Question 1

Molecules composed of RNA that have enzymatic activity are known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  ribosomes. 
B)  RNases. 
C)  catalases. 
D)  ribozymes. 
E)  nucleases. 
A)  ribosomes. 
B)  RNases. 
C)  catalases. 
D)  ribozymes. 
E)  nucleases. D

Question 2

One hypothesis of viral origin suggests that viruses began as parasitic prokaryotes that gradually lost most of their genetic information and ultimately became completely dependent on host cells. This hypothesis is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  the regressive hypothesis. 
B)  the escaped gene hypothesis. 
C)  the coevolved hypothesis. 
D)  the transposon hypothesis. 
E)  the parasitic hypothesis. 
A)  the regressive hypothesis. 
B)  the escaped gene hypothesis. 
C)  the coevolved hypothesis. 
D)  the transposon hypothesis. 
E)  the parasitic hypothesis. A

Question 3

An experiment by Stanley Miller in the 1950s demonstrated that abiotic synthesis of organic molecules could occur:

Accepted Answer

A)  in a reducing environment. 
B)  in an oxidizing environment. 
C)  on the ocean floor. 
D)  at extremely high temperatures. 
E)  at extremely low temperatures. 
A)  in a reducing environment. 
B)  in an oxidizing environment. 
C)  on the ocean floor. 
D)  at extremely high temperatures. 
E)  at extremely low temperatures. A

Question 4

Which of the following facts provides evidence for endosymbiosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA, which replicates independently of the nuclear DNA. 
B)  Ribosomes in mitochondria and chloroplasts have a structure similar to bacterial ribosomes. 
C)  Chloroplasts have certain gene sequences in their DNA, which indicate a relationship with cyanobacteria. 
D)  Both "a" and "b" above provide such evidence. 
E)  All of the above provide such evidence. 
A)  Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA, which replicates independently of the nuclear DNA. 
B)  Ribosomes in mitochondria and chloroplasts have a structure similar to bacterial ribosomes. 
C)  Chloroplasts have certain gene sequences in their DNA, which indicate a relationship with cyanobacteria. 
D)  Both "a" and "b" above provide such evidence. 
E)  All of the above provide such evidence.

Question 5

Why is it that natural selection can never result in organisms that are perfectly adapted to their environment?

Accepted Answer

All organisms must be able to do many di

Question 6

Explain the rationale for the "RNA world" hypothesis.

Accepted Answer

All living things must reproduce, and re

Question 7

The idea that sexual reproduction evolved as a way to increase genetic diversity in a population, rendering that population less vulnerable to pathogens, is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  the sexual selection hypothesis. 
B)  the artificial selection hypothesis. 
C)  the red queen hypothesis. 
D)  the white rabbit hypothesis. 
E)  the pathogen vs. host hypothesis. 
A)  the sexual selection hypothesis. 
B)  the artificial selection hypothesis. 
C)  the red queen hypothesis. 
D)  the white rabbit hypothesis. 
E)  the pathogen vs. host hypothesis.

Question 8

Which of the following is believed to be the correct sequence for the order in which the following metabolic processes evolved?

Accepted Answer

A)  glycolysis » aerobic respiration » photosynthesis 
B)  photosynthesis » aerobic respiration » glycolysis 
C)  aerobic respiration » glycolysis » photosynthesis 
D)  photosynthesis » glycolysis » aerobic respiration 
E)  glycolysis » photosynthesis » aerobic respiration 
A)  glycolysis » aerobic respiration » photosynthesis 
B)  photosynthesis » aerobic respiration » glycolysis 
C)  aerobic respiration » glycolysis » photosynthesis 
D)  photosynthesis » glycolysis » aerobic respiration 
E)  glycolysis » photosynthesis » aerobic respiration

Question 9

Under which of the following conditions would resistance to a specific antibiotic most likely evolve?

Accepted Answer

A)  when the antibiotic is not commonly used 
B)  when the antibiotic is routinely used, even in inappropriate situations 
C)  when the antibiotic is used, but only in carefully controlled and appropriate situations 
D)  when the use of the antibiotic is suddenly curtailed 
E)  when several antibiotics, including the specific antibiotic under consideration, are used together 
A)  when the antibiotic is not commonly used 
B)  when the antibiotic is routinely used, even in inappropriate situations 
C)  when the antibiotic is used, but only in carefully controlled and appropriate situations 
D)  when the use of the antibiotic is suddenly curtailed 
E)  when several antibiotics, including the specific antibiotic under consideration, are used together

Question 10

It is believed that mitochondria were acquired by primitive eukaryotic cells before chloroplasts were. What is the evidence for this?

Accepted Answer

Virtually all eukaryotic cells contain m

Question 11

Which of the following points is not part of the theory of natural selection?

Accepted Answer

A)  Under ideal conditions, all populations can grow exponentially if all individuals survive and reproduce. 
B)  As environmental resources become limited, some individuals within a population are more likely to reproduce than others. 
C)  Individuals within a population are not genetically identical. 
D)  Those with a genetic makeup that results in the best adaptation to a particular set of environmental conditions are those most likely to reproduce. They will then pass on genes for these adaptations to their offspring. 
E)  Specific environmental conditions can cause specific favorable mutations to occur, resulting in better adaptation to those environmental conditions. 
A)  Under ideal conditions, all populations can grow exponentially if all individuals survive and reproduce. 
B)  As environmental resources become limited, some individuals within a population are more likely to reproduce than others. 
C)  Individuals within a population are not genetically identical. 
D)  Those with a genetic makeup that results in the best adaptation to a particular set of environmental conditions are those most likely to reproduce. They will then pass on genes for these adaptations to their offspring. 
E)  Specific environmental conditions can cause specific favorable mutations to occur, resulting in better adaptation to those environmental conditions.

Question 12

We might expect virulence of a particular human pathogen to decrease:

Accepted Answer

A)  when opportunities for transmission are limited. 
B)  when opportunities for transmission are abundant. 
C)  when animal reservoirs for the pathogen are scarce. 
D)  in very large human populations, such as a large city. 
E)  when it uses insect vectors for transmission. 
A)  when opportunities for transmission are limited. 
B)  when opportunities for transmission are abundant. 
C)  when animal reservoirs for the pathogen are scarce. 
D)  in very large human populations, such as a large city. 
E)  when it uses insect vectors for transmission.

Question 13

Which of the sequences below is believed to be correct for the order in which the following evolved?

Accepted Answer

A)  liposomes » first heterotrophic prokaryotes » first oxygen-yielding photosynthetic prokaryotes » first eukaryotes 
B)  first heterotrophic prokaryotes » first oxygen-yielding photosynthetic prokaryotes » liposomes » first eukaryotes 
C)  first oxygen-yielding photosynthetic prokaryotes » first heterotrophic prokaryotes » first eukaryotes » liposomes 
D)  eukaryotes » first heterotrophic prokaryotes » first oxygen-yielding photosynthetic prokaryotes » liposomes 
E)  liposomes » first oxygen-yielding photosynthetic prokaryotes » first heterotrophic prokaryotes » eukaryotes 
A)  liposomes » first heterotrophic prokaryotes » first oxygen-yielding photosynthetic prokaryotes » first eukaryotes 
B)  first heterotrophic prokaryotes » first oxygen-yielding photosynthetic prokaryotes » liposomes » first eukaryotes 
C)  first oxygen-yielding photosynthetic prokaryotes » first heterotrophic prokaryotes » first eukaryotes » liposomes 
D)  eukaryotes » first heterotrophic prokaryotes » first oxygen-yielding photosynthetic prokaryotes » liposomes 
E)  liposomes » first oxygen-yielding photosynthetic prokaryotes » first heterotrophic prokaryotes » eukaryotes

Molecules composed of RNA that have enzymatic activity are known as:

One hypothesis of viral origin suggests that viruses began as parasitic prokaryotes that gradually lost most of their genetic information and ultimately became completely dependent on host cells. This hypothesis is called:

An experiment by Stanley Miller in the 1950s demonstrated that abiotic synthesis of organic molecules could occur:

Which of the following facts provides evidence for endosymbiosis?

Why is it that natural selection can never result in organisms that are perfectly adapted to their environment?

Explain the rationale for the "RNA world" hypothesis.

The idea that sexual reproduction evolved as a way to increase genetic diversity in a population, rendering that population less vulnerable to pathogens, is called:

Which of the following is believed to be the correct sequence for the order in which the following metabolic processes evolved?

Under which of the following conditions would resistance to a specific antibiotic most likely evolve?

It is believed that mitochondria were acquired by primitive eukaryotic cells before chloroplasts were. What is the evidence for this?

Which of the following points is not part of the theory of natural selection?

We might expect virulence of a particular human pathogen to decrease:

Which of the sequences below is believed to be correct for the order in which the following evolved?

Living in a Microbial World

The Chemistry of Life

The Cell: Where Life Begins

A Field Guide to the Microorganisms

The Microbiology of History and the History of Microbiology

Microbial Genetics

Metabolism and Growth

An Ecologists Guide to Microbiology

The Nature of Disease: a Pathogens Perspective

Host Defense

Control of Microbial Growth

Epidemiology: Who, What, When, Where, and Why

The Future Is Here: Microorganisms and Biotechnology

Guess Whos Coming to Dinner: Microorganisms and Food

Better Living With Microorganisms: Industrial and Applied Microbiology

Filters

Exam 8: Microbial Evolution: the Origin and Diversity of Life

Molecules composed of RNA that have enzymatic activity are known as:

One hypothesis of viral origin suggests that viruses began as parasitic prokaryotes that gradually lost most of their genetic information and ultimately became completely dependent on host cells. This hypothesis is called:

An experiment by Stanley Miller in the 1950s demonstrated that abiotic synthesis of organic molecules could occur:

Which of the following facts provides evidence for endosymbiosis?

Why is it that natural selection can never result in organisms that are perfectly adapted to their environment?

Explain the rationale for the "RNA world" hypothesis.

The idea that sexual reproduction evolved as a way to increase genetic diversity in a population, rendering that population less vulnerable to pathogens, is called:

Which of the following is believed to be the correct sequence for the order in which the following metabolic processes evolved?

Under which of the following conditions would resistance to a specific antibiotic most likely evolve?

It is believed that mitochondria were acquired by primitive eukaryotic cells before chloroplasts were. What is the evidence for this?

Which of the following points is not part of the theory of natural selection?

We might expect virulence of a particular human pathogen to decrease:

Which of the sequences below is believed to be correct for the order in which the following evolved?

Living in a Microbial World

The Chemistry of Life

The Cell: Where Life Begins

A Field Guide to the Microorganisms

The Microbiology of History and the History of Microbiology

Microbial Genetics

Metabolism and Growth

An Ecologists Guide to Microbiology

The Nature of Disease: a Pathogens Perspective

Host Defense

Control of Microbial Growth

Epidemiology: Who, What, When, Where, and Why

The Future Is Here: Microorganisms and Biotechnology

Guess Whos Coming to Dinner: Microorganisms and Food

Better Living With Microorganisms: Industrial and Applied Microbiology

Filters