Question 1

A(n)______________ is a term used to describe a gene that accelerates growth.

Accepted Answer

A)  oncogene 
B)  tumor-suppressor gene 
C)  nucleoside 
D)  nucleotide 
A)  oncogene 
B)  tumor-suppressor gene 
C)  nucleoside 
D)  nucleotide A

Question 2

The three most common procedures used to make a diagnosis of cancer are all except which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Incisional 
B)  Excisional 
C)  Sputum cytology 
D)  Needle aspiration 
A)  Incisional 
B)  Excisional 
C)  Sputum cytology 
D)  Needle aspiration C

Question 3

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a malignant tumor?

Accepted Answer

A)  Grows by local invasion 
B)  Can be life threatening 
C)  Grows rapidly 
D)  Malignant cells are encapsulated with fibrous tissue 
A)  Grows by local invasion 
B)  Can be life threatening 
C)  Grows rapidly 
D)  Malignant cells are encapsulated with fibrous tissue D

Question 4

Which of the following describes the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  Contains genetic DNA 
B)  Contains organelles 
C)  Is a permeable structure 
D)  Is the powerhouse of the cell 
A)  Contains genetic DNA 
B)  Contains organelles 
C)  Is a permeable structure 
D)  Is the powerhouse of the cell

Question 5

Cellular swelling is the hallmark of reversible damage and occurs as the damaged cellular membrane fails to properly regulate the concentration of ___________.

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium 
B)  water 
C)  hydrogen 
D)  oxygen 
A)  sodium 
B)  water 
C)  hydrogen 
D)  oxygen

Question 6

Etiology is defined as the study of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Understanding of disease 
B)  Socioeconomic facts of disease 
C)  Cause of disease 
D)  Stratification of disease 
A)  Understanding of disease 
B)  Socioeconomic facts of disease 
C)  Cause of disease 
D)  Stratification of disease

Question 7

What is the main difference between benign and malignant neoplasms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Benign neoplasms grow by expansion and remain localized; malignant neoplasms grow by infiltration and metastasize by lymph or blood. 
B)  Benign neoplasms grow by infiltration and metastasize by expansion and remain localized. 
C)  Benign neoplasms usually are not encapsulated, compared to malignant neoplasms, which are encapsulated. 
A)  Benign neoplasms grow by expansion and remain localized; malignant neoplasms grow by infiltration and metastasize by lymph or blood. 
B)  Benign neoplasms grow by infiltration and metastasize by expansion and remain localized. 
C)  Benign neoplasms usually are not encapsulated, compared to malignant neoplasms, which are encapsulated.

Question 8

Agents causing inflammation include which of the following?
I.Hypoxia
II.Chemicals
III.Ionizing radiation
IV.Allergic reactions

Accepted Answer

A)  I and II 
B)  I, II, and III 
C)  II, III, and N 
D)  I, II, III, and IV 
A)  I and II 
B)  I, II, and III 
C)  II, III, and N 
D)  I, II, III, and IV

Question 9

Hodgkin's disease is a neoplasm that typically involves the _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  brain 
B)  lung 
C)  lymph nodes 
D)  liver 
A)  brain 
B)  lung 
C)  lymph nodes 
D)  liver

Question 10

Characteristics of malignant tumors include all except which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  They have rapid growth. 
B)  They are encapsulated. 
C)  They metastasize frequently. 
D)  There is frequent vessel invasion. 
A)  They have rapid growth. 
B)  They are encapsulated. 
C)  They metastasize frequently. 
D)  There is frequent vessel invasion.

Question 11

Which of the following is a malignant tumor of fat?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chondrosarcoma 
B)  Ewing's tumor 
C)  Seminoma 
D)  Liposarcoma 
A)  Chondrosarcoma 
B)  Ewing's tumor 
C)  Seminoma 
D)  Liposarcoma

Question 12

The cancer of chimney sweeps identified by Percival Pott in mid-eighteenth-century England was related to which of the following chemicals?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hydrocarbons 
B)  Asbestos 
C)  Arsenic 
D)  Nitrosamines 
A)  Hydrocarbons 
B)  Asbestos 
C)  Arsenic 
D)  Nitrosamines

Question 13

When was the microscope introduced?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sixteenth century 
B)  Seventeenth century 
C)  Eighteenth century 
D)  None of the above 
A)  Sixteenth century 
B)  Seventeenth century 
C)  Eighteenth century 
D)  None of the above

Question 14

Which of the following is the most invasive procedure used to make a diagnosis of cancer?

