Question 1

The long-term activation of protein kinase A (PKA)is associated with learning in invertebrates,but other enzymes appear to be involved with learning in vertebrates.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

Why is trace conditioning,but not delay conditioning,considered a type of declarative memory?

Accepted Answer

Delay conditioning involves an overlap in time between the presentation of the conditioned and unconditioned stimuli,whereas a stimulus-free interval separates the conditioned and unconditioned stimuli in trace conditioning.In human research,bridging this stimulus-free interval requires conscious,declarative processes,suggesting that trace conditioning might provide an excellent model for studying declarative processes in other animals.

Question 3

The formation of procedural memories may involve activity in the

Accepted Answer

A)  dorsomedial thalamus. 
B)  anterior thalamus. 
C)  striatum. 
D)  hippocampus. 
A)  dorsomedial thalamus. 
B)  anterior thalamus. 
C)  striatum. 
D)  hippocampus. C

Question 4

Long-term depression (LTD)results from

Accepted Answer

A)  influxes of calcium and sodium into the Purkinje cell. 
B)  influx of calcium and activation of protein kinase C in the Purkinje cell. 
C)  influx of sodium and activation of protein kinase C in the Purkinje cell. 
D)  influxes of calcium and sodium and activation of protein kinase C in the Purkinje cell. 
A)  influxes of calcium and sodium into the Purkinje cell. 
B)  influx of calcium and activation of protein kinase C in the Purkinje cell. 
C)  influx of sodium and activation of protein kinase C in the Purkinje cell. 
D)  influxes of calcium and sodium and activation of protein kinase C in the Purkinje cell.

Question 5

Monkeys were most impaired in their performance on the delayed nonmatching to sample (DNMS)test following lesions in the interpositus nucleus of the cerebellum.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Inactivation of the red nucleus prevents eyeblink conditioning,but inactivation of the interpositus nucleus has no effect on learning.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Memories of an individual's personal experience are stored in _________ memory.

Accepted Answer

A)  procedural 
B)  episodic 
C)  working 
D)  semantic 
A)  procedural 
B)  episodic 
C)  working 
D)  semantic

Question 8

Trace conditioning

Accepted Answer

A)  requires the participation of the same structures as delay conditioning. 
B)  requires the participation of forebrain structures to bridge the gap between the conditioned and unconditioned stimuli. 
C)  requires the participation of the cerebellum to bridge the gap between the conditioned and unconditioned stimuli. 
D)  requires a functional amygdala. 
A)  requires the participation of the same structures as delay conditioning. 
B)  requires the participation of forebrain structures to bridge the gap between the conditioned and unconditioned stimuli. 
C)  requires the participation of the cerebellum to bridge the gap between the conditioned and unconditioned stimuli. 
D)  requires a functional amygdala.

Question 9

Interneurons involved with sensitization in Aplysia release the neurotransmitter

Accepted Answer

A)  dopamine. 
B)  acetylcholine. 
C)  serotonin. 
D)  norepinephrine. 
A)  dopamine. 
B)  acetylcholine. 
C)  serotonin. 
D)  norepinephrine.

Question 10

What do the case studies of patients H.M.and N.A.tell us about memory?

Accepted Answer

Patient H.M.had much of his temporal lob

Question 11

Jeremy is an experienced professional sprinter who is confident in his technique and preparation.As his stress levels increase during an important competition,it is likely that his performance will

Accepted Answer

A)  continue to improve. 
B)  decrease. 
C)  improve at first,but after his stress reaches a certain point,his performance will decrease. 
D)  decrease at first,but after his stress reaches a certain point,his performance will improve. 
A)  continue to improve. 
B)  decrease. 
C)  improve at first,but after his stress reaches a certain point,his performance will decrease. 
D)  decrease at first,but after his stress reaches a certain point,his performance will improve.

Question 12

Strong emotions are correlated with

Accepted Answer

A)  immediate enhancement of LTP in the hippocampus,followed by a refractory period. 
B)  immediate inhibition of LTP in the hippocampus,followed by a period of unusual excitation. 
C)  long-term enhancement of LTP in the hippocampus. 
D)  long-term inhibition of LTP in the hippocampus. 
A)  immediate enhancement of LTP in the hippocampus,followed by a refractory period. 
B)  immediate inhibition of LTP in the hippocampus,followed by a period of unusual excitation. 
C)  long-term enhancement of LTP in the hippocampus. 
D)  long-term inhibition of LTP in the hippocampus.

Question 13

The interneurons involved with sensitization in Aplysia form which of the following types of synapse?

Accepted Answer

A)  axo-axonic synapses on sensory neurons serving the siphon 
B)  axo-dendritic synapses on sensory neurons serving the siphon 
C)  axo-axonic synapses on the motor neurons serving the gill 
D)  axo-dendritic synapses on the motor neurons serving the gill 
A)  axo-axonic synapses on sensory neurons serving the siphon 
B)  axo-dendritic synapses on sensory neurons serving the siphon 
C)  axo-axonic synapses on the motor neurons serving the gill 
D)  axo-dendritic synapses on the motor neurons serving the gill

Question 14

The output cells of the cerebellum receive _________ input from _________ cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  excitatory;granule 
B)  inhibitory;granule 
C)  excitatory;Purkinje 
D)  inhibitory;Purkinje 
A)  excitatory;granule 
B)  inhibitory;granule 
C)  excitatory;Purkinje 
D)  inhibitory;Purkinje

Question 15

Courtney suffered a very serious dog bite when she was a small child,and she still recoils in fear from her friends' dogs.It is likely that for Courtney,dogs now serve as

Accepted Answer

A)  unconditioned responses. 
B)  unconditioned stimuli. 
C)  conditioned responses. 
D)  conditioned stimuli. 
A)  unconditioned responses. 
B)  unconditioned stimuli. 
C)  conditioned responses. 
D)  conditioned stimuli.

Question 16

Lesions in the striatum interfere with _________ memories.

Accepted Answer

A)  procedural,but not declarative 
B)  declarative,but not procedural 
C)  both declarative and procedural 
D)  short-term,but not long-term 
A)  procedural,but not declarative 
B)  declarative,but not procedural 
C)  both declarative and procedural 
D)  short-term,but not long-term

Question 17

In response to stressful events,the amygdala

Accepted Answer

A)  remains silent. 
B)  experiences long-term excitation. 
C)  experiences long-term inhibition. 
D)  experiences enhanced activity followed by a refractory period. 
A)  remains silent. 
B)  experiences long-term excitation. 
C)  experiences long-term inhibition. 
D)  experiences enhanced activity followed by a refractory period.

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of a semantic memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  the name of the first president of the United States 
B)  what happened at your best childhood birthday party ever 
C)  how to ride a bike 
D)  where you were when you heard about the Twin Towers being attacked 
A)  the name of the first president of the United States 
B)  what happened at your best childhood birthday party ever 
C)  how to ride a bike 
D)  where you were when you heard about the Twin Towers being attacked

Question 19

You walk into a room and see someone you know you've met before,but you have no idea when or where you met this person.Which of the following phenomena can best explain this?

Accepted Answer

A)  retrograde amnesia 
B)  Alzheimer's disease 
C)  source amnesia 
D)  faulty short-term memory 
A)  retrograde amnesia 
B)  Alzheimer's disease 
C)  source amnesia 
D)  faulty short-term memory

Question 20

Long-term potentiation (LTP)is similar to long-term memory in which of the following ways?

Accepted Answer

A)  It requires input to be presented at rates of 2 per second or less. 
B)  It occurs only in the hippocampus. 
C)  It takes only seconds to develop and lasts indefinitely. 
D)  It requires the activity of neurons that release acetylcholine (ACh). 
A)  It requires input to be presented at rates of 2 per second or less. 
B)  It occurs only in the hippocampus. 
C)  It takes only seconds to develop and lasts indefinitely. 
D)  It requires the activity of neurons that release acetylcholine (ACh).

