Question 1

In which process will the internal energy of the system NOT change?

Accepted Answer

A) An adiabatic expansion of an ideal gas. 
B) An isothermal compression of an ideal gas. 
C) An isobaric expansion of an ideal gas. 
D) The freezing of a quantity of liquid at its melting point. 
E) The evaporation of a quantity of a liquid at its boiling point. 
A) An adiabatic expansion of an ideal gas. 
B) An isothermal compression of an ideal gas. 
C) An isobaric expansion of an ideal gas. 
D) The freezing of a quantity of liquid at its melting point. 
E) The evaporation of a quantity of a liquid at its boiling point. B

Question 2

How much heat (in kilocalories)is needed to convert 1.00 kg of ice at 0 $\degree$C into steam at 100 $\degree$C?

Accepted Answer

A) 23.9 
B) 79.6 
C) 564 
D) 643 
E) 720 
A) 23.9 
B) 79.6 
C) 564 
D) 643 
E) 720 E

Question 3

In an isovolumetric process

Accepted Answer

A) the temperature remains constant. 
B) no heat is transferred between a system and its surroundings. 
C) the pressure remains constant. 
D) the volume remains constant. 
E) the internal energy is constant. 
A) the temperature remains constant. 
B) no heat is transferred between a system and its surroundings. 
C) the pressure remains constant. 
D) the volume remains constant. 
E) the internal energy is constant. D

Question 4

A 5-kg piece of lead (specific heat 0.03 cal/g.$\degree$C)having a temperature of 80$\degree$C is added to 500 g of water having a temperature of 20$\degree$C.What is the final equilibrium temperature (in $\degree$C)of the system?

Accepted Answer

A) 79 
B) 26 
C) 54 
D) 34 
E) 20 
A) 79 
B) 26 
C) 54 
D) 34 
E) 20

Question 5

When we say that the speed of sound is measured under adiabatic conditions we assume that

Accepted Answer

A) the time associated with heat conduction is slow relative to the speed of the wave. 
B) no heat can flow between the system and its surroundings. 
C) the speed of the wave is directly proportional to the bulk modulus. 
D) the speed of the wave is proportional to the square root of the bulk modulus. 
E) air is an ideal gas. 
A) the time associated with heat conduction is slow relative to the speed of the wave. 
B) no heat can flow between the system and its surroundings. 
C) the speed of the wave is directly proportional to the bulk modulus. 
D) the speed of the wave is proportional to the square root of the bulk modulus. 
E) air is an ideal gas.

Question 6

During an adiabatic compression,a volume of air decreases to 1/4 its original size.Calculate its final pressure if its original pressure was 1 atm.(Assume the air behaves like an ideal gas with $\gamma$ = 1.4. )

Accepted Answer

A) 7.0 atm 
B) 5.6 atm 
C) 3.5 atm 
D) 2.2 atm 
E) 0.14 atm 
A) 7.0 atm 
B) 5.6 atm 
C) 3.5 atm 
D) 2.2 atm 
E) 0.14 atm

Question 7

The internal energy of n moles of an ideal gas depends on

Accepted Answer

A) one state variable T. 
B) two state variables T and V. 
C) two state variables T and P. 
D) three state variables T,P and V. 
E) four variables R,T,P and V. 
A) one state variable T. 
B) two state variables T and V. 
C) two state variables T and P. 
D) three state variables T,P and V. 
E) four variables R,T,P and V.

Question 8

A gas expands from A to B as shown in the graph.Calculate the work (in joules)done by the gas.(1 atm= 1.01 * 105 N/m2. )

Accepted Answer

A) 12 
B) 24 
C) 1.21 *106 
D) 2.42 *106 
E) 3.64 *106 
A) 12 
B) 24 
C) 1.21 *106 
D) 2.42 *106 
E) 3.64 *106

Question 9

How much heat,in joules,is required to convert 1.00 kg of ice at 0 $\degree$C into steam at 100 $\degree$C? (Lice = 333 J/g;Lsteam = 2.26 *103 J/g. )

Accepted Answer

A) 3.35 *105 
B) 4.19 * 105 
C) 2.36 *106 
D) 2.69 * 106 
E) 3.01* 106 
A) 3.35 *105 
B) 4.19 * 105 
C) 2.36 *106 
D) 2.69 * 106 
E) 3.01* 106

Question 10

A 5-gallon container of water (approximately 20 kg)having a temperature of 212$\degree$F is added to a 50-gallon tub (approximately 200 kg)of water having a temperature of 50$\degree$F.What is the final equilibrium temperature (in $\degree$C)of the mixture?

Accepted Answer

A) 54 
B) 36 
C) 18 
D) 66 
E) 14 
A) 54 
B) 36 
C) 18 
D) 66 
E) 14

Question 11

The specific heat of an ideal gas at constant pressure is greater than the specific heat of an ideal gas at constant volume because

Accepted Answer

A) work is done by a gas at constant pressure. 
B) work is done by a gas at constant volume. 
C) no work is done by a gas at constant pressure. 
D) the temperature remains constant for a gas at constant pressure. 
E) the temperature remains constant for a gas at constant volume. 
A) work is done by a gas at constant pressure. 
B) work is done by a gas at constant volume. 
C) no work is done by a gas at constant pressure. 
D) the temperature remains constant for a gas at constant pressure. 
E) the temperature remains constant for a gas at constant volume.

Question 12

How much water at 20 $\degree$C is needed to melt 1 kilogram of solid mercury at its melting point of -39 $\degree$C? (The heat of fusion of mercury is 2.8 cal/gram).

Accepted Answer

The answer of How much water at 20 $\degree$C is...

Question 13

A 100 kg marble slab falls off a skyscraper and falls 200 m to the ground without hitting anyone.Its fall stops within milliseconds,so that there is no loss of thermal energy to its surroundings if its temperature is measured immediately after it stops.By how much has its temperature changed as a result of the fall,if we ignore energy gained or lost as a result of its interaction with the atmosphere? ( $c _ { \text {marble } } = 860 \frac { \mathrm { J } } { \mathrm { kg } \cdot { } ^ { \circ } \mathrm { C } }$ . )

Accepted Answer

A) 0.57  $\degree$C 
B) 1.14  $\degree$C 
C) 2.28  $\degree$C 
D) 4.56  $\degree$C 
E) 22.8  $\degree$C 
A) 0.57  $\degree$C 
B) 1.14  $\degree$C 
C) 2.28  $\degree$C 
D) 4.56  $\degree$C 
E) 22.8  $\degree$C

Question 14

An ideal gas is allowed to expand adiabatically until its volume increases by 50%.By approximately what factor is the pressure reduced? ($\gamma$ = 5/3. )

Accepted Answer

A) 1.5 
B) 2.0 
C) 2.5 
D) 3.0 
E) 3.5 
A) 1.5 
B) 2.0 
C) 2.5 
D) 3.0 
E) 3.5

Question 15

Water at room temperature,20 $\degree$C,is pumped into a reactor core where it is converted to steam at 200 $\degree$C.How much heat (in J)is transferred to each kilogram of water in this process? (csteam = 2 010 J/kg. $\degree$C;Lsteam = 2.26 *103 J/g;1 cal = 4.186 J. )

Accepted Answer

A) 3.35* 105 
B) 7.53 *105 
C) 2.67 * 106 
D) 2.80* 106 
E) 3.01* 106 
A) 3.35* 105 
B) 7.53 *105 
C) 2.67 * 106 
D) 2.80* 106 
E) 3.01* 106

Question 16

How many calories of heat are required to raise the temperature of 4 kg of water from 50$\degree$F to the boiling point?

Accepted Answer

A) 6.5 *105 
B) 3.6 * 105 
C) 15 * 105 
D) 360 
E) 4 * 104 
A) 6.5 *105 
B) 3.6 * 105 
C) 15 * 105 
D) 360 
E) 4 * 104

Question 17

How much heat (in kcal)must be removed to make ice at -10 $\degree$C from 2 kg of water at 20 $\degree$C? (The specific heat of ice is 0.50 cal/g. $\degree$C. )

Accepted Answer

A) 190 
B) 200 
C) 240 
D) 210 
E) 50 
A) 190 
B) 200 
C) 240 
D) 210 
E) 50

Question 18

A 5-g coin is dropped from a 300-m building.If it reaches a terminal velocity of 45 m/s,and the rest of the energy is converted to heating the coin,what is the change in temperature (in $\degree$C)of the coin? (The specific heat of copper is 387 J/kg.$\degree$C. )

Accepted Answer

A) 9 
B) 2 
C) 5 
D) 21 
E) 0.5 
A) 9 
B) 2 
C) 5 
D) 21 
E) 0.5

Question 19

A 100-kg student eats a 200-Calorie doughnut.To "burn it off",he decides to climb the steps of a tall building.How high (in m)would he have to climb to expend an equivalent amount of work? (1 food Calorie = 103 calories. )

Accepted Answer

A) 273 
B) 623 
C) 418 
D) 854 
E) 8 400 
A) 273 
B) 623 
C) 418 
D) 854 
E) 8 400

Question 20

An 8 000-kg aluminum flagpole 100-m long is heated by the sun from a temperature of 10$\degree$C to 20$\degree$C.Find the heat transferred (in J)to the aluminum if the specific heat of aluminum is 0.215 cal/g.$\degree$C.

Accepted Answer

A) 7.2 *105 
B) 7.2 * 107 
C) 7.2 *103 
D) 7.2*101 
E) 7.2 * 102 
A) 7.2 *105 
B) 7.2 * 107 
C) 7.2 *103 
D) 7.2*101 
E) 7.2 * 102

Exam 17: Energy in Thermal Processes: the First Law of Thermodynamics

In which process will the internal energy of the system NOT change?

How much heat (in kilocalories)is needed to convert 1.00 kg of ice at 0 °\degree° C into steam at 100 °\degree° C?

In an isovolumetric process

A 5-kg piece of lead (specific heat 0.03 cal/g. °\degree° C)having a temperature of 80 °\degree° C is added to 500 g of water having a temperature of 20 °\degree° C.What is the final equilibrium temperature (in °\degree° C)of the system?

When we say that the speed of sound is measured under adiabatic conditions we assume that

During an adiabatic compression,a volume of air decreases to 1/4 its original size.Calculate its final pressure if its original pressure was 1 atm.(Assume the air behaves like an ideal gas with γ\gammaγ = 1.4. )

The internal energy of n moles of an ideal gas depends on

A gas expands from A to B as shown in the graph.Calculate the work (in joules)done by the gas.(1 atm= 1.01 * 105 N/m2. )

How much heat,in joules,is required to convert 1.00 kg of ice at 0 °\degree° C into steam at 100 °\degree° C? (Lice = 333 J/g;Lsteam = 2.26 *103 J/g. )

A 5-gallon container of water (approximately 20 kg)having a temperature of 212 °\degree° F is added to a 50-gallon tub (approximately 200 kg)of water having a temperature of 50 °\degree° F.What is the final equilibrium temperature (in °\degree° C)of the mixture?

The specific heat of an ideal gas at constant pressure is greater than the specific heat of an ideal gas at constant volume because

How much water at 20 °\degree° C is needed to melt 1 kilogram of solid mercury at its melting point of -39 °\degree° C? (The heat of fusion of mercury is 2.8 cal/gram).

An ideal gas is allowed to expand adiabatically until its volume increases by 50%.By approximately what factor is the pressure reduced? ( γ\gammaγ = 5/3. )

Water at room temperature,20 °\degree° C,is pumped into a reactor core where it is converted to steam at 200 °\degree° C.How much heat (in J)is transferred to each kilogram of water in this process? (csteam = 2 010 J/kg. °\degree° C;Lsteam = 2.26 *103 J/g;1 cal = 4.186 J. )

How many calories of heat are required to raise the temperature of 4 kg of water from 50 °\degree° F to the boiling point?

How much heat (in kcal)must be removed to make ice at -10 °\degree° C from 2 kg of water at 20 °\degree° C? (The specific heat of ice is 0.50 cal/g. °\degree° C. )

A 5-g coin is dropped from a 300-m building.If it reaches a terminal velocity of 45 m/s,and the rest of the energy is converted to heating the coin,what is the change in temperature (in °\degree° C)of the coin? (The specific heat of copper is 387 J/kg. °\degree° C. )

A 100-kg student eats a 200-Calorie doughnut.To "burn it off",he decides to climb the steps of a tall building.How high (in m)would he have to climb to expend an equivalent amount of work? (1 food Calorie = 103 calories. )

An 8 000-kg aluminum flagpole 100-m long is heated by the sun from a temperature of 10 °\degree° C to 20 °\degree° C.Find the heat transferred (in J)to the aluminum if the specific heat of aluminum is 0.215 cal/g. °\degree° C.

