Question 1

For this question,refer to the following map,"Indian Country in the West,to 1890."   The map above is best understood in the context of

Accepted Answer

A)  the U.S.government hoping to end American Indian tribal identities through assimilation. 
B)  the mass movement of people into the nation's cities. 
C)  the effort of conservationists to protect unspoiled wilderness through various preservationist measures. 
D)  political debates over economic and social policies. 
A)  the U.S.government hoping to end American Indian tribal identities through assimilation. 
B)  the mass movement of people into the nation's cities. 
C)  the effort of conservationists to protect unspoiled wilderness through various preservationist measures. 
D)  political debates over economic and social policies. A

Question 2

Which constitutional amendment did the Supreme Court use in the 1870s to the 1890s to protect the rights of corporations-even though it had been written to protect individual rights?

Accepted Answer

A)  First 
B)  Tenth 
C)  Thirteenth 
D)  Fourteenth 
A)  First 
B)  Tenth 
C)  Thirteenth 
D)  Fourteenth D

Question 3

Which of the following statements describes women's experience in the West in the late nineteenth century?

Accepted Answer

A)  The Homestead Act reflected the attitudes of the day by excluding women as homesteaders. 
B)  Single women made up between 5 and 20 percent of homesteaders in North Dakota. 
C)  Most women living in the West rejected the eastern ideal of domesticity. 
D)  Women made up only a small percentage of the American population in the West. 
A)  The Homestead Act reflected the attitudes of the day by excluding women as homesteaders. 
B)  Single women made up between 5 and 20 percent of homesteaders in North Dakota. 
C)  Most women living in the West rejected the eastern ideal of domesticity. 
D)  Women made up only a small percentage of the American population in the West. B

