Exam 4: Learning

To teach a tiger to jump through a flaming hoop,the tiger is first reinforced for jumping up on a certain pedestal,then for leaping from that pedestal to another.Next the tiger has to jump through a hoop between the pedestals to get the reward.Finally,the hoop is set afire and the tiger must jump through it to get the reward.This is an example of __________ .

Aunt Bea gave Opie fried chicken livers every time he made his bed.Opie began making his bed more often than he used to.In this example,chicken livers are a _______ reinforcer.

Nagging someone to do something until they do it is an example of __________.

Which of the following is a secondary reinforcer?

A positive reinforcer is a stimulus that is ________ and thus ________ the probability of a response.

As she walked through her neighborhood,Jodie,a 6-year-old girl,frequently saw a large brown dog.She repeatedly walked to the dog to pet it,but as her hand approached the animal,it barked and bit her.The bite was painful and caused her to cry.Now Jodie cries when she sees dogs of any color or size.Jodie's crying when she sees dogs is the:

The concept of latent learning was developed by __________ .

Reinforcing behaviors that more closely resemble a final,terminal behavior is called:

We associate the name of _______ most closely with classical conditioning.

Five-year-old Tommy is helping get ready for a family reunion at Thanksgiving by polishing the good silverware.If his mother gives him a dime for each piece he polishes,what kind of reinforcement schedule is she using?

Perry works at a job where he is paid by commission.For every car Perry sells,he gets 10% of the profits.Perry is being reinforced on a _______ schedule.

The person most directly associated with operant conditioning is ______.

A reinforcer that adds something rewarding to a situation is called a ________ reinforcer.

When someone uses punishment to change a behavior,the behavior is likely to ______.

Gretta spends a lot of time at the race track betting on ponies,and occasionally she wins.The frequency of her betting is controlled by which of the following?

The schedule of reinforcement that yields the slowest increase in a behavior and the fastest extinction of the behavior when the schedule is stopped is ________.

Mom and Dad think it is real funny and laugh when their 2-year-old,Bruce,says dirty words.When Bruce is sent home from kindergarten because of swearing,they don't understand why he cusses.Now when he cusses at home they ignore the cussing (they don't think it's cute anymore).Laughing in this example is:

When Ivan Pavlov presented meat powder,the dog salivated.The meat powder was the ________ and salivation was the ________.

Reacting to a stimulus that is similar to the one you have learned to react to is called ___________ .

When a CS is repeatedly presented by itself,______ will occur.