Introduction and Vectors

Motion in One Dimension

Motion in Two Dimensions

The Laws of Motion

More Applications of Newtons Laws

Energy of a System

Conservation of Energy

Momentum and Collisions

Relativity

Rotational Motion

Gravity,planetary Orbits,and the Hydrogen Atom

Oscillatory Motion

Mechanical Waves

Superposition and Standing Waves

Fluid Mechanics

Temperature and the Kinetic Theory of Gases

Heat Engines,entropy,and the Second Law of Thermodynamics

Electric Forces and Electric Fields

Electric Potential and Capacitance

Current and Direct Current Circuits

Magnetic Forces and Magnetic Fields

Faradays Law and Inductance

Electromagnetic Waves

Reflection and Refraction of Light

Image Formation by Mirrors and Lenses

Wave Optics

Quantum Physics

Atomic Physics

Nuclear Physics

Particle Physics

Filters

How much heat (in kilocalories)is needed to convert 1.00 kg of ice at 0 $\degree$ C into steam at 100 $\degree$ C?

A 5-kg piece of lead (specific heat 0.03 cal/g. $\degree$ C)having a temperature of 80 $\degree$ C is added to 500 g of water having a temperature of 20 $\degree$ C.What is the final equilibrium temperature (in $\degree$ C)of the system?

During an adiabatic compression,a volume of air decreases to 1/4 its original size.Calculate its final pressure if its original pressure was 1 atm.(Assume the air behaves like an ideal gas with $\gamma$ = 1.4. )

A gas expands from A to B as shown in the graph.Calculate the work (in joules)done by the gas.(1 atm= 1.01 * 10⁵ N/m². )

How much heat,in joules,is required to convert 1.00 kg of ice at 0 $\degree$ C into steam at 100 $\degree$ C? (L_ice = 333 J/g;L_steam = 2.26 *10³ J/g. )

A 5-gallon container of water (approximately 20 kg)having a temperature of 212 $\degree$ F is added to a 50-gallon tub (approximately 200 kg)of water having a temperature of 50 $\degree$ F.What is the final equilibrium temperature (in $\degree$ C)of the mixture?

How much water at 20 $\degree$ C is needed to melt 1 kilogram of solid mercury at its melting point of -39 $\degree$ C? (The heat of fusion of mercury is 2.8 cal/gram).

An ideal gas is allowed to expand adiabatically until its volume increases by 50%.By approximately what factor is the pressure reduced? ( $\gamma$ = 5/3. )

Water at room temperature,20 $\degree$ C,is pumped into a reactor core where it is converted to steam at 200 $\degree$ C.How much heat (in J)is transferred to each kilogram of water in this process? (c_steam = 2 010 J/kg. $\degree$ C;L_steam = 2.26 *10³ J/g;1 cal = 4.186 J. )

How many calories of heat are required to raise the temperature of 4 kg of water from 50 $\degree$ F to the boiling point?

How much heat (in kcal)must be removed to make ice at -10 $\degree$ C from 2 kg of water at 20 $\degree$ C? (The specific heat of ice is 0.50 cal/g. $\degree$ C. )

A 5-g coin is dropped from a 300-m building.If it reaches a terminal velocity of 45 m/s,and the rest of the energy is converted to heating the coin,what is the change in temperature (in $\degree$ C)of the coin? (The specific heat of copper is 387 J/kg. $\degree$ C. )

A 100-kg student eats a 200-Calorie doughnut.To "burn it off",he decides to climb the steps of a tall building.How high (in m)would he have to climb to expend an equivalent amount of work? (1 food Calorie = 10³ calories. )

An 8 000-kg aluminum flagpole 100-m long is heated by the sun from a temperature of 10 $\degree$ C to 20 $\degree$ C.Find the heat transferred (in J)to the aluminum if the specific heat of aluminum is 0.215 cal/g. $\degree$ C.