Exam 4: Learning

Of the four basic elements of classical conditioning,the one the organism learns to respond to is the:

B.F.Skinner is known for his theory of:

A reinforcer that adds something rewarding to a situation is called a(n)__________ reinforcer.

Little Albert (Watson,1920)learned through classical conditioning to fear ______.

Bobby and Sue were parked at Lover's Lane.When Bobby kissed Sue,his breathing accelerated.Sue always wore Chanel #5 when she went out with Bobby.Whenever Bobby smelled Chanel #5,he began to breathe faster.Sue's kiss was the:

What has occurred when there is a decrease in the likelihood or rate of a target response?

A person is conditioned to fear white rats.Soon after,she also begins to fear white cats,white dogs,and white rabbits.Her new,unconditioned fears result from _______.

Your professor has informed you at the beginning of the term that you will have eight tests--but they will all be unannounced.This is most similar to a _______ reinforcement schedule.

In the experiment with Little Albert,the conditioned stimulus was __________.

By pairing the ringing of a bell with the presentation of meat,Pavlov trained dogs to salivate to the sound of a bell even when no meat was presented.In this experiment,salivation to the meat was the _______.

A very high rate of responding is produced by a _______ schedule of reinforcement.

Abigail is trying to figure out how she can BEST use employee pay to shape her employees' behavior.She is interested in short-term productivity (speed),not consistency,long-term productivity,or employee turnover.According to reinforcement theory,she should probably use a _______ schedule.

Classical is to _____ as operant is to _____.

Sandy's favorite activity is to go to Las Vegas and play the slot machines.Her gambling behavior is being reinforced on a __________ schedule.

The person most closely associated with the law of effect is ________ .

In the experiment with Little Albert,the unconditioned stimulus was _______.

Learning that occurs but is not immediately reflected in a behavior change is called __________.

John's heart has been conditioned to beat rapidly whenever he smells Windsong perfume on a woman.However,John's heart also races when he smells Chanel #5 and other perfumes.This illustrates:

Reacting to a stimulus that is similar to the one to which you have learned to react is called _______.

The apparatus that has come to symbolize the theory of operant conditioning is the: