Question 1

Residual parent materials have formed in place and have not been transported from one area to another.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

Igneous rocks can best be characterized as:

Accepted Answer

A) rocks formed when molten magma solidifies 
B) rocks containing both feldspars and micas 
C) rocks formed from the recrystallization of sedimentary material 
D) rocks containing a mixture of primary and secondary minerals 
E) rocks found primarily near volcanoes. 
A) rocks formed when molten magma solidifies 
B) rocks containing both feldspars and micas 
C) rocks formed from the recrystallization of sedimentary material 
D) rocks containing a mixture of primary and secondary minerals 
E) rocks found primarily near volcanoes. A

Question 3

Glacial till can be recognized by the distinct layering of different kinds of particles.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

Exfoliation is caused by changes in _________.

Accepted Answer

A) hydration 
B) oxidation 
C) temperature 
D) carbon dioxide dissolution 
E) all of the above 
A) hydration 
B) oxidation 
C) temperature 
D) carbon dioxide dissolution 
E) all of the above

Question 5

Granite is an example of a(n) ________.

Accepted Answer

A) primary mineral 
B) sedimentary rock 
C) secondary mineral 
D) igneous rock 
E) eolian parent material 
A) primary mineral 
B) sedimentary rock 
C) secondary mineral 
D) igneous rock 
E) eolian parent material

Question 6

Silicate clay accumulation is most common in the ____.

Accepted Answer

A) A horizon 
B) B horizon 
C) C horizon 
D) O Horizon 
E) E horizon 
A) A horizon 
B) B horizon 
C) C horizon 
D) O Horizon 
E) E horizon

Question 7

Which of the following statements is not correct?

Accepted Answer

A) Grasslands are found in semi-arid and sub-humid areas. 
B) Coniferous forests are found mostly in cool humid areas. 
C) The type of native vegetation is controlled primarily by climate. 
D) Dense forests are found soil profiles have prominent O horizons. 
E) Tropical forests protect the soil from excessive weathering. 
A) Grasslands are found in semi-arid and sub-humid areas. 
B) Coniferous forests are found mostly in cool humid areas. 
C) The type of native vegetation is controlled primarily by climate. 
D) Dense forests are found soil profiles have prominent O horizons. 
E) Tropical forests protect the soil from excessive weathering.

Question 8

Alluvial fans are usually characterized by ???______ soils.

Accepted Answer

A) sandy and gravelly 
B) clay textured 
C) poorly drained 
D) nearly level 
A) sandy and gravelly 
B) clay textured 
C) poorly drained 
D) nearly level

Question 9

A soil developed in residual parent materials will likely have properties related to the properties of the rock below the C horizon.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The transformation of gneiss into mica, quartz, and feldspar crystals is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A) physical weathering 
B) chemical weathering 
C) disintegration 
D) hydrolysis 
E) both A and C 
A) physical weathering 
B) chemical weathering 
C) disintegration 
D) hydrolysis 
E) both A and C

Question 11

Weathering of rocks usually is most intense in the center of a rock fragment, and gradually decreases toward the outside.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Glacial till is a term used to describe parent materials that:

Accepted Answer

A) were transported by water gushing from glacial fronts. 
B) were laid down in the bottom of former glacial lakes. 
C) were transported by high winds during glacial periods. 
D) are sorted by rapidly flowing melt waters. 
E) contain a heterogeneous mixture of mineral debris dropped by receding glaciers. 
A) were transported by water gushing from glacial fronts. 
B) were laid down in the bottom of former glacial lakes. 
C) were transported by high winds during glacial periods. 
D) are sorted by rapidly flowing melt waters. 
E) contain a heterogeneous mixture of mineral debris dropped by receding glaciers.

Question 13

Sapric and fibric are terms used to describe peat parent materials.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Organic deposits are most common in areas where water flow over the soil surface is restricted.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The C horizons are generally more completely weathered than the other horizons.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The reaction: mica + H2O F1S1S1W1F1F1F10 K+ + OH- + acid clay is an example of ________.

Accepted Answer

A) hydrolysis 
B) acid solution weathering 
C) oxidation 
D) hydration 
E) exfoliation 
A) hydrolysis 
B) acid solution weathering 
C) oxidation 
D) hydration 
E) exfoliation

Question 17

Chemical weathering is accelerated by water, oxygen, and organic and inorganic acids moving down through the regolith.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The topmost horizon in most humid region forest soils is the A horizon.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Secondary minerals are recrystallized products of the chemical breakdown and/or alteration of primary minerals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

If you wanted to find a soil where physical weathering dominated over chemical breakdown you would be most apt to find it in ______.

Accepted Answer

A) a desert region of Arizona 
B) a humid region in Brazil 
C) the hill lands of Georgia 
D) a lacustrine deposit in Minnesota 
E) a coastal plain area of Delaware 
A) a desert region of Arizona 
B) a humid region in Brazil 
C) the hill lands of Georgia 
D) a lacustrine deposit in Minnesota 
E) a coastal plain area of Delaware

Residual parent materials have formed in place and have not been transported from one area to another.

Igneous rocks can best be characterized as:

Glacial till can be recognized by the distinct layering of different kinds of particles.

Exfoliation is caused by changes in _________.

Granite is an example of a(n) ________.

Silicate clay accumulation is most common in the ____.

Which of the following statements is not correct?

Alluvial fans are usually characterized by ???______ soils.

A soil developed in residual parent materials will likely have properties related to the properties of the rock below the C horizon.

The transformation of gneiss into mica, quartz, and feldspar crystals is an example of:

Weathering of rocks usually is most intense in the center of a rock fragment, and gradually decreases toward the outside.

Glacial till is a term used to describe parent materials that:

Sapric and fibric are terms used to describe peat parent materials.

Organic deposits are most common in areas where water flow over the soil surface is restricted.

The C horizons are generally more completely weathered than the other horizons.

The reaction: mica + H₂O  K⁺ + OH^- + acid clay is an example of ________.

Chemical weathering is accelerated by water, oxygen, and organic and inorganic acids moving down through the regolith.

The topmost horizon in most humid region forest soils is the A horizon.

Secondary minerals are recrystallized products of the chemical breakdown and/or alteration of primary minerals.

If you wanted to find a soil where physical weathering dominated over chemical breakdown you would be most apt to find it in ______.

The Soils Around US

Soil Classification

Soil Architecture and Physical Properties

Soil Water: Characteristics and Behavior

Soil and the Hydrologic Cycle

Soil Aeration and Temperature

Soil Colloids: Seat of Soil Chemical and Physical Activity

Soil Acidity

Soils of Dry Regions: Alkalinity, Salinity, and Sodicity

Organisms and Ecology of the Soil

Soil Organic Matter

Nitrogen and Sulfur Economy of Soils

Soil Phosphorus and Potassium

Micronutrients and Other Trace Elements

Practical Nutrient Management

Soil Erosion and Its Control

Soils and Chemical Pollution

Geographic Soils Information

Prospects for Global Soil Quality

Filters

Exam 2: Formation of Soils From Parent Materials

Residual parent materials have formed in place and have not been transported from one area to another.

Igneous rocks can best be characterized as:

Glacial till can be recognized by the distinct layering of different kinds of particles.

Exfoliation is caused by changes in _________.

Granite is an example of a(n) ________.

Silicate clay accumulation is most common in the ____.

Which of the following statements is not correct?

Alluvial fans are usually characterized by ???______ soils.

A soil developed in residual parent materials will likely have properties related to the properties of the rock below the C horizon.

The transformation of gneiss into mica, quartz, and feldspar crystals is an example of:

Weathering of rocks usually is most intense in the center of a rock fragment, and gradually decreases toward the outside.

Glacial till is a term used to describe parent materials that:

Sapric and fibric are terms used to describe peat parent materials.

Organic deposits are most common in areas where water flow over the soil surface is restricted.

The C horizons are generally more completely weathered than the other horizons.

The reaction: mica + H2O  K+ + OH- + acid clay is an example of ________.

Chemical weathering is accelerated by water, oxygen, and organic and inorganic acids moving down through the regolith.

The topmost horizon in most humid region forest soils is the A horizon.

Secondary minerals are recrystallized products of the chemical breakdown and/or alteration of primary minerals.

If you wanted to find a soil where physical weathering dominated over chemical breakdown you would be most apt to find it in ______.

The Soils Around US

Soil Classification

Soil Architecture and Physical Properties

Soil Water: Characteristics and Behavior

Soil and the Hydrologic Cycle

Soil Aeration and Temperature

Soil Colloids: Seat of Soil Chemical and Physical Activity

Soil Acidity

Soils of Dry Regions: Alkalinity, Salinity, and Sodicity

Organisms and Ecology of the Soil

Soil Organic Matter

Nitrogen and Sulfur Economy of Soils

Soil Phosphorus and Potassium

Micronutrients and Other Trace Elements

Practical Nutrient Management

Soil Erosion and Its Control

Soils and Chemical Pollution

Geographic Soils Information

Prospects for Global Soil Quality

Filters

The reaction: mica + H₂O  K⁺ + OH^- + acid clay is an example of ________.