Question 1

Which of the following statements most accurately describes the relationship of dyslexia to genetics?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is no relationship between dyslexia and genetics. 
B)  There is a strong relationship between dyslexia and genetics,resulting from a single gene. 
C)  There is a strong relationship between dyslexia and genetics,but the genetic influences are highly complex. 
D)  Dyslexia is a sex-linked condition,which explains why males are more likely than females to be diagnosed with dyslexia. 
A)  There is no relationship between dyslexia and genetics. 
B)  There is a strong relationship between dyslexia and genetics,resulting from a single gene. 
C)  There is a strong relationship between dyslexia and genetics,but the genetic influences are highly complex. 
D)  Dyslexia is a sex-linked condition,which explains why males are more likely than females to be diagnosed with dyslexia.

Question 2

People with Wernicke's aphasia

Accepted Answer

A)  comprehend speech more effectively than written words. 
B)  comprehend written words more effectively than speech. 
C)  are unable to comprehend either written or spoken language. 
D)  speak more clearly than they write. 
A)  comprehend speech more effectively than written words. 
B)  comprehend written words more effectively than speech. 
C)  are unable to comprehend either written or spoken language. 
D)  speak more clearly than they write.

Question 3

Stuttering is

Accepted Answer

A)  not improved by any known medications. 
B)  improved by the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)such as Prozac. 
C)  improved by the use of dopamine agonists and worsened by the use of dopamine antagonists. 
D)  improved by the use of dopamine antagonists and worsened by the use of dopamine agonists. 
A)  not improved by any known medications. 
B)  improved by the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)such as Prozac. 
C)  improved by the use of dopamine agonists and worsened by the use of dopamine antagonists. 
D)  improved by the use of dopamine antagonists and worsened by the use of dopamine agonists.

Question 4

Among early hominids,language might have developed about the same time as

Accepted Answer

A)  cooperation and tool use. 
B)  agriculture. 
C)  cave art. 
D)  burial of the dead. 
A)  cooperation and tool use. 
B)  agriculture. 
C)  cave art. 
D)  burial of the dead.

Question 5

Comparisons of a savant with autism and savant patients with frontotemporal dementia (FTD)indicate that all patients may have experienced _________ deficits.

Accepted Answer

A)  right hemisphere 
B)  left hemisphere 
C)  no measurable 
D)  subcortical 
A)  right hemisphere 
B)  left hemisphere 
C)  no measurable 
D)  subcortical

Question 6

Analysis of the development of the FOXP2 gene suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)  other human species,including the Neanderthals,might have possessed language capabilities. 
B)  Homo sapiens is the only human species likely to be capable of true language abilities. 
C)  great apes possess the same language abilities as early humans. 
D)  true language abilities developed within the last 15,000 years. 
A)  other human species,including the Neanderthals,might have possessed language capabilities. 
B)  Homo sapiens is the only human species likely to be capable of true language abilities. 
C)  great apes possess the same language abilities as early humans. 
D)  true language abilities developed within the last 15,000 years.

Question 7

Split-brain operations are used to treat seizures because

Accepted Answer

A)  seizures require coordinated activity in both hemispheres. 
B)  seizures still occur,but only half the body is involved. 
C)  electrical disturbances confined to one hemisphere may not reach threshold for observable clinical symptoms. 
D)  there are no other available treatments. 
A)  seizures require coordinated activity in both hemispheres. 
B)  seizures still occur,but only half the body is involved. 
C)  electrical disturbances confined to one hemisphere may not reach threshold for observable clinical symptoms. 
D)  there are no other available treatments.

Question 8

In the language model by Dronkers,Pinker,and Damasio,semantic knowledge is managed by a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  implementation system existing in Broca's and Wernicke's areas. 
B)  mediational system existing in association cortex of the temporal,parietal,and frontal lobes. 
C)  conceptual system existing in Broca's and Wernicke's areas. 
D)  conceptual system existing in higher-order association cortex. 
A)  implementation system existing in Broca's and Wernicke's areas. 
B)  mediational system existing in association cortex of the temporal,parietal,and frontal lobes. 
C)  conceptual system existing in Broca's and Wernicke's areas. 
D)  conceptual system existing in higher-order association cortex.

Question 9

Evidence for cultural transmission of ape language is provided by

Accepted Answer

A)  Washoe's ability to sign "waterbird" while observing a swan. 
B)  the ability of great apes to learn sign language from humans. 
C)  Kanzi's ability to learn symbols by watching his mother's training. 
D)  Kanzi's ability to respond to verbal commands. 
A)  Washoe's ability to sign "waterbird" while observing a swan. 
B)  the ability of great apes to learn sign language from humans. 
C)  Kanzi's ability to learn symbols by watching his mother's training. 
D)  Kanzi's ability to respond to verbal commands.

Question 10

Jill's epilepsy is not responding to medication and is causing life-threatening symptoms.Her doctor has suggested surgery.One of the first steps in preparation for her surgery will be _________,to determine where her language center is located.

Accepted Answer

A)  a Wada test 
B)  a positron emission tomography (PET)scan 
C)  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) 
D)  a computerized tomography (CT)scan 
A)  a Wada test 
B)  a positron emission tomography (PET)scan 
C)  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) 
D)  a computerized tomography (CT)scan

Question 11

Most research on cognitive differences between males and females suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)  there are no consistent differences between male and female cognitive abilities. 
B)  males have a slight advantage over females in verbal skills. 
C)  females have a slight advantage over males in verbal skills. 
D)  males have a slight advantage over females in musical skills. 
A)  there are no consistent differences between male and female cognitive abilities. 
B)  males have a slight advantage over females in verbal skills. 
C)  females have a slight advantage over males in verbal skills. 
D)  males have a slight advantage over females in musical skills.

Question 12

Evidence for language-like capabilities in great apes includes

Accepted Answer

A)  a vocal apparatus that is very similar to that found in humans. 
B)  mutations in the FOXP2 gene also found in humans. 
C)  the existence of mirror neurons and structural asymmetries in areas analogous to the human Broca's area. 
D)  handedness similar to that found in humans,indicating lateralization of function. 
A)  a vocal apparatus that is very similar to that found in humans. 
B)  mutations in the FOXP2 gene also found in humans. 
C)  the existence of mirror neurons and structural asymmetries in areas analogous to the human Broca's area. 
D)  handedness similar to that found in humans,indicating lateralization of function.

Question 13

Communication by which of the following meets all ten of Aitchison's language criteria?

Accepted Answer

A)  bees,birds,and mammals 
B)  birds and mammals 
C)  humans,great apes,and birds 
D)  possibly humans only 
A)  bees,birds,and mammals 
B)  birds and mammals 
C)  humans,great apes,and birds 
D)  possibly humans only

Question 14

Compared with healthy controls,individuals with schizophrenia

Accepted Answer

A)  show no differences in the lateralization of language. 
B)  are less likely to be ambidextrous. 
C)  are more likely to lateralize language to the left hemisphere. 
D)  are more likely to lateralize language to the right hemisphere or to show no hemisphere asymmetry. 
A)  show no differences in the lateralization of language. 
B)  are less likely to be ambidextrous. 
C)  are more likely to lateralize language to the left hemisphere. 
D)  are more likely to lateralize language to the right hemisphere or to show no hemisphere asymmetry.

Question 15

Savant behaviors occur

Accepted Answer

A)  only in individuals with autism. 
B)  in the majority of individuals with autism and mental retardation. 
C)  in a small minority of individuals with autism and mental retardation. 
D)  only in people who have experienced brain damage. 
A)  only in individuals with autism. 
B)  in the majority of individuals with autism and mental retardation. 
C)  in a small minority of individuals with autism and mental retardation. 
D)  only in people who have experienced brain damage.

Question 16

The heritability of intelligence is typically estimated to be between _________ percent.

Accepted Answer

A)  20 and 40 
B)  40 and 60 
C)  60 and 80 
D)  80 and 100 
A)  20 and 40 
B)  40 and 60 
C)  60 and 80 
D)  80 and 100

Question 17

Broca's area is located in the

Accepted Answer

A)  inferior frontal lobe. 
B)  orbitofrontal cortex. 
C)  superior temporal lobe. 
D)  insula. 
A)  inferior frontal lobe. 
B)  orbitofrontal cortex. 
C)  superior temporal lobe. 
D)  insula.

Question 18

Compared with typical controls,people with dyslexia show

Accepted Answer

A)  no differences in brain symmetry. 
B)  greater asymmetry in the planum temporale. 
C)  less asymmetry in the planum temporale. 
D)  a higher degree of laterality. 
A)  no differences in brain symmetry. 
B)  greater asymmetry in the planum temporale. 
C)  less asymmetry in the planum temporale. 
D)  a higher degree of laterality.

Question 19

Fiber pathways connecting the two hemispheres are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  tracts. 
B)  commissures. 
C)  ganglia. 
D)  decussations. 
A)  tracts. 
B)  commissures. 
C)  ganglia. 
D)  decussations.

Question 20

In Gazzaniga's experiment with split-brain patients in which the word "HE" appeared to the left of a fixation point and the word "ART" appeared to the right,how did participants respond when asked what they had seen?

Accepted Answer

A)  They said,"ART." 
B)  They said,"HE." 
C)  They said,"HEART." 
D)  They were unable to respond,since they could no longer read. 
A)  They said,"ART." 
B)  They said,"HE." 
C)  They said,"HEART." 
D)  They were unable to respond,since they could no longer read.

Which of the following statements most accurately describes the relationship of dyslexia to genetics?

People with Wernicke's aphasia

Stuttering is

Among early hominids,language might have developed about the same time as

Comparisons of a savant with autism and savant patients with frontotemporal dementia (FTD)indicate that all patients may have experienced _________ deficits.

Analysis of the development of the FOXP2 gene suggests that

Split-brain operations are used to treat seizures because

In the language model by Dronkers,Pinker,and Damasio,semantic knowledge is managed by a(n)

Evidence for cultural transmission of ape language is provided by

Jill's epilepsy is not responding to medication and is causing life-threatening symptoms.Her doctor has suggested surgery.One of the first steps in preparation for her surgery will be _________,to determine where her language center is located.

Most research on cognitive differences between males and females suggests that

Evidence for language-like capabilities in great apes includes

Communication by which of the following meets all ten of Aitchison's language criteria?

Compared with healthy controls,individuals with schizophrenia

Savant behaviors occur

The heritability of intelligence is typically estimated to be between _________ percent.

Broca's area is located in the

Compared with typical controls,people with dyslexia show

Fiber pathways connecting the two hemispheres are known as

In Gazzaniga's experiment with split-brain patients in which the word "HE" appeared to the left of a fixation point and the word "ART" appeared to the right,how did participants respond when asked what they had seen?

Introducing Biological Psychology

The Anatomy and Evolution of the Nervous System

Cells of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Temperature Regulation,thirst,and Hunger

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Learning and Memory

Emotion, reward, aggression, and Stress

Neurological Disorders

Psychological Disorders

Filters

Exam 13: Lateralization, language, and Intelligence

Which of the following statements most accurately describes the relationship of dyslexia to genetics?

People with Wernicke's aphasia

Stuttering is

Among early hominids,language might have developed about the same time as

Comparisons of a savant with autism and savant patients with frontotemporal dementia (FTD)indicate that all patients may have experienced _________ deficits.

Analysis of the development of the FOXP2 gene suggests that

Split-brain operations are used to treat seizures because

In the language model by Dronkers,Pinker,and Damasio,semantic knowledge is managed by a(n)

Evidence for cultural transmission of ape language is provided by

Jill's epilepsy is not responding to medication and is causing life-threatening symptoms.Her doctor has suggested surgery.One of the first steps in preparation for her surgery will be _________,to determine where her language center is located.

Most research on cognitive differences between males and females suggests that

Evidence for language-like capabilities in great apes includes

Communication by which of the following meets all ten of Aitchison's language criteria?

Compared with healthy controls,individuals with schizophrenia

Savant behaviors occur

The heritability of intelligence is typically estimated to be between _________ percent.

Broca's area is located in the

Compared with typical controls,people with dyslexia show

Fiber pathways connecting the two hemispheres are known as

In Gazzaniga's experiment with split-brain patients in which the word "HE" appeared to the left of a fixation point and the word "ART" appeared to the right,how did participants respond when asked what they had seen?

Introducing Biological Psychology

The Anatomy and Evolution of the Nervous System

Cells of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Temperature Regulation,thirst,and Hunger

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Learning and Memory

Emotion, reward, aggression, and Stress

Neurological Disorders

Psychological Disorders

Filters