The long-term activation of protein kinase A (PKA)is associated with learning in invertebrates,but other enzymes appear to be involved with learning in vertebrates.

Why is trace conditioning,but not delay conditioning,considered a type of declarative memory?

The formation of procedural memories may involve activity in the

Long-term depression (LTD)results from

Monkeys were most impaired in their performance on the delayed nonmatching to sample (DNMS)test following lesions in the interpositus nucleus of the cerebellum.

Inactivation of the red nucleus prevents eyeblink conditioning,but inactivation of the interpositus nucleus has no effect on learning.

Memories of an individual's personal experience are stored in _________ memory.

Trace conditioning

Interneurons involved with sensitization in Aplysia release the neurotransmitter

What do the case studies of patients H.M.and N.A.tell us about memory?

Jeremy is an experienced professional sprinter who is confident in his technique and preparation.As his stress levels increase during an important competition,it is likely that his performance will

Strong emotions are correlated with

The interneurons involved with sensitization in Aplysia form which of the following types of synapse?

The output cells of the cerebellum receive _ input from _ cells.

Courtney suffered a very serious dog bite when she was a small child,and she still recoils in fear from her friends' dogs.It is likely that for Courtney,dogs now serve as

Lesions in the striatum interfere with _________ memories.

In response to stressful events,the amygdala

Which of the following is an example of a semantic memory?

You walk into a room and see someone you know you've met before,but you have no idea when or where you met this person.Which of the following phenomena can best explain this?

Long-term potentiation (LTP)is similar to long-term memory in which of the following ways?

Introducing Biological Psychology

The Anatomy and Evolution of the Nervous System

Cells of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Temperature Regulation,thirst,and Hunger

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Lateralization, language, and Intelligence

Emotion, reward, aggression, and Stress

Neurological Disorders

Psychological Disorders

Filters

Exam 12: Learning and Memory

The long-term activation of protein kinase A (PKA)is associated with learning in invertebrates,but other enzymes appear to be involved with learning in vertebrates.

Why is trace conditioning,but not delay conditioning,considered a type of declarative memory?

The formation of procedural memories may involve activity in the

Long-term depression (LTD)results from

Monkeys were most impaired in their performance on the delayed nonmatching to sample (DNMS)test following lesions in the interpositus nucleus of the cerebellum.

Inactivation of the red nucleus prevents eyeblink conditioning,but inactivation of the interpositus nucleus has no effect on learning.

Memories of an individual's personal experience are stored in _________ memory.

Trace conditioning

Interneurons involved with sensitization in Aplysia release the neurotransmitter

What do the case studies of patients H.M.and N.A.tell us about memory?

Jeremy is an experienced professional sprinter who is confident in his technique and preparation.As his stress levels increase during an important competition,it is likely that his performance will

Strong emotions are correlated with

The interneurons involved with sensitization in Aplysia form which of the following types of synapse?

The output cells of the cerebellum receive _________ input from _________ cells.

Courtney suffered a very serious dog bite when she was a small child,and she still recoils in fear from her friends' dogs.It is likely that for Courtney,dogs now serve as

Lesions in the striatum interfere with _________ memories.

In response to stressful events,the amygdala

Which of the following is an example of a semantic memory?

You walk into a room and see someone you know you've met before,but you have no idea when or where you met this person.Which of the following phenomena can best explain this?

Long-term potentiation (LTP)is similar to long-term memory in which of the following ways?

Introducing Biological Psychology

The Anatomy and Evolution of the Nervous System

Cells of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Movement

Temperature Regulation,thirst,and Hunger

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Lateralization, language, and Intelligence

Emotion, reward, aggression, and Stress

Neurological Disorders

Psychological Disorders

Filters

The output cells of the cerebellum receive _ input from _ cells.