Exam 2: C: Research Methods

____ is the most important part of ensuring the generalizability of one's results to the general population.

The major advantage of a correlational design over a naturalistic observation or a case study design is that a correlational design allows us to ____.

The ability to state that differences in the conditions of the independent variable led to the observed differences in the dependent variable is lessened when a ____ variable is present in one's research design.

Dr.Barrios is examining the relationship between student scores on a practice test in his senior-level class with their actual performance,with different questions,on his first exam.If there is consistency or stability in these scores,Dr.Barrios would be able to say that ____ exists.

Dr.Friesz asks his research assistant to gather information on how his data are clustering together on the variable,average daily temperature for December.He is asking for a measure of ____.

Causal inferences are only possible with a(n) ____ design.

The degree of statistical association between two variables is the focus of ____ designs.

If a statistician asks you,his assistant,to calculate the middle score from a data set,he is asking you to determine the value of the ____.

One important limitation of the experimental design is that when research participants know what condition they have been assigned to,this knowledge,rather than the independent variable,may be the cause of the differences observed in the dependent variable.This is known as the ____ effect.

An important concern in research is that people will respond in a manner that conveys a specific impression rather than in a way that reflects his or her true behaviour.When people do this to make themselves appear more skilled than they really are,they are engaging in the response set of ____.

Before one's research is published in a scientific journal,it must be evaluated in terms of its accuracy and contribution to the field.This evaluation is referred to as ____.

If a researcher investigated the topic of aggression by simply recording instances of aggression on a school playground,in a place of business,in a nightclub,and in many other everyday settings,he or she would be using the research design of ____.

According to the authors,many examples of superstitious behaviour are the result of ____.

The goal of inferential statistics is to ____ our results to other similar samples.

In most experimental and correlational studies,the researcher is required to obtain the participant's ____.

If a professor gave an exam and the entire class scored within the C range,this would be similar to the rating error known as ____.

When neither the experimenter nor the participant have any knowledge of the experimental condition to which the participant has been assigned,we say that this is a ____ study.

The preferred measure of dispersion in descriptive statistics is the ____.

Jay is writing an article for the school newspaper about student attendance.His main point is that during the final semester of one's senior year,a student is more likely to miss school.Data obtained from his principal indicates that on any given day 17 percent of the senior class is absent (compared with 12 percent of juniors,13 percent of sophomores,and 16 percent of freshmen).His headline reads "Senioritis: A Real Phenomenon." He has engaged in use of the misleading tool of ____.