Question 4

Answer the following  questions :
-Fetterman massacre

Accepted Answer

A) The railway line completed on May 10,1869,that connected the Central Pacific and Union Pacific lines,enabling goods to move by railway from the eastern United States all the way to California. 
B) A tax or duty on foreign producers of goods coming into or imported into the United States;these tariffs gave U.S.manufacturers a competitive advantage in America's gigantic domestic market. 
C) An 1868 treaty that guaranteed the rights of U.S.missionaries in China and set official terms for the emigration of Chinese laborers to work in the United States. 
D) An 1877 Supreme Court case that affirmed that states could regulate key businesses,such as railroads and grain elevators,if those businesses were "clothed in the public interest." 
E) The practice of backing a country's currency with its reserves of gold.In 1873 the United States,following Great Britain and other European nations,began converting to this practice.
F)A term used by those critical of an 1873 law directing the U.S.Treasury to cease minting silver dollars,retire Civil War-era greenbacks,and replace them with notes backed by the gold standard from an expanded system of national banks.
G)The 1862 act that gave 160 acres of free western land to any applicant who occupied and improved the property.This policy led to the rapid development of the American West after the Civil War;facing arid conditions in the West,however,many homesteaders found themselves unable to live on their land.
H)Authorized by the Morrill Act of 1862,these educational institutions were public universities founded to broaden educational opportunities and foster technical and scientific expertise.These universities were funded by the Morrill Act,which authorized the sale of federal lands to raise money for higher education.
I)An unfounded theory that settlement and farming of the Great Plains caused an increase in rainfall.
J)African Americans who walked or rode out of the Deep South following the Civil War,many settling on farms in Kansas in hopes of finding peace and prosperity.
K)Established in 1872 by Congress,this protected land was the United States's first national park.
L)A federal bureau established in 1871 that made recommendations to stem the decline in wild fish.Its creation was an important step toward wildlife conservation and management.
M)The November 29,1864 massacre of more than a hundred peaceful Cheyennes,largely women and children,by John M.Chivington's Colorado militia.
N)A massacre in December 1866 in which 1,500 Sioux warriors lured Captain William Fetterman and eighty soldiers from a Wyoming fort and attacked them.With the Fetterman massacre the Sioux succeeded in closing the Bozeman Trail,the main route into Montana.
O)A 1903 Supreme Court ruling that Congress could make whatever Indian policies it chose,ignoring all existing treaties.
P)The 1887 law that gave Native Americans severalty (individual ownership of land)by dividing reservations into homesteads.The law was a disaster for native peoples,resulting over several decades in the loss of 66 percent of lands held by Indians at the time of the law's passage.
Q)The 1876 battle begun when American cavalry under George Armstrong Custer attacked an encampment of Sioux,Arapaho,and Cheyenne Indians who resisted removal to a reservation.Custer's force was annihilated,but with whites calling for U.S.soldiers to retaliate,the Native American military victory was short-lived.
R)Religion of the late 1880s and early 1890s that combined elements of Christianity and traditional Native American religion.It fostered Plains Indians' hope that they could,through sacred dances,resurrect the great bison herds and call up a storm to drive whites back across the Atlantic.
S)The 1890 massacre of Sioux Indians by American cavalry in South Dakota.Sent to suppress the Ghost Dance,soldiers caught up with fleeing Lakotas and killed as many as 300. 
A) The railway line completed on May 10,1869,that connected the Central Pacific and Union Pacific lines,enabling goods to move by railway from the eastern United States all the way to California. 
B) A tax or duty on foreign producers of goods coming into or imported into the United States;these tariffs gave U.S.manufacturers a competitive advantage in America's gigantic domestic market. 
C) An 1868 treaty that guaranteed the rights of U.S.missionaries in China and set official terms for the emigration of Chinese laborers to work in the United States. 
D) An 1877 Supreme Court case that affirmed that states could regulate key businesses,such as railroads and grain elevators,if those businesses were "clothed in the public interest." 
E) The practice of backing a country's currency with its reserves of gold.In 1873 the United States,following Great Britain and other European nations,began converting to this practice.
F)A term used by those critical of an 1873 law directing the U.S.Treasury to cease minting silver dollars,retire Civil War-era greenbacks,and replace them with notes backed by the gold standard from an expanded system of national banks.
G)The 1862 act that gave 160 acres of free western land to any applicant who occupied and improved the property.This policy led to the rapid development of the American West after the Civil War;facing arid conditions in the West,however,many homesteaders found themselves unable to live on their land.
H)Authorized by the Morrill Act of 1862,these educational institutions were public universities founded to broaden educational opportunities and foster technical and scientific expertise.These universities were funded by the Morrill Act,which authorized the sale of federal lands to raise money for higher education.
I)An unfounded theory that settlement and farming of the Great Plains caused an increase in rainfall.
J)African Americans who walked or rode out of the Deep South following the Civil War,many settling on farms in Kansas in hopes of finding peace and prosperity.
K)Established in 1872 by Congress,this protected land was the United States's first national park.
L)A federal bureau established in 1871 that made recommendations to stem the decline in wild fish.Its creation was an important step toward wildlife conservation and management.
M)The November 29,1864 massacre of more than a hundred peaceful Cheyennes,largely women and children,by John M.Chivington's Colorado militia.
N)A massacre in December 1866 in which 1,500 Sioux warriors lured Captain William Fetterman and eighty soldiers from a Wyoming fort and attacked them.With the Fetterman massacre the Sioux succeeded in closing the Bozeman Trail,the main route into Montana.
O)A 1903 Supreme Court ruling that Congress could make whatever Indian policies it chose,ignoring all existing treaties.
P)The 1887 law that gave Native Americans severalty (individual ownership of land)by dividing reservations into homesteads.The law was a disaster for native peoples,resulting over several decades in the loss of 66 percent of lands held by Indians at the time of the law's passage.
Q)The 1876 battle begun when American cavalry under George Armstrong Custer attacked an encampment of Sioux,Arapaho,and Cheyenne Indians who resisted removal to a reservation.Custer's force was annihilated,but with whites calling for U.S.soldiers to retaliate,the Native American military victory was short-lived.
R)Religion of the late 1880s and early 1890s that combined elements of Christianity and traditional Native American religion.It fostered Plains Indians' hope that they could,through sacred dances,resurrect the great bison herds and call up a storm to drive whites back across the Atlantic.
S)The 1890 massacre of Sioux Indians by American cavalry in South Dakota.Sent to suppress the Ghost Dance,soldiers caught up with fleeing Lakotas and killed as many as 300.

Question 5

How did cattle ranching develop on the western grasslands and become part of the integrated national economy?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include:
- Extermin

Question 6

Which of the following events demonstrated the newfound international power of the United States in the immediate aftermath of the Civil War?

Accepted Answer

A)  Annexation of Panama and the Philippines 
B)  Britain's damage payments to the United States 
C)  Monroe Doctrine 
D)  Annexation of Hawaii 
A)  Annexation of Panama and the Philippines 
B)  Britain's damage payments to the United States 
C)  Monroe Doctrine 
D)  Annexation of Hawaii

Question 7

What survival strategies did conquered Native Americans develop?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include:
- Treaties

Question 8

Which of the following developments made open ranching feasible on the Great Plains between the 1860s and the 1880s?

Accepted Answer

A)  The cultivation of new feed crops 
B)  The availability of free land 
C)  The introduction of barbed-wire fencing 
D)  The Homestead Act of 1862 
A)  The cultivation of new feed crops 
B)  The availability of free land 
C)  The introduction of barbed-wire fencing 
D)  The Homestead Act of 1862

Question 9

What factors drew homesteaders to the Great Plains,and what role did they play in the Republicans' vision for the post-Civil War nation?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include:
- Corporat

Question 10

Why was it necessary for railroads and land speculators to promote settlement of the Great Plains in the late nineteenth century?

Accepted Answer

A)  The U.S.government had not publicized the Homestead Act. 
B)  Americans thought of the area as the Great American Desert. 
C)  Without economic incentives,few people could afford homesteads. 
D)  The region was heavily forested and hard to cultivate. 
A)  The U.S.government had not publicized the Homestead Act. 
B)  Americans thought of the area as the Great American Desert. 
C)  Without economic incentives,few people could afford homesteads. 
D)  The region was heavily forested and hard to cultivate.

Question 11

Who benefitted most from the General Mining Act of 1872,which allowed individuals who discovered minerals on federally owned land to work the claim and keep the proceeds?

Accepted Answer

A)  Homesteaders 
B)  Small independent mining prospectors 
C)  Mexican miners 
D)  Powerful investors 
A)  Homesteaders 
B)  Small independent mining prospectors 
C)  Mexican miners 
D)  Powerful investors

Question 12

The United States adopted the gold standard in the 1870s for its currency because

Accepted Answer

A)  it hoped to encourage European investment in the United States. 
B)  geologists predicted huge gold strikes out west. 
C)  gold was a more durable form of currency than greenbacks. 
D)  it sought economic development through a larger money supply. 
A)  it hoped to encourage European investment in the United States. 
B)  geologists predicted huge gold strikes out west. 
C)  gold was a more durable form of currency than greenbacks. 
D)  it sought economic development through a larger money supply.

Question 13

During and after the Civil War,the Republican Congress implemented its economic vision for the United States by

Accepted Answer

A)  subsidizing the transcontinental railroad. 
B)  weakening the national banking system. 
C)  lowering tariffs on foreign goods. 
D)  enacting a national minimum wage. 
A)  subsidizing the transcontinental railroad. 
B)  weakening the national banking system. 
C)  lowering tariffs on foreign goods. 
D)  enacting a national minimum wage.

Question 14

Which of the following factors contributed to the failure of the Indian peace policy in the late nineteenth century?

Accepted Answer

A)  The extermination of the bison 
B)  Rivalries among different Christian missionary groups 
C)  The federal government's unwillingness to allocate funds 
D)  Indians' desire to assimilate into white society 
A)  The extermination of the bison 
B)  Rivalries among different Christian missionary groups 
C)  The federal government's unwillingness to allocate funds 
D)  Indians' desire to assimilate into white society

Question 15

Answer the following  questions :
-land-grant colleges

Accepted Answer

A) The railway line completed on May 10,1869,that connected the Central Pacific and Union Pacific lines,enabling goods to move by railway from the eastern United States all the way to California. 
B) A tax or duty on foreign producers of goods coming into or imported into the United States;these tariffs gave U.S.manufacturers a competitive advantage in America's gigantic domestic market. 
C) An 1868 treaty that guaranteed the rights of U.S.missionaries in China and set official terms for the emigration of Chinese laborers to work in the United States. 
D) An 1877 Supreme Court case that affirmed that states could regulate key businesses,such as railroads and grain elevators,if those businesses were "clothed in the public interest." 
E) The practice of backing a country's currency with its reserves of gold.In 1873 the United States,following Great Britain and other European nations,began converting to this practice.
F)A term used by those critical of an 1873 law directing the U.S.Treasury to cease minting silver dollars,retire Civil War-era greenbacks,and replace them with notes backed by the gold standard from an expanded system of national banks.
G)The 1862 act that gave 160 acres of free western land to any applicant who occupied and improved the property.This policy led to the rapid development of the American West after the Civil War;facing arid conditions in the West,however,many homesteaders found themselves unable to live on their land.
H)Authorized by the Morrill Act of 1862,these educational institutions were public universities founded to broaden educational opportunities and foster technical and scientific expertise.These universities were funded by the Morrill Act,which authorized the sale of federal lands to raise money for higher education.
I)An unfounded theory that settlement and farming of the Great Plains caused an increase in rainfall.
J)African Americans who walked or rode out of the Deep South following the Civil War,many settling on farms in Kansas in hopes of finding peace and prosperity.
K)Established in 1872 by Congress,this protected land was the United States's first national park.
L)A federal bureau established in 1871 that made recommendations to stem the decline in wild fish.Its creation was an important step toward wildlife conservation and management.
M)The November 29,1864 massacre of more than a hundred peaceful Cheyennes,largely women and children,by John M.Chivington's Colorado militia.
N)A massacre in December 1866 in which 1,500 Sioux warriors lured Captain William Fetterman and eighty soldiers from a Wyoming fort and attacked them.With the Fetterman massacre the Sioux succeeded in closing the Bozeman Trail,the main route into Montana.
O)A 1903 Supreme Court ruling that Congress could make whatever Indian policies it chose,ignoring all existing treaties.
P)The 1887 law that gave Native Americans severalty (individual ownership of land)by dividing reservations into homesteads.The law was a disaster for native peoples,resulting over several decades in the loss of 66 percent of lands held by Indians at the time of the law's passage.
Q)The 1876 battle begun when American cavalry under George Armstrong Custer attacked an encampment of Sioux,Arapaho,and Cheyenne Indians who resisted removal to a reservation.Custer's force was annihilated,but with whites calling for U.S.soldiers to retaliate,the Native American military victory was short-lived.
R)Religion of the late 1880s and early 1890s that combined elements of Christianity and traditional Native American religion.It fostered Plains Indians' hope that they could,through sacred dances,resurrect the great bison herds and call up a storm to drive whites back across the Atlantic.
S)The 1890 massacre of Sioux Indians by American cavalry in South Dakota.Sent to suppress the Ghost Dance,soldiers caught up with fleeing Lakotas and killed as many as 300. 
A) The railway line completed on May 10,1869,that connected the Central Pacific and Union Pacific lines,enabling goods to move by railway from the eastern United States all the way to California. 
B) A tax or duty on foreign producers of goods coming into or imported into the United States;these tariffs gave U.S.manufacturers a competitive advantage in America's gigantic domestic market. 
C) An 1868 treaty that guaranteed the rights of U.S.missionaries in China and set official terms for the emigration of Chinese laborers to work in the United States. 
D) An 1877 Supreme Court case that affirmed that states could regulate key businesses,such as railroads and grain elevators,if those businesses were "clothed in the public interest." 
E) The practice of backing a country's currency with its reserves of gold.In 1873 the United States,following Great Britain and other European nations,began converting to this practice.
F)A term used by those critical of an 1873 law directing the U.S.Treasury to cease minting silver dollars,retire Civil War-era greenbacks,and replace them with notes backed by the gold standard from an expanded system of national banks.
G)The 1862 act that gave 160 acres of free western land to any applicant who occupied and improved the property.This policy led to the rapid development of the American West after the Civil War;facing arid conditions in the West,however,many homesteaders found themselves unable to live on their land.
H)Authorized by the Morrill Act of 1862,these educational institutions were public universities founded to broaden educational opportunities and foster technical and scientific expertise.These universities were funded by the Morrill Act,which authorized the sale of federal lands to raise money for higher education.
I)An unfounded theory that settlement and farming of the Great Plains caused an increase in rainfall.
J)African Americans who walked or rode out of the Deep South following the Civil War,many settling on farms in Kansas in hopes of finding peace and prosperity.
K)Established in 1872 by Congress,this protected land was the United States's first national park.
L)A federal bureau established in 1871 that made recommendations to stem the decline in wild fish.Its creation was an important step toward wildlife conservation and management.
M)The November 29,1864 massacre of more than a hundred peaceful Cheyennes,largely women and children,by John M.Chivington's Colorado militia.
N)A massacre in December 1866 in which 1,500 Sioux warriors lured Captain William Fetterman and eighty soldiers from a Wyoming fort and attacked them.With the Fetterman massacre the Sioux succeeded in closing the Bozeman Trail,the main route into Montana.
O)A 1903 Supreme Court ruling that Congress could make whatever Indian policies it chose,ignoring all existing treaties.
P)The 1887 law that gave Native Americans severalty (individual ownership of land)by dividing reservations into homesteads.The law was a disaster for native peoples,resulting over several decades in the loss of 66 percent of lands held by Indians at the time of the law's passage.
Q)The 1876 battle begun when American cavalry under George Armstrong Custer attacked an encampment of Sioux,Arapaho,and Cheyenne Indians who resisted removal to a reservation.Custer's force was annihilated,but with whites calling for U.S.soldiers to retaliate,the Native American military victory was short-lived.
R)Religion of the late 1880s and early 1890s that combined elements of Christianity and traditional Native American religion.It fostered Plains Indians' hope that they could,through sacred dances,resurrect the great bison herds and call up a storm to drive whites back across the Atlantic.
S)The 1890 massacre of Sioux Indians by American cavalry in South Dakota.Sent to suppress the Ghost Dance,soldiers caught up with fleeing Lakotas and killed as many as 300.

Question 16

What were the last acts of Native American resistance? What were the consequences of that resistance?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include:
- Last Act

Question 17

Which of the following was the dominant northern Plains Indian tribe?

Accepted Answer

A)  Iroquois 
B)  Kiowas 
C)  Comanches 
D)  Sioux 
A)  Iroquois 
B)  Kiowas 
C)  Comanches 
D)  Sioux

Question 18

The largest mass execution in American history took place as a result of

Accepted Answer

A)  Custer's last stand. 
B)  the Dakota uprising. 
C)  the Battle of Bozeman Trail. 
D)  an Indian uprising against the Dawes Severalty Act. 
A)  Custer's last stand. 
B)  the Dakota uprising. 
C)  the Battle of Bozeman Trail. 
D)  an Indian uprising against the Dawes Severalty Act.

Question 19

Which of the following technological advances played an important role in opening up the Great Plains to farming?

Accepted Answer

A)  Advanced irrigation techniques 
B)  Steel plows and other farm machinery 
C)  Corporate development of drought-resistant grains 
D)  Scientific development of synthetic pesticides 
A)  Advanced irrigation techniques 
B)  Steel plows and other farm machinery 
C)  Corporate development of drought-resistant grains 
D)  Scientific development of synthetic pesticides

Question 20

Republicans used which of the following arguments to justify high tariffs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Low prices of imported goods are beneficial for consumers. 
B)  Protection against European-style industrial poverty is necessary. 
C)  Benefits for low-wage workers in England and Germany are needed. 
D)  American debts must be reduced. 
A)  Low prices of imported goods are beneficial for consumers. 
B)  Protection against European-style industrial poverty is necessary. 
C)  Benefits for low-wage workers in England and Germany are needed. 
D)  American debts must be reduced.

Exam 15: Conquering a Continent, 1860-1890

For this question,refer to the following map,"Indian Country in the West,to 1890." The map above is best understood in the context of

Which constitutional amendment did the Supreme Court use in the 1870s to the 1890s to protect the rights of corporations-even though it had been written to protect individual rights?

Which of the following statements describes women's experience in the West in the late nineteenth century?

Answer the following questions : -Fetterman massacre

How did cattle ranching develop on the western grasslands and become part of the integrated national economy?

Which of the following events demonstrated the newfound international power of the United States in the immediate aftermath of the Civil War?

What survival strategies did conquered Native Americans develop?

Which of the following developments made open ranching feasible on the Great Plains between the 1860s and the 1880s?

What factors drew homesteaders to the Great Plains,and what role did they play in the Republicans' vision for the post-Civil War nation?

Why was it necessary for railroads and land speculators to promote settlement of the Great Plains in the late nineteenth century?

Who benefitted most from the General Mining Act of 1872,which allowed individuals who discovered minerals on federally owned land to work the claim and keep the proceeds?

The United States adopted the gold standard in the 1870s for its currency because

During and after the Civil War,the Republican Congress implemented its economic vision for the United States by

Which of the following factors contributed to the failure of the Indian peace policy in the late nineteenth century?

Answer the following questions : -land-grant colleges

What were the last acts of Native American resistance? What were the consequences of that resistance?

Which of the following was the dominant northern Plains Indian tribe?

The largest mass execution in American history took place as a result of

Which of the following technological advances played an important role in opening up the Great Plains to farming?

Republicans used which of the following arguments to justify high tariffs?

Colliding Worlds, 1491-1600

American Experiments, 1521-1700

The British Atlantic World, 1607-1750

Growth, Diversity, and Conflict, 1720-1763

The Problem of Empire, 1754-1776

Making War and Republican Governments, 1776-1789

Hammering Out a Federal Republic, 1787-1820

Economic Transformations, 1800-1848

A Democratic Revolution, 1800-1848

Religion, Reform, and Culture, 1820-1848

Imperial Ambitions, 1820-1848

Sectional Conflict and Crisis, 1844-1860

Bloody Ground: the Civil War, 1861-1865

Reconstruction, 1865-1877

Industrial America: Corporations and Conflicts, 1877-1910

Making Modern American Culture, 1880-1917

Civilizations Inferno: the Rise and Reform of Industrial Cities, 1880-1917

Whose Government Politics, Populists, and Progressives, 1880-1917

An Emerging World Power, 1890-1918

Unsettled Prosperity: From War to Depression, 1919-1932

Managing the Great Depression, Forging the New Deal, 1929-1938

The World at War, 1937-1945

Cold War America, 1945-1963

Triumph of the Middle Class, 1945-1963

Walking Into Freedom Land: the Civil Rights Movement, 1941-1973

Uncivil Wars:liberal Crisis and Conservative Rebirth, 1961-1972

The Search for Order in an Era of Limits, 1973-1980

Conservative America in the Ascent, 1980-1991

Confronting Global and National Dilemmas, 1989 to the Present

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