Question 1

Which of the following statements best explains how institutions of government impact social structure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Government is the ultimate expression of the power of institutions. 
B)  Governments have very little sway over the social structure. 
C)  Small, informal organizations have enormous power over government institutions. 
D)  Governments experience regular deinstitutionalization through social protest. 
A)  Government is the ultimate expression of the power of institutions. 
B)  Governments have very little sway over the social structure. 
C)  Small, informal organizations have enormous power over government institutions. 
D)  Governments experience regular deinstitutionalization through social protest. A

Question 2

Which of the following is an example of how social structure determines one's life opportunities?

Accepted Answer

A)  Poor people know that the world is stacked against them. 
B)  Rich people think that poor people don't work hard. 
C)  Some religions teach that women should be subordinate to men. 
D)  Having educated parents means you'll be less likely to do well in school. 
A)  Poor people know that the world is stacked against them. 
B)  Rich people think that poor people don't work hard. 
C)  Some religions teach that women should be subordinate to men. 
D)  Having educated parents means you'll be less likely to do well in school. A

Question 3

__________ are formal groups of people acting together in pursuit of a common goal.

Accepted Answer

A)  Institutions 
B)  Organizations 
C)  Families 
D)  Regimes 
A)  Institutions 
B)  Organizations 
C)  Families 
D)  Regimes B

Question 4

What was the leading source of employment for immigrants and natives from the 1880s to the 1920s?

Accepted Answer

A)  jobs in agriculture 
B)  jobs in manufacturing 
C)  jobs in politics 
D)  jobs in religious organizations 
A)  jobs in agriculture 
B)  jobs in manufacturing 
C)  jobs in politics 
D)  jobs in religious organizations

Question 5

When ideas are passed down from one generation to another, they begin to solidify, become accepted, and then become __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  obsolete 
B)  taboo 
C)  dominant 
D)  institutionalized 
A)  obsolete 
B)  taboo 
C)  dominant 
D)  institutionalized

Question 6

How do sociologists define power?

Accepted Answer

A)  the ability to influence the behavior of others 
B)  the financial means to acquire resources 
C)  membership in dominant hierarchies 
D)  the ability to claim rewards 
A)  the ability to influence the behavior of others 
B)  the financial means to acquire resources 
C)  membership in dominant hierarchies 
D)  the ability to claim rewards

Question 7

Dominant groups use __________ to control opportunities and reduce or eliminate challenges from subordinate groups.

Accepted Answer

A)  informal means 
B)  legal means 
C)  informal and legal means 
D)  neither informal nor legal means 
A)  informal means 
B)  legal means 
C)  informal and legal means 
D)  neither informal nor legal means

Question 8

Path dependency is the process by which __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  individuals distinguish between logical outcomes and illogical outcomes 
B)  children are socialized to their parents' behavioral expectations 
C)  economies decline in theoretically expected ways 
D)  historical legacies and past outcomes impact actors and organizations in the present 
A)  individuals distinguish between logical outcomes and illogical outcomes 
B)  children are socialized to their parents' behavioral expectations 
C)  economies decline in theoretically expected ways 
D)  historical legacies and past outcomes impact actors and organizations in the present

Question 9

When groups become more equal in size, competition between them for jobs, housing, romantic partners, etc., __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  stabilizes 
B)  decreases 
C)  intensifies 
D)  ends 
A)  stabilizes 
B)  decreases 
C)  intensifies 
D)  ends

Question 10

When are stereotypes most likely to enable discrimination?

Accepted Answer

A)  when stereotypes are widely held by the dominant group and others 
B)  when stereotypes are based on gender rather than race 
C)  when stereotypes are based on fact 
D)  when stereotypes disproportionately affect one subordinate group 
A)  when stereotypes are widely held by the dominant group and others 
B)  when stereotypes are based on gender rather than race 
C)  when stereotypes are based on fact 
D)  when stereotypes disproportionately affect one subordinate group

Question 11

Which of the following is an example of how population changes impact life chances?

Accepted Answer

A)  The types of jobs and employment available to individuals can be determined by population size. 
B)  Population changes have very little impact on life chances. 
C)  People's IQs can be determined by whether a population has changed recently. 
D)  When people move into a new area, they immediately develop new social structures. 
A)  The types of jobs and employment available to individuals can be determined by population size. 
B)  Population changes have very little impact on life chances. 
C)  People's IQs can be determined by whether a population has changed recently. 
D)  When people move into a new area, they immediately develop new social structures.

Question 12

The "Great Migration" refers to the movement of which group of Americans?

Accepted Answer

A)  Latino Americans 
B)  African Americans 
C)  senior citizens 
D)  migrant farmers 
A)  Latino Americans 
B)  African Americans 
C)  senior citizens 
D)  migrant farmers

Question 13

Which of the following best explains how social hierarchies arise?

Accepted Answer

A)  They arise when one group is able to use their possession of an asset to claim advantage over others. 
B)  They are predetermined by the caste one is born into. 
C)  They are determined by our religious ideology. 
D)  They are based on our skills and abilities. 
A)  They arise when one group is able to use their possession of an asset to claim advantage over others. 
B)  They are predetermined by the caste one is born into. 
C)  They are determined by our religious ideology. 
D)  They are based on our skills and abilities.

Question 14

Why are the institutions of the government critically important to the overall social structure?

Accepted Answer

The institutions of the government are c

Question 15

Which of the following statements regarding social hierarchy and life chances is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Where we stand in key social hierarchies is inconsequential to life chances. 
B)  Where we stand in key social hierarchies has a huge bearing on life chances. 
C)  Where we stand in key social hierarchies as an adult, but not as a child, has a huge bearing on life chances. 
D)  Where we stand in key social hierarchies is generally arbitrary and has an equally arbitrary bearing on life chances. 
A)  Where we stand in key social hierarchies is inconsequential to life chances. 
B)  Where we stand in key social hierarchies has a huge bearing on life chances. 
C)  Where we stand in key social hierarchies as an adult, but not as a child, has a huge bearing on life chances. 
D)  Where we stand in key social hierarchies is generally arbitrary and has an equally arbitrary bearing on life chances.

Question 16

Sociologists understand our life course to be a trajectory of ordered ___________ throughout our lives.

Accepted Answer

A)  roles 
B)  hierarchies 
C)  social inequalities 
D)  population toast 
A)  roles 
B)  hierarchies 
C)  social inequalities 
D)  population toast

Question 17

What are institutions?

Accepted Answer

A)  enduring customs and concrete organizations 
B)  enduring customs, such as marriage 
C)  concrete organizations, such as schools 
D)  enduring customs, concrete organizations, and members of social groups 
A)  enduring customs and concrete organizations 
B)  enduring customs, such as marriage 
C)  concrete organizations, such as schools 
D)  enduring customs, concrete organizations, and members of social groups

Question 18

How do populations most commonly change over time?

Accepted Answer

A)  through immigration 
B)  through reproduction 
C)  through legal mandates 
D)  through intergenerational mobility 
A)  through immigration 
B)  through reproduction 
C)  through legal mandates 
D)  through intergenerational mobility

Question 19

Subordinate groups may challenge contemporary institutionalization practices because ___________.

Accepted Answer

A)  they want to gain access to more power 
B)  they want to resist contemporary norms 
C)  they have rejected the economic structure 
D)  their religious conviction is no longer critically important 
A)  they want to gain access to more power 
B)  they want to resist contemporary norms 
C)  they have rejected the economic structure 
D)  their religious conviction is no longer critically important

Question 20

The barrier against the advancement of which group is typically called a glass ceiling?

Accepted Answer

A)  homosexuals 
B)  African Americans 
C)  women 
D)  low-income men 
A)  homosexuals 
B)  African Americans 
C)  women 
D)  low-income men

Exam 5: Social Structure

Which of the following statements best explains how institutions of government impact social structure?

Which of the following is an example of how social structure determines one's life opportunities?

__________ are formal groups of people acting together in pursuit of a common goal.

What was the leading source of employment for immigrants and natives from the 1880s to the 1920s?

When ideas are passed down from one generation to another, they begin to solidify, become accepted, and then become __________.

How do sociologists define power?

Dominant groups use __________ to control opportunities and reduce or eliminate challenges from subordinate groups.

Path dependency is the process by which __________.

When groups become more equal in size, competition between them for jobs, housing, romantic partners, etc., __________.

When are stereotypes most likely to enable discrimination?

Which of the following is an example of how population changes impact life chances?

The "Great Migration" refers to the movement of which group of Americans?

Which of the following best explains how social hierarchies arise?

Why are the institutions of the government critically important to the overall social structure?

Which of the following statements regarding social hierarchy and life chances is true?

Sociologists understand our life course to be a trajectory of ordered ___________ throughout our lives.

What are institutions?

How do populations most commonly change over time?

Subordinate groups may challenge contemporary institutionalization practices because ___________.

The barrier against the advancement of which group is typically called a glass ceiling?

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