Accepted Answer

A)  Recovery of exfoliating cells 
B)  Fine needle aspiration of malignant cells 
C)  Open biopsy of the tumor 
D)  Retinoscopy 
A)  Recovery of exfoliating cells 
B)  Fine needle aspiration of malignant cells 
C)  Open biopsy of the tumor 
D)  Retinoscopy

Question 15

Which of the following is not a specific criterion used in the "T" category to determine the "T" stage?

Accepted Answer

A)  Firmness 
B)  Depth of invasion 
C)  Size 
D)  Surface spread 
A)  Firmness 
B)  Depth of invasion 
C)  Size 
D)  Surface spread

Question 16

Cancers are broadly divided in terms of the malignant neoplastic process as which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Carcinomas and sarcomas 
B)  Carcinomas and myomas 
C)  Hyperplasia and metaplasia 
D)  Sarcomas and pleomorphic forms 
A)  Carcinomas and sarcomas 
B)  Carcinomas and myomas 
C)  Hyperplasia and metaplasia 
D)  Sarcomas and pleomorphic forms

Question 17

Homeostasis refers to a constant or stable ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  internal environment 
B)  external environment 
C)  temperature and pressure 
D)  nutritional supply 
A)  internal environment 
B)  external environment 
C)  temperature and pressure 
D)  nutritional supply

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of a characteristic of benign tumors?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rapid growth rate 
B)  Frequent vessel invasion 
C)  Increased nuclear chromatin 
D)  Expansive local growth 
A)  Rapid growth rate 
B)  Frequent vessel invasion 
C)  Increased nuclear chromatin 
D)  Expansive local growth

Question 19

Which of the following describes the accidental leakage of intravenous drugs into the surrounding tissues?

Accepted Answer

A)  Permeation 
B)  Metastasis 
C)  Extravasation 
D)  Hypoxia 
A)  Permeation 
B)  Metastasis 
C)  Extravasation 
D)  Hypoxia

Question 20

Which of the following is a malignant tumor of epithelial origin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rhabdomyosarcoma 
B)  Squamous cell carcinoma 
C)  Osteoma 
D)  Malignant angiosarcoma 
A)  Rhabdomyosarcoma 
B)  Squamous cell carcinoma 
C)  Osteoma 
D)  Malignant angiosarcoma

Exam 3: Principles of Pathology

A(n)______________ is a term used to describe a gene that accelerates growth.

The three most common procedures used to make a diagnosis of cancer are all except which of the following?

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a malignant tumor?

Which of the following describes the cell membrane?

Cellular swelling is the hallmark of reversible damage and occurs as the damaged cellular membrane fails to properly regulate the concentration of ___________.

Etiology is defined as the study of which of the following?

What is the main difference between benign and malignant neoplasms?

Agents causing inflammation include which of the following? I.Hypoxia II.Chemicals III.Ionizing radiation IV.Allergic reactions

Hodgkin's disease is a neoplasm that typically involves the _________.

Characteristics of malignant tumors include all except which of the following?

Which of the following is a malignant tumor of fat?

The cancer of chimney sweeps identified by Percival Pott in mid-eighteenth-century England was related to which of the following chemicals?

When was the microscope introduced?

Which of the following is the most invasive procedure used to make a diagnosis of cancer?

Which of the following is not a specific criterion used in the "T" category to determine the "T" stage?

Cancers are broadly divided in terms of the malignant neoplastic process as which of the following?

Homeostasis refers to a constant or stable ____________.

Which of the following is an example of a characteristic of benign tumors?

Which of the following describes the accidental leakage of intravenous drugs into the surrounding tissues?

Which of the following is a malignant tumor of epithelial origin?

Cancer: An Overview

The Ethics and Legal Considerations of Cancer Management

Overview of Radiobiology

Detection and Diagnosis

Medical Imaging

Treatment Delivery Equipment

Treatment Procedures

Infection Control in Radiation Oncology Facilities

Patient Assessment

Pharmacology and Drug Administration

Applied Mathematics Review

Introduction to Radiation Therapy Physics

Aspects of Brachytherapy

Special Procedures

Particle Therapy

Radiation Safety and Protection

Patient Safety in Radiation Oncology

Quality Improvement in Radiation Oncology

Surface and Sectional Anatomy

Simulator Design

Computed Tomography Simulation

Photon Dosimetry Concepts and Calculations

Photon Dose Distributions

Electron Beams in Radiation Therapy

Electronic Charting and Image Management

Bone, Cartilage, and Soft Tissue Sarcomas

Lymphoreticular System Tumors

Endocrine System Tumors

Respiratory System Tumors

Head and Neck Cancers

Central Nervous System Tumors

Digestive System Tumors

Gynecological Tumors

Male Reproductive and Genitourinary Tumors

Breast Cancer

Pediatric Solid Tumors

Skin Cancers and Melanoma

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