Question 1

Which of the following is a reason that "identity development" is an adolescent issue?

Accepted Answer

A)  An identity crisis occurs during adolescence. 
B)  A sense of identity emerges for the first time during adolescence. 
C)  Identity development is one of the inevitable changes of puberty. 
D)  Changes take place during adolescence that cause young people to change how they view and feel about themselves. 
A)  An identity crisis occurs during adolescence. 
B)  A sense of identity emerges for the first time during adolescence. 
C)  Identity development is one of the inevitable changes of puberty. 
D)  Changes take place during adolescence that cause young people to change how they view and feel about themselves. D

Question 2

Dr. Mullins argues that adolescence is such a demanding time that adolescents need several years with as few responsibilities as possible so they can sort out their identities. His argument focuses on the need for a period of:

Accepted Answer

A)  individuation. 
B)  separation. 
C)  crystallization. 
D)  psychosocial moratorium. 
A)  individuation. 
B)  separation. 
C)  crystallization. 
D)  psychosocial moratorium. D

Question 3

According to personality research presented in the textbook, there is evidence that, between adolescence and young adulthood, individuals become:

Accepted Answer

A)  more extraverted and less conscientious. 
B)  less extraverted and more agreeable. 
C)  more emotionally stable and more extraverted. 
D)  less agreeable and more emotionally stable. 
A)  more extraverted and less conscientious. 
B)  less extraverted and more agreeable. 
C)  more emotionally stable and more extraverted. 
D)  less agreeable and more emotionally stable. C

Question 4

Compared to parents who emphasize having pride in one's ethnic group, parents who emphasize the need to be wary about potential racism tend to have children:

Accepted Answer

A)  who fare better in the face of discrimination. 
B)  who fare worse in the face of discrimination. 
C)  who are more prepared for the "real world." 
D)  who are more accepting of discrimination. 
A)  who fare better in the face of discrimination. 
B)  who fare worse in the face of discrimination. 
C)  who are more prepared for the "real world." 
D)  who are more accepting of discrimination.

Question 5

Problems in identity development can result when:

Accepted Answer

A)  earlier crises have not been resolved. 
B)  an adolescent's environment does not allow for a period of foreclosure. 
C)  the adolescent has to endure a period moratorium. 
D)  the adolescent has not yet experienced the crisis of generativity. 
A)  earlier crises have not been resolved. 
B)  an adolescent's environment does not allow for a period of foreclosure. 
C)  the adolescent has to endure a period moratorium. 
D)  the adolescent has not yet experienced the crisis of generativity.

Question 6

Which of the following ethnic identity processes is not similar for identity development in general?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ethnic identity development is profoundly affected by the context in which adolescents live. 
B)  The process of ethnic identity development usually starts with an unquestioning view of oneself being displaced by a "crises." 
C)  Individuals with a strong sense of ethnic identity have better mental health than their peers whose sense of ethnic identity is more diffuse. 
D)  Research has indicated that the process of ethnic identity may be speeded up when adolescents have parents who
Take a deliberate approach to the socialization of an ethnic identity. 
A)  Ethnic identity development is profoundly affected by the context in which adolescents live. 
B)  The process of ethnic identity development usually starts with an unquestioning view of oneself being displaced by a "crises." 
C)  Individuals with a strong sense of ethnic identity have better mental health than their peers whose sense of ethnic identity is more diffuse. 
D)  Research has indicated that the process of ethnic identity may be speeded up when adolescents have parents who
Take a deliberate approach to the socialization of an ethnic identity.

Question 7

Generalizing from Marcia's research on identity, who is most likely to become an authoritarian parent and have the highest need for social approval?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sanjay, identity achieved 
B)  Ann, identity diffusion 
C)  Michele, psychosocial moratorium 
D)  Tara, identity foreclosed 
A)  Sanjay, identity achieved 
B)  Ann, identity diffusion 
C)  Michele, psychosocial moratorium 
D)  Tara, identity foreclosed

Question 8

Adolescents who have more complex self-conceptions are less likely:

Accepted Answer

A)  to be depressed. 
B)  to achieve more in school. 
C)  to have lots of friends. 
D)  to be foreclosed. 
A)  to be depressed. 
B)  to achieve more in school. 
C)  to have lots of friends. 
D)  to be foreclosed.

Question 9

What did the results from longitudinal studies on identity development indicate about the flexibility of identity statuses?

Accepted Answer

A)  The majority of adolescents who were classified as being in a state of identity diffusion were no longer classified that way 4 years later. 
B)  The majority of individuals who had apparently foreclosed the identity development process were in the midst of an identity crisis 4 years later. 
C)  A large proportion of individuals who were classified as being in a state of identity achievement were no longer classified that way at later time-points. 
D)  All of these statements are based on the results of longitudinal studies. 
A)  The majority of adolescents who were classified as being in a state of identity diffusion were no longer classified that way 4 years later. 
B)  The majority of individuals who had apparently foreclosed the identity development process were in the midst of an identity crisis 4 years later. 
C)  A large proportion of individuals who were classified as being in a state of identity achievement were no longer classified that way at later time-points. 
D)  All of these statements are based on the results of longitudinal studies.

Question 10

Rose is transitioning from elementary into junior high school and Sally will be starting her senior year of high school in the fall. According to research presented in the textbook, who is more likely to experience disruptions in self-esteem?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rose 
B)  Sally 
C)  Rose and Sally are equally likely to experience disruptions in self-esteem. 
D)  Neither Sally nor Rose is likely to experience disruptions in self-esteem. 
A)  Rose 
B)  Sally 
C)  Rose and Sally are equally likely to experience disruptions in self-esteem. 
D)  Neither Sally nor Rose is likely to experience disruptions in self-esteem.

Question 11

According to the textbook, having race as a central part of one's identity has the following impact(s) on adolescent development.

Accepted Answer

A)  It may make adolescents more sensitive to discrimination. 
B)  It may help adolescents cope better with discrimination. 
C)  It may make adolescents more sensitive to discrimination and it may help them cope better with discrimination. 
D)  It will not make adolescents more sensitive to discrimination, nor will it help them cope better with discrimination. 
A)  It may make adolescents more sensitive to discrimination. 
B)  It may help adolescents cope better with discrimination. 
C)  It may make adolescents more sensitive to discrimination and it may help them cope better with discrimination. 
D)  It will not make adolescents more sensitive to discrimination, nor will it help them cope better with discrimination.

Question 12

Being aware of potential racism and mistrusting others are not the same thing. Awareness of racism is associated with _________, while mistrust is associated with _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  better achievement; doing poorly in school 
B)  doing poorly in school; better achievement 
C)  disengagement from school; better achievement 
D)  reductions in self-esteem; increases in self-esteem 
A)  better achievement; doing poorly in school 
B)  doing poorly in school; better achievement 
C)  disengagement from school; better achievement 
D)  reductions in self-esteem; increases in self-esteem

Question 13

Racial socialization, the process by which parents teach children about their ethnic identity and the experiences they may encounter within society as a result of this identity, is thought to focus on three major themes. Which of the following is not one of these themes?

Accepted Answer

A)  getting along in mainstream society 
B)  dealing with racism 
C)  intolerance of the majority culture 
D)  understanding one's own culture 
A)  getting along in mainstream society 
B)  dealing with racism 
C)  intolerance of the majority culture 
D)  understanding one's own culture

Question 14

Adolescents are most likely to exhibit false-self behavior with their:

Accepted Answer

A)  friends. 
B)  parents. 
C)  dates. 
D)  siblings. 
A)  friends. 
B)  parents. 
C)  dates. 
D)  siblings.

Question 15

Although research presented in the textbook indicates that physical appearance self-esteem is the best predictor of adolescents' overall self-esteem:

Accepted Answer

A)  adolescents, when asked, say that their physical appearance is one of the least important contributors to how they feel about themselves. 
B)  adolescents may be unaware of the degree to which their self-worth is based on their feelings about their appearance. 
C)  young girls appear to be more concerned than boys about physical attractiveness and physical appearance self-esteem is a more important influence on overall self-esteem among girls than among boys. 
D)  All of these are correct. 
A)  adolescents, when asked, say that their physical appearance is one of the least important contributors to how they feel about themselves. 
B)  adolescents may be unaware of the degree to which their self-worth is based on their feelings about their appearance. 
C)  young girls appear to be more concerned than boys about physical attractiveness and physical appearance self-esteem is a more important influence on overall self-esteem among girls than among boys. 
D)  All of these are correct.

Question 16

According to Erikson, the major crisis of adolescence is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  basic trust versus mistrust. 
B)  autonomy versus shame and doubt. 
C)  industry versus inferiority. 
D)  identity versus identity diffusion. 
A)  basic trust versus mistrust. 
B)  autonomy versus shame and doubt. 
C)  industry versus inferiority. 
D)  identity versus identity diffusion.

Question 17

According to the textbook, which of the following might make individuals especially vulnerable to the effects of stress?

Accepted Answer

A)  volatile self-image 
B)  low sense of self-worth 
C)  egocentrism 
D)  impression management 
A)  volatile self-image 
B)  low sense of self-worth 
C)  egocentrism 
D)  impression management

Question 18

Overall, which group of adolescents feels least positive about themselves?

Accepted Answer

A)  White females 
B)  White males 
C)  Black females 
D)  Black males 
A)  White females 
B)  White males 
C)  Black females 
D)  Black males

Question 19

During childhood, Cathy had relatively high self-esteem. As she enters adolescence, Cathy's self-esteem is most likely to:

Accepted Answer

A)  increase. 
B)  be relatively the same. 
C)  remain the same or decrease. 
D)  decrease. 
A)  increase. 
B)  be relatively the same. 
C)  remain the same or decrease. 
D)  decrease.

Question 20

Which of the following is not one of the explanations researchers have presented to answer the question, "Given the prevalence of prejudice in American society and the generally disadvantaged position of Blacks, why do Black adolescents have high self-esteem?"

Accepted Answer

A)  Black teenagers benefit from the support and positive feedback of adults in their communities. 
B)  Blacks have learned not to recognize the extent to which American society discriminates against them. 
C)  Adolescents protect their self-esteem by focusing on areas of strength instead of areas of weakness. 
D)  A strong sense of ethnic identity among Black adolescents enhances their self-esteem. 
A)  Black teenagers benefit from the support and positive feedback of adults in their communities. 
B)  Blacks have learned not to recognize the extent to which American society discriminates against them. 
C)  Adolescents protect their self-esteem by focusing on areas of strength instead of areas of weakness. 
D)  A strong sense of ethnic identity among Black adolescents enhances their self-esteem.

Which of the following is a reason that "identity development" is an adolescent issue?

Dr. Mullins argues that adolescence is such a demanding time that adolescents need several years with as few responsibilities as possible so they can sort out their identities. His argument focuses on the need for a period of:

According to personality research presented in the textbook, there is evidence that, between adolescence and young adulthood, individuals become:

Compared to parents who emphasize having pride in one's ethnic group, parents who emphasize the need to be wary about potential racism tend to have children:

Problems in identity development can result when:

Which of the following ethnic identity processes is not similar for identity development in general?

Generalizing from Marcia's research on identity, who is most likely to become an authoritarian parent and have the highest need for social approval?

Adolescents who have more complex self-conceptions are less likely:

What did the results from longitudinal studies on identity development indicate about the flexibility of identity statuses?

Rose is transitioning from elementary into junior high school and Sally will be starting her senior year of high school in the fall. According to research presented in the textbook, who is more likely to experience disruptions in self-esteem?

According to the textbook, having race as a central part of one's identity has the following impact(s) on adolescent development.

Being aware of potential racism and mistrusting others are not the same thing. Awareness of racism is associated with _, while mistrust is associated with _.

Racial socialization, the process by which parents teach children about their ethnic identity and the experiences they may encounter within society as a result of this identity, is thought to focus on three major themes. Which of the following is not one of these themes?

Adolescents are most likely to exhibit false-self behavior with their:

Although research presented in the textbook indicates that physical appearance self-esteem is the best predictor of adolescents' overall self-esteem:

According to Erikson, the major crisis of adolescence is called:

According to the textbook, which of the following might make individuals especially vulnerable to the effects of stress?

Overall, which group of adolescents feels least positive about themselves?

During childhood, Cathy had relatively high self-esteem. As she enters adolescence, Cathy's self-esteem is most likely to:

Which of the following is not one of the explanations researchers have presented to answer the question, "Given the prevalence of prejudice in American society and the generally disadvantaged position of Blacks, why do Black adolescents have high self-esteem?"

Biological Transitions

Cognitive Transitions

Social Transitions

Families

Peer Groups

Schools

Work, Leisure, and Media

Autonomy

Intimacy

Sexuality

Achievement

Psychosocial Problems in Adolescence

Filters

Exam 8: Identity

Which of the following is a reason that "identity development" is an adolescent issue?

Dr. Mullins argues that adolescence is such a demanding time that adolescents need several years with as few responsibilities as possible so they can sort out their identities. His argument focuses on the need for a period of:

According to personality research presented in the textbook, there is evidence that, between adolescence and young adulthood, individuals become:

Compared to parents who emphasize having pride in one's ethnic group, parents who emphasize the need to be wary about potential racism tend to have children:

Problems in identity development can result when:

Which of the following ethnic identity processes is not similar for identity development in general?

Generalizing from Marcia's research on identity, who is most likely to become an authoritarian parent and have the highest need for social approval?

Adolescents who have more complex self-conceptions are less likely:

What did the results from longitudinal studies on identity development indicate about the flexibility of identity statuses?

Rose is transitioning from elementary into junior high school and Sally will be starting her senior year of high school in the fall. According to research presented in the textbook, who is more likely to experience disruptions in self-esteem?

According to the textbook, having race as a central part of one's identity has the following impact(s) on adolescent development.

Being aware of potential racism and mistrusting others are not the same thing. Awareness of racism is associated with _________, while mistrust is associated with _________.

Racial socialization, the process by which parents teach children about their ethnic identity and the experiences they may encounter within society as a result of this identity, is thought to focus on three major themes. Which of the following is not one of these themes?

Adolescents are most likely to exhibit false-self behavior with their:

Although research presented in the textbook indicates that physical appearance self-esteem is the best predictor of adolescents' overall self-esteem:

According to Erikson, the major crisis of adolescence is called:

According to the textbook, which of the following might make individuals especially vulnerable to the effects of stress?

Overall, which group of adolescents feels least positive about themselves?

During childhood, Cathy had relatively high self-esteem. As she enters adolescence, Cathy's self-esteem is most likely to:

Which of the following is not one of the explanations researchers have presented to answer the question, "Given the prevalence of prejudice in American society and the generally disadvantaged position of Blacks, why do Black adolescents have high self-esteem?"

Biological Transitions

Cognitive Transitions

Social Transitions

Families

Peer Groups

Schools

Work, Leisure, and Media

Autonomy

Intimacy

Sexuality

Achievement

Psychosocial Problems in Adolescence

Filters

Being aware of potential racism and mistrusting others are not the same thing. Awareness of racism is associated with _, while mistrust is associated with _.