Question 1

In sociological terms, what is a role?

Accepted Answer

A)  a team member's position within an institution or organization 
B)  a position within an institution or organization that comes with specific expectations for what to do and how to behave 
C)  a position within an institution or organization that comes with a specific title 
D)  a high-status position within an institution or organization 
A)  a team member's position within an institution or organization 
B)  a position within an institution or organization that comes with specific expectations for what to do and how to behave 
C)  a position within an institution or organization that comes with a specific title 
D)  a high-status position within an institution or organization

Question 2

Which of the following accurately highlights the difference between norms and laws?

Accepted Answer

A)  Norms are generally not written down whereas laws are written down. 
B)  Violations of norms have no consequences whