Question 1

When concrete and formal operational thinkers are asked to combine a number of clear liquids to produce a blue liquid,

Accepted Answer

A) neither the concrete operational child nor the formal operational adolescent test the combinations of liquids in a systematic manner. 
B) only the concrete operational child tests the combinations of liquids in a systematic manner. 
C) only the formal operational child tests the combinations of liquids in a systematic manner. 
D) both the concrete operational child and the formal operational adolescent test the combinations of liquids in a systematic manner. 
A) neither the concrete operational child nor the formal operational adolescent test the combinations of liquids in a systematic manner. 
B) only the concrete operational child tests the combinations of liquids in a systematic manner. 
C) only the formal operational child tests the combinations of liquids in a systematic manner. 
D) both the concrete operational child and the formal operational adolescent test the combinations of liquids in a systematic manner.

Question 2

At which level of Kohlberg's moral reasoning is reasoning governed by personal moral principles?

Accepted Answer

A) preconventional level 
B) conventional level 
C) postconventional level 
D) empathic level 
A) preconventional level 
B) conventional level 
C) postconventional level 
D) empathic level

Question 3

According to Kohlberg's theory on moral reasoning, individual rights and freedoms is to _______;as caring for other people is to __­­___.

Accepted Answer

A) spirituality; religiosity 
B) North American children and adults; children and adults living in India 
C) Eastern values; Western values 
D) preconventional level; postconventional level 
A) spirituality; religiosity 
B) North American children and adults; children and adults living in India 
C) Eastern values; Western values 
D) preconventional level; postconventional level

Question 4

Research on adolescents and part-time work has found that

Accepted Answer

A) teens who work more than 15 hours per week do better in school. 
B) teens in Canada are competing with older or retired adults for part-time jobs. 
C) most working teens set aside much of their income for future goals. 
D) a very small percentage of high school seniors work part-time. 
A) teens who work more than 15 hours per week do better in school. 
B) teens in Canada are competing with older or retired adults for part-time jobs. 
C) most working teens set aside much of their income for future goals. 
D) a very small percentage of high school seniors work part-time.

Question 5

Kohlberg's clever method used to understand how people come to make moral decisions included

Accepted Answer

A) short-stories of moral "tribulations" 
B) mini-stories of moral "dilemmas" 
C) multi-stage questionnaires 
D) qualitative interviews 
A) short-stories of moral "tribulations" 
B) mini-stories of moral "dilemmas" 
C) multi-stage questionnaires 
D) qualitative interviews

Question 6

According to Holland's theory

Accepted Answer

A) personality and job satisfaction are not related. 
B) career development progresses through five different stages. 
C) measures of vocational interest are useless in helping a person choose a career. 
D) six prototypic personalities are important when people select a career. 
A) personality and job satisfaction are not related. 
B) career development progresses through five different stages. 
C) measures of vocational interest are useless in helping a person choose a career. 
D) six prototypic personalities are important when people select a career.

Question 7

School-age children classified as learning disabled

Accepted Answer

A) are usually suffering from other conditions (e.g., sensory impairment). 
B) have normal intelligence. 
C) must not be getting adequate academic instruction. 
D) make up about 1 percent of all North American school-age children. 
A) are usually suffering from other conditions (e.g., sensory impairment). 
B) have normal intelligence. 
C) must not be getting adequate academic instruction. 
D) make up about 1 percent of all North American school-age children.

Question 8

Greta has reached the formal operational level of reasoning. Which of the following statements about her cognition is most likely to be true?

Accepted Answer

A) Greta will sometimes revert to concrete operational thinking. 
B) Greta will always reason at the formal operational level. 
C) Greta will show more sophisticated reasoning when the problem is not relevant to her personally than when it is. 
D) Greta will not use deductive reasoning. 
A) Greta will sometimes revert to concrete operational thinking. 
B) Greta will always reason at the formal operational level. 
C) Greta will show more sophisticated reasoning when the problem is not relevant to her personally than when it is. 
D) Greta will not use deductive reasoning.

Question 9

Lindsey, age 20, recently started working at her first full-time job as a graphic designer. She has had some problems getting along with her coworkers and has found that the reality of the job is not exactly what she expected it to be. Lindsey appears to be in Super's ________ phase of career development.

Accepted Answer

A) moratorium 
B) specification 
C) crystallization 
D) implementation 
A) moratorium 
B) specification 
C) crystallization 
D) implementation

Question 10

In general, psychologists may have a _____ developmental issues of spirituality and religion.

Accepted Answer

A) disinterest in 
B) lack of training or knowledge about 
C) no awareness of 
D) high degree of interest in. 
A) disinterest in 
B) lack of training or knowledge about 
C) no awareness of 
D) high degree of interest in.

Question 11

The effects on teens who work more than 20 hours per week

Accepted Answer

A) include increased substance abuse. 
B) are limited to poor academic performance. 
C) include increased self-esteem. 
D) include a greater sense of financial responsibility. 
A) include increased substance abuse. 
B) are limited to poor academic performance. 
C) include increased self-esteem. 
D) include a greater sense of financial responsibility.

Question 12

Which of the following is not characteristic of formal operational thinking?

Accepted Answer

A) abstract thinking 
B) hypothetical reasoning 
C) deductive reasoning 
D) centration 
A) abstract thinking 
B) hypothetical reasoning 
C) deductive reasoning 
D) centration

Question 13

Gilligan criticized Kohlberg's theory for

Accepted Answer

A) having stages of moral reasoning. 
B) applying more to men than to women. 
C) claiming that moral reasoning becomes more sophisticated with age. 
D) overemphasizing the role of care-based moral reasoning. 
A) having stages of moral reasoning. 
B) applying more to men than to women. 
C) claiming that moral reasoning becomes more sophisticated with age. 
D) overemphasizing the role of care-based moral reasoning.

Question 14

During Piaget's ________ stage, individuals become capable of abstract, hypothetical thought and deductive reasoning.

Accepted Answer

A) concrete operational 
B) formal operational 
C) preoperational 
D) sensorimotor 
A) concrete operational 
B) formal operational 
C) preoperational 
D) sensorimotor

Question 15

Individuals who believe that laws become invalid when they no longer benefit individuals have a(n) ________ orientation according to Kohlberg.

Accepted Answer

A) social contract 
B) obedience 
C) instrumental 
D) interpersonal norms 
A) social contract 
B) obedience 
C) instrumental 
D) interpersonal norms

Question 16

Entering the workforce and learning first-hand about a job is called

Accepted Answer

A) crystallization. 
B) consolidation 
C) implementation. 
D) specification. 
A) crystallization. 
B) consolidation 
C) implementation. 
D) specification.

Question 17

According to Piaget, cognitive development is complete when the ________ period is reached.

Accepted Answer

A) concrete operational 
B) preoperational 
C) formal operational 
D) sensorimotor 
A) concrete operational 
B) preoperational 
C) formal operational 
D) sensorimotor

Question 18

Moral decision-making based on social norms is characteristic of which of Kohlberg's levels of moral reasoning?

Accepted Answer

A) preconventional level 
B) conventional level 
C) postconventional level 
D) empathic level 
A) preconventional level 
B) conventional level 
C) postconventional level 
D) empathic level

Question 19

Katrina is often concerned about other people, particularly children. She is in ________ stage of moral development.

Accepted Answer

A) Kohlberg's preconventional 
B) Kohlberg's conventional 
C) Gilligan's first 
D) Gilligan's second 
A) Kohlberg's preconventional 
B) Kohlberg's conventional 
C) Gilligan's first 
D) Gilligan's second

Question 20

Which of the following statements concerning Kohlberg's theory of moral reasoning is true?

Accepted Answer

A) The stages occur in an invariant sequence. 
B) Higher levels of moral reasoning are commonly found among individuals of all ages. 
C) Most adults' moral reasoning is at the postconventional level. 
D) The level of moral reasoning is unrelated to the level of cognitive development. 
A) The stages occur in an invariant sequence. 
B) Higher levels of moral reasoning are commonly found among individuals of all ages. 
C) Most adults' moral reasoning is at the postconventional level. 
D) The level of moral reasoning is unrelated to the level of cognitive development.

When concrete and formal operational thinkers are asked to combine a number of clear liquids to produce a blue liquid,

At which level of Kohlberg's moral reasoning is reasoning governed by personal moral principles?

According to Kohlberg's theory on moral reasoning, individual rights and freedoms is to ___;as caring for other people is to _.

Research on adolescents and part-time work has found that

Kohlberg's clever method used to understand how people come to make moral decisions included

According to Holland's theory

School-age children classified as learning disabled

Greta has reached the formal operational level of reasoning. Which of the following statements about her cognition is most likely to be true?

In general, psychologists may have a _____ developmental issues of spirituality and religion.

The effects on teens who work more than 20 hours per week

Which of the following is not characteristic of formal operational thinking?

Gilligan criticized Kohlberg's theory for

During Piaget's ________ stage, individuals become capable of abstract, hypothetical thought and deductive reasoning.

Individuals who believe that laws become invalid when they no longer benefit individuals have a(n) ________ orientation according to Kohlberg.

Entering the workforce and learning first-hand about a job is called

According to Piaget, cognitive development is complete when the ________ period is reached.

Moral decision-making based on social norms is characteristic of which of Kohlberg's levels of moral reasoning?

Katrina is often concerned about other people, particularly children. She is in ________ stage of moral development.

Which of the following statements concerning Kohlberg's theory of moral reasoning is true?

Child Development: Theories and Themes

Research in Child Development

Genetic Bases of Child Development

Prenatal Development and Birth

Physical Development in Infants and Toddlers

Cognition in Infants and Toddlers

Social and Emotional Development in Infants and Toddlers

Physical Growth in Preschool Children

Cognitive Development in Preschool Children

Social and Emotional Development in Preschool Children

Physical Development in Middle Childhood

Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Social and Emotional Development in Middle Childhood

Physical Growth in Adolescents

Social and Emotional Development in Adolescents

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Exam 15: Cognitive Processes in Adolescents

When concrete and formal operational thinkers are asked to combine a number of clear liquids to produce a blue liquid,

At which level of Kohlberg's moral reasoning is reasoning governed by personal moral principles?

According to Kohlberg's theory on moral reasoning, individual rights and freedoms is to _______;as caring for other people is to __­­___.

Research on adolescents and part-time work has found that

Kohlberg's clever method used to understand how people come to make moral decisions included

According to Holland's theory

School-age children classified as learning disabled

Greta has reached the formal operational level of reasoning. Which of the following statements about her cognition is most likely to be true?

In general, psychologists may have a _____ developmental issues of spirituality and religion.

The effects on teens who work more than 20 hours per week

Which of the following is not characteristic of formal operational thinking?

Gilligan criticized Kohlberg's theory for

During Piaget's ________ stage, individuals become capable of abstract, hypothetical thought and deductive reasoning.

Individuals who believe that laws become invalid when they no longer benefit individuals have a(n) ________ orientation according to Kohlberg.

Entering the workforce and learning first-hand about a job is called

According to Piaget, cognitive development is complete when the ________ period is reached.

Moral decision-making based on social norms is characteristic of which of Kohlberg's levels of moral reasoning?

Katrina is often concerned about other people, particularly children. She is in ________ stage of moral development.

Which of the following statements concerning Kohlberg's theory of moral reasoning is true?

Child Development: Theories and Themes

Research in Child Development

Genetic Bases of Child Development

Prenatal Development and Birth

Physical Development in Infants and Toddlers

Cognition in Infants and Toddlers

Social and Emotional Development in Infants and Toddlers

Physical Growth in Preschool Children

Cognitive Development in Preschool Children

Social and Emotional Development in Preschool Children

Physical Development in Middle Childhood

Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Social and Emotional Development in Middle Childhood

Physical Growth in Adolescents

Social and Emotional Development in Adolescents

Filters

According to Kohlberg's theory on moral reasoning, individual rights and freedoms is to ___;as caring for other people is to _.