This is an example of:

A good researcher always begins with a(n):

A specific mechanism or strategy the researcher uses to collect,manipulate,or interpret data is known as a:

Qualitative researchers most commonly (but not exclusively)align with which of the following philosophical approaches to research?

Research is considered cyclical because:

A specific mechanism or strategy the researcher uses to collect,manipulate,or interpret data is known as a(n):

Which of the following is true regarding the nature of descriptive and inferential statistics?

The philosophical assumption that objective scientific research can uncover true cause-and-effect relationships in the world is known as:

This type of research generally focuses on amounts or quantities,typically in numeric form.

To be considered true research,a project must:

Which of the following examples illustrates research as it is described in your textbook?

The Problem: the Heart of the Research Process

Review of the Related Literature

Planning Your Research Project

Writing the Research Proposal

Descriptive Research

Experimental, quasi-Experimental, and Ex Post Facto Designs

Qualitative Research Methods

Mixed-Methods Designs

Action Research and Participatory Designs

Analyzing Quantitative Data

Analyzing Qualitative and Mixed-Methods Data

Planning and Preparing a Final Research Report

Filters

Exam 1: The Nature and Tools of Research

Researchers who ascribe to the belief that there are multiple realities to be discovered are known as:

Describe an example of the word research being used inappropriately.Be clear about how your example deviates from the definition of research offered in the chapter.

The primary purpose of inferential statistics is to:

Kimberly knows that teenagers often do not make good decisions in areas where they have little knowledge.She also knows that most teens have little knowledge about human sexuality.Therefore,Kimberly believes that teens are likely to make poor decisions about sexual activity.This is an example of:

The primary reason to seek research articles published in academic journals,rather than those posted by the author on the Internet,is that:

Which of the following is most likely a statement made by a quantitative researcher?

Kade has spent the past month carefully observing a group of third graders on the playground during recess,taking note of how the students interact with one another.On the basis of these observations,Kade is drawing conclusions about the interaction styles of boys and girls.This is an example of:

A good researcher always begins with a(n):

A specific mechanism or strategy the researcher uses to collect,manipulate,or interpret data is known as a:

Qualitative researchers most commonly (but not exclusively)align with which of the following philosophical approaches to research?

Research is considered cyclical because:

A specific mechanism or strategy the researcher uses to collect,manipulate,or interpret data is known as a(n):

Which of the following is true regarding the nature of descriptive and inferential statistics?

The philosophical assumption that objective scientific research can uncover true cause-and-effect relationships in the world is known as:

This type of research generally focuses on amounts or quantities,typically in numeric form.

To be considered true research,a project must:

Which of the following examples illustrates research as it is described in your textbook?

The Problem: the Heart of the Research Process

Review of the Related Literature

Planning Your Research Project

Writing the Research Proposal

Descriptive Research

Experimental, quasi-Experimental, and Ex Post Facto Designs

Qualitative Research Methods

Mixed-Methods Designs

Action Research and Participatory Designs

Analyzing Quantitative Data

Analyzing Qualitative and Mixed-Methods Data

Planning and Preparing a Final Research Report

Filters