Chat with AIExam 13: Social-Cognitive Theory: Applications, Related Theoretical Conceptions, and Contemporary Research
Markus introduced the concept of working self-concept. How does this idea speak to the challenge of explaining both 1) the stability of an individual's personality, and 2) situation-to-situation variability in a person's behavior?
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Answered by Examlex AI CopilotMarkus introduced the concept of working self-concept as a way to address the challenge of explaining both the stability of an individual's personality and the situation-to-situation variability in a person's behavior. The working self-concept is the idea that individuals have multiple self-concepts that are activated in different situations. This means that a person's behavior can vary depending on the specific context they are in, while still maintaining a stable core personality.
This concept speaks to the challenge of explaining personality stability by acknowledging that individuals have a consistent core self-concept that remains stable over time. At the same time, it also addresses the variability in behavior by recognizing that different aspects of the self-concept can be activated in different situations, leading to changes in behavior.
In essence, the working self-concept allows for both stability and variability in a person's behavior by recognizing the coexistence of a stable core self-concept and the activation of different self-concepts in different situations. This idea helps to bridge the gap between the stability of personality and the variability of behavior, providing a more comprehensive understanding of human behavior.
Cognitive therapy attempts to change
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According to research findings and anecdotal evidence by Flett, Hewitt and colleagues, an adaptive lifestyle may be one that mixes _____ standards of achievement with the capacity to accept aspects of ourselves that are _____ perfect.
(39) Dweck's research on goals and behavior reveals that, when faced with a difficult task, children who have doubts about their abilities and adopt _________ goals are likely to experience negative emotions, negative thoughts about themselves, and to fail, whereas those who adopt ________ goals will be relatively more successful.
(28) Research by Bandura and his colleagues that investigated the effectiveness of various therapy techniques for treating snake phobias found that the most powerful treatment for these phobias is
(38) Locus of causality relates to whether the person perceives events as being caused from within or without.
(41) In Dweck's research, beliefs that we cannot state in words are called
(45) Bandura's research on phobias employed _______ measures of phobic behavior
(30) Bandura's research on treatments for phobia reveals that the psychological mechanism mediating treatment effects is
(28) Various attributions may have different motivational consequences. Attributing course performance to fixed intelligence would lead one to
(45) Rational Emotive Therapy, Cognitive Restructuring, and Beck's therapy for depression are examples of
(34) In Markus' self-schema measure, a person is said to be schematic with regard to a personality attribute if they
(31) Although it seems strange, sometimes we want something negative to happen.
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