Question 1

The natural tendency of an object to resist changes in motion is called:

Accepted Answer

A) inertia 
B) weight 
C) acceleration 
D) mass 
E) velocity 
A) inertia 
B) weight 
C) acceleration 
D) mass 
E) velocity

Question 2

A circle has an eccentricity of _________ and a line has an eccentricity of _________.

Accepted Answer

A) 1;0 
B) 1;1 
C) 0;infinity 
D) 0;1 
E) infinity;0 
A) 1;0 
B) 1;1 
C) 0;infinity 
D) 0;1 
E) infinity;0

Question 3

The eccentricity of the majority of the planetary orbits in our Solar System is approximately:

Accepted Answer

A) 0 
B) 1 
C) 0.5 
D) 0.2 
E) infinity 
A) 0 
B) 1 
C) 0.5 
D) 0.2 
E) infinity

Question 4

Kepler's third law written as P2 = A3 holds true mathematically for our Solar System only if the period is expressed in years and the semimajor axis is expressed in AU.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Suppose an asteroid had an orbit with a semimajor axis of 4 AU.How long would it take for it to orbit once around the Sun?

Accepted Answer

A) 76 years 
B) 45 years 
C) 8 years 
D) 16 years 
E) 2 years 
A) 76 years 
B) 45 years 
C) 8 years 
D) 16 years 
E) 2 years

Question 6

The dwarf planet named Eris orbits the Sun with a semimajor axis of 68 AU.Using Kepler's third law,Eris's orbital period is:

Accepted Answer

A) 26 years 
B) 130 years 
C) 72 years 
D) 240 years 
E) 560 years 
A) 26 years 
B) 130 years 
C) 72 years 
D) 240 years 
E) 560 years

Question 7

If you travel at a velocity of 30 mph during a 15-mile trip from home to school,how long does the trip take?

Accepted Answer

A) 2 hours 
B) 0.2 hours 
C) 0.5 hours 
D) 5 hours e 750 hours 
A) 2 hours 
B) 0.2 hours 
C) 0.5 hours 
D) 5 hours e 750 hours

Question 8

If you start from rest and accelerate at 15 mph/s for 5 seconds,how fast will you be traveling at the end?

Accepted Answer

A) 75 mph 
B) 45 mph 
C) 3 mph 
D) 12 mph 
E) 20 mph 
A) 75 mph 
B) 45 mph 
C) 3 mph 
D) 12 mph 
E) 20 mph

Question 9

Planets with circular orbits travel at the same speed at all points in their orbits,whereas planets with elliptical orbits change their speeds at different points in their orbits.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The average distance between a planet and the Sun is given by the _________ of its elliptical orbit.

Accepted Answer

A) radius 
B) semiminor axis 
C) eccentricity 
D) semimajor axis 
E) distance between the foci 
A) radius 
B) semiminor axis 
C) eccentricity 
D) semimajor axis 
E) distance between the foci

Question 11

When the geocentric model of the solar system did not match the observed positions of the planets:

Accepted Answer

A) Tycho Brahe made measurements of higher accuracy and showed the geocentric model was correct 
B) Ptolemy added epicycles to the geocentric model to match the observed data 
C) Galileo argued that the Sun revolved around the Earth 
D) Kepler was inspired to create the theory of gravity 
E) Copernicus proposed the heliocentric mode 
A) Tycho Brahe made measurements of higher accuracy and showed the geocentric model was correct 
B) Ptolemy added epicycles to the geocentric model to match the observed data 
C) Galileo argued that the Sun revolved around the Earth 
D) Kepler was inspired to create the theory of gravity 
E) Copernicus proposed the heliocentric mode

Question 12

If Neptune has a semimajor axis of 19 AU,its orbital period is:

Accepted Answer

A) 45 years 
B) 83 years 
C) 130 years 
D) 220 years 
E) 380 years 
A) 45 years 
B) 83 years 
C) 130 years 
D) 220 years 
E) 380 years

Question 13

When the Earth catches up to a slower moving outer planet and passes it like a faster runner overtaking a slower runner in an outside lane,the planet:

Accepted Answer

A) exhibits retrograde motion 
B) slows down because it feels the Earth's gravitational pull 
C) decreases in brightness as it passes through the Earth's shadow 
D) moves into a more elliptical orbit 
E) exhibits prograde motion 
A) exhibits retrograde motion 
B) slows down because it feels the Earth's gravitational pull 
C) decreases in brightness as it passes through the Earth's shadow 
D) moves into a more elliptical orbit 
E) exhibits prograde motion

Question 14

If Mercury has an orbital period of about 88 days,what is its average distance from the Sun?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.2 AU 
B) 0.01 AU 
C) 0.05 AU 
D) 0.4 AU 
E) 0.7 AU 
A) 0.2 AU 
B) 0.01 AU 
C) 0.05 AU 
D) 0.4 AU 
E) 0.7 AU

Question 15

The time it takes a planet to complete one full orbital revolution is commonly known as its:

Accepted Answer

A) period 
B) frequency 
C) orbital domain 
D) velocity 
E) eccentricity 
A) period 
B) frequency 
C) orbital domain 
D) velocity 
E) eccentricity

Question 16

According to Aristotle,what is the natural state of all objects? In practical terms,what does this mean for moving objects? How did Galileo disagree with Aristotle's theory?

Accepted Answer

According to Aristotle,the natural state

Question 17

Which of the following are the inferior planets?

Accepted Answer

A) Mercury 
B) Mercury and Mars 
C) Mercury and Venus 
D) Mars 
E) Mercury,Mars,and Pluto 
A) Mercury 
B) Mercury and Mars 
C) Mercury and Venus 
D) Mars 
E) Mercury,Mars,and Pluto

Question 18

If you apply a force of 10 N to a grocery cart and get an acceleration of 0.5 m/s2,then the mass of the grocery cart is:

Accepted Answer

A) 5 kg 
B) 0.05 kg 
C) 20 kg 
D) 50 kg 
E) 0.20 kg 
A) 5 kg 
B) 0.05 kg 
C) 20 kg 
D) 50 kg 
E) 0.20 kg

Question 19

In a period of three months,a planet travels 30,000 km with an average speed of 10.5 km/s.Some time later,the same planet travels 65,000 km in three months.How fast is the planet traveling at this later time? During which period is the planet closer to the Sun?

Accepted Answer

At the later time,because the planet is

Question 20

How did Ptolemy "fix" the geocentric system?

Accepted Answer

A) He introduced retrograde motion. 
B) He introduced prograde motion. 
C) He moved the Sun to the center. 
D) He introduced epicycles. 
E) He introduced Earth's motion. 
A) He introduced retrograde motion. 
B) He introduced prograde motion. 
C) He moved the Sun to the center. 
D) He introduced epicycles. 
E) He introduced Earth's motion.

Exam 3: Motion of Astronomical Bodies

The natural tendency of an object to resist changes in motion is called:

A circle has an eccentricity of _________ and a line has an eccentricity of _________.

The eccentricity of the majority of the planetary orbits in our Solar System is approximately:

Kepler's third law written as P2 = A3 holds true mathematically for our Solar System only if the period is expressed in years and the semimajor axis is expressed in AU.

Suppose an asteroid had an orbit with a semimajor axis of 4 AU.How long would it take for it to orbit once around the Sun?

The dwarf planet named Eris orbits the Sun with a semimajor axis of 68 AU.Using Kepler's third law,Eris's orbital period is:

If you travel at a velocity of 30 mph during a 15-mile trip from home to school,how long does the trip take?

If you start from rest and accelerate at 15 mph/s for 5 seconds,how fast will you be traveling at the end?

Planets with circular orbits travel at the same speed at all points in their orbits,whereas planets with elliptical orbits change their speeds at different points in their orbits.

The average distance between a planet and the Sun is given by the _________ of its elliptical orbit.

When the geocentric model of the solar system did not match the observed positions of the planets:

If Neptune has a semimajor axis of 19 AU,its orbital period is:

When the Earth catches up to a slower moving outer planet and passes it like a faster runner overtaking a slower runner in an outside lane,the planet:

If Mercury has an orbital period of about 88 days,what is its average distance from the Sun?

The time it takes a planet to complete one full orbital revolution is commonly known as its:

According to Aristotle,what is the natural state of all objects? In practical terms,what does this mean for moving objects? How did Galileo disagree with Aristotle's theory?

Which of the following are the inferior planets?

If you apply a force of 10 N to a grocery cart and get an acceleration of 0.5 m/s2,then the mass of the grocery cart is:

In a period of three months,a planet travels 30,000 km with an average speed of 10.5 km/s.Some time later,the same planet travels 65,000 km in three months.How fast is the planet traveling at this later time? During which period is the planet closer to the Sun?

How did Ptolemy "fix" the geocentric system?

Why Learn Astronomy

Patterns in the Skymotions of Earth

Gravity and Orbits

Light

The Tools of the Astronomer

The Birth and Evolution of Planetary Systems

The Terrestrial Planets and Earths Moon

Atmospheres of the Terrestrial Planets

Worlds of Gas and Liquid the Giant Planets

Planetary Adornments Moons and Rings

Dwarf Planets and Small Solar System Bodies

Taking the Measure of Stars

Our Starthe Sun

Star Formation and the Interstellar Medium

Evolution of Low-Mass Stars

Evolution of High-Mass Stars

Relativity and Black Holes

The Expanding Universe

Galaxies

The Milky Waya Normal Spiral Galaxy

Modern Cosmology

Large-Scale Structure in the Universe

Life

Filters

A circle has an eccentricity of _ and a line has an eccentricity of _.

Kepler's third law written as P² = A³ holds true mathematically for our Solar System only if the period is expressed in years and the semimajor axis is expressed in AU.

If you apply a force of 10 N to a grocery cart and get an acceleration of 0.5 m/s²,then the mass of the grocery cart is: