Question 1

scenario best describes Piaget's concept of assimilation?

Accepted Answer

A)  An infant who knows how to breast feed does not find it difficult to feed from a bottle. 
B)  A grade-10 student reading a text from a different culture and trying to understand it. 
C)  A 7-year-old seeing an airplane for the first time and knowing nothing about flight. 
D)  A young boy from Zimbabwe coming to Canada in January and seeing snow. 
A)  An infant who knows how to breast feed does not find it difficult to feed from a bottle. 
B)  A grade-10 student reading a text from a different culture and trying to understand it. 
C)  A 7-year-old seeing an airplane for the first time and knowing nothing about flight. 
D)  A young boy from Zimbabwe coming to Canada in January and seeing snow.

Question 2

Marty is most likely

Accepted Answer

A)  using hypothetical-deductive reasoning. 
B)  a preoperational thinker. 
C)  a concrete operational thinker. 
D)  going to be a construction worker when he grows up. 
A)  using hypothetical-deductive reasoning. 
B)  a preoperational thinker. 
C)  a concrete operational thinker. 
D)  going to be a construction worker when he grows up.

Question 3

advantage of mnemonic devices is that they

Accepted Answer

A)  make remembering more effective. 
B)  help automate processing. 
C)  get you hooked on phonics. 
D)  contribute to dualistic thinking. 
A)  make remembering more effective. 
B)  help automate processing. 
C)  get you hooked on phonics. 
D)  contribute to dualistic thinking.

Question 4

Deciding to have Gladys help Tony learn anatomy, the teacher is helping Tony work within his

Accepted Answer

A)  fluid intelligence. 
B)  absolute performance. 
C)  zone of proximal development. 
D)  triarchic theory of intelligence. 
A)  fluid intelligence. 
B)  absolute performance. 
C)  zone of proximal development. 
D)  triarchic theory of intelligence.

Question 5

Describe the differences between Vygotsky's sociocultural approach to cognitive development and Piaget's approach.

Accepted Answer

• Piaget believed that development proce

Question 6

Compared to the brain scan of an 8-year-old girl, you'd most likely see

Accepted Answer

A)  increased frontal lobe. 
B)  a larger cerebellum. 
C)  decreased myelination. 
D)  a smaller hypothalamus. 
A)  increased frontal lobe. 
B)  a larger cerebellum. 
C)  decreased myelination. 
D)  a smaller hypothalamus.

Question 7

Hypothetical-deductive reasoning is defined as

Accepted Answer

A)  engaging in a systematic test of possible solutions. 
B)  changing multiple variables to arrive at a single solution. 
C)  monitoring one's own cognition in order to understand the issue. 
D)  only being able to imagine realistic solutions. 
A)  engaging in a systematic test of possible solutions. 
B)  changing multiple variables to arrive at a single solution. 
C)  monitoring one's own cognition in order to understand the issue. 
D)  only being able to imagine realistic solutions.

Question 8

Which statement best characterizes the current climate in American high schools?

Accepted Answer

A)  Schools tend to embrace the teachings of Gardner. 
B)  Schools tend to promote postformal reasoning. 
C)  Schools promote critical thinking. 
D)  Schools promote rote learning and memorization. 
A)  Schools tend to embrace the teachings of Gardner. 
B)  Schools tend to promote postformal reasoning. 
C)  Schools promote critical thinking. 
D)  Schools promote rote learning and memorization.

Question 9

Critical thinking develops automatically during adolescence.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Elkind's study (2007) it was shown that girls had higher reported scores on personal fable and risk behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

does guidance refer to in Rogoff's concept of guided participation?

Accepted Answer

A)  The degree of assistance provided in the zone of proximal development 
B)  What one is capable of doing if instructed by a more competent peer 
C)  The accumulated knowledge needed by a competent peer to assist a student 
D)  The direction offered by cultural and social values as well as social partners 
A)  The degree of assistance provided in the zone of proximal development 
B)  What one is capable of doing if instructed by a more competent peer 
C)  The accumulated knowledge needed by a competent peer to assist a student 
D)  The direction offered by cultural and social values as well as social partners

Question 12

Piaget shifted his interest from studying mollusks to studying human development, he was interested in

Accepted Answer

A)  seeing how evolution influenced development. 
B)  children's interactions with animals. 
C)  tracing the impact of genetics. 
D)  wrong answers children gave. 
A)  seeing how evolution influenced development. 
B)  children's interactions with animals. 
C)  tracing the impact of genetics. 
D)  wrong answers children gave.

Question 13

Concerning the automaticity of problem solving, the biggest difference between 9-year-old Charlie and his 50-year-old father, Martin, is that

Accepted Answer

A)  Charlie's problem solving is more automatic. 
B)  Martin's problem solving is more automatic. 
C)  both are the same. 
D)  one could not draw conclusions based on their ages. 
A)  Charlie's problem solving is more automatic. 
B)  Martin's problem solving is more automatic. 
C)  both are the same. 
D)  one could not draw conclusions based on their ages.

Question 14

average units of information stored in short-term memory is

Accepted Answer

A)  5. 
B)  9. 
C)  7. 
D)  16. 
A)  5. 
B)  9. 
C)  7. 
D)  16.

Question 15

automaticity decreases, what increases?

Accepted Answer

A)  Conscious effort 
B)  Processing capacity 
C)  Divided attention 
D)  Processing speed 
A)  Conscious effort 
B)  Processing capacity 
C)  Divided attention 
D)  Processing speed

Question 16

Scaffolding refers to the gap between what adolescents can accomplish alone and what they are capable of doing if guided by an adult or a more competent peer.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

According to the text, optimistic bias is defined as

Accepted Answer

A)  the gap between what children and adolescents can accomplish alone and what they are capable of doing if guided by a more competent peer. 
B)  the tendency to assume that accidents, diseases, and other misfortunes are more likely to happen to others than ourselves. 
C)  the cognitive process that occurs when a scheme is changed to adapt new information or assimilate prior knowledge. 
D)  an aspect of short-term memory that refers to where information may be influenced by heuristic thinking. 
A)  the gap between what children and adolescents can accomplish alone and what they are capable of doing if guided by a more competent peer. 
B)  the tendency to assume that accidents, diseases, and other misfortunes are more likely to happen to others than ourselves. 
C)  the cognitive process that occurs when a scheme is changed to adapt new information or assimilate prior knowledge. 
D)  an aspect of short-term memory that refers to where information may be influenced by heuristic thinking.

Question 18

According to the text, one positive benefit of Inuit children attending school has been to

Accepted Answer

A)  raise their intelligence. 
B)  assimilate to the majority culture. 
C)  gain autonomy from their parents. 
D)  allow a greater range of opportunities. 
A)  raise their intelligence. 
B)  assimilate to the majority culture. 
C)  gain autonomy from their parents. 
D)  allow a greater range of opportunities.

Question 19

is more likely to exhibit formal operational thinking?

Accepted Answer

A)  Geoff 
B)  Darlene 
C)  both 
D)  neither 
A)  Geoff 
B)  Darlene 
C)  both 
D)  neither

Question 20

order for Lynn to concentrate on her book, she needs to employ

Accepted Answer

A)  divided attention. 
B)  processing capacity. 
C)  short-term memory. 
D)  selective attention. 
A)  divided attention. 
B)  processing capacity. 
C)  short-term memory. 
D)  selective attention.

scenario best describes Piaget's concept of assimilation?

Marty is most likely

advantage of mnemonic devices is that they

Deciding to have Gladys help Tony learn anatomy, the teacher is helping Tony work within his

Describe the differences between Vygotsky's sociocultural approach to cognitive development and Piaget's approach.

Compared to the brain scan of an 8-year-old girl, you'd most likely see

Hypothetical-deductive reasoning is defined as

Which statement best characterizes the current climate in American high schools?

Critical thinking develops automatically during adolescence.

Elkind's study (2007) it was shown that girls had higher reported scores on personal fable and risk behavior.

does guidance refer to in Rogoff's concept of guided participation?

Piaget shifted his interest from studying mollusks to studying human development, he was interested in

Concerning the automaticity of problem solving, the biggest difference between 9-year-old Charlie and his 50-year-old father, Martin, is that

average units of information stored in short-term memory is

automaticity decreases, what increases?

Scaffolding refers to the gap between what adolescents can accomplish alone and what they are capable of doing if guided by an adult or a more competent peer.

According to the text, optimistic bias is defined as

According to the text, one positive benefit of Inuit children attending school has been to

is more likely to exhibit formal operational thinking?

order for Lynn to concentrate on her book, she needs to employ

Introduction

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Exam 3: Cognitive Foundations

scenario best describes Piaget's concept of assimilation?

Marty is most likely

advantage of mnemonic devices is that they

Deciding to have Gladys help Tony learn anatomy, the teacher is helping Tony work within his

Describe the differences between Vygotsky's sociocultural approach to cognitive development and Piaget's approach.

Compared to the brain scan of an 8-year-old girl, you'd most likely see

Hypothetical-deductive reasoning is defined as

Which statement best characterizes the current climate in American high schools?

Critical thinking develops automatically during adolescence.

Elkind's study (2007) it was shown that girls had higher reported scores on personal fable and risk behavior.

does guidance refer to in Rogoff's concept of guided participation?

Piaget shifted his interest from studying mollusks to studying human development, he was interested in

Concerning the automaticity of problem solving, the biggest difference between 9-year-old Charlie and his 50-year-old father, Martin, is that

average units of information stored in short-term memory is

automaticity decreases, what increases?

Scaffolding refers to the gap between what adolescents can accomplish alone and what they are capable of doing if guided by an adult or a more competent peer.

According to the text, optimistic bias is defined as

According to the text, one positive benefit of Inuit children attending school has been to

is more likely to exhibit formal operational thinking?

order for Lynn to concentrate on her book, she needs to employ

Introduction

Biological Foundations

Cultural Beliefs

Gender

The Self

Family Relationships

Friends and Peers

Love and Sexuality

School

Work

Media

Problems and Resilience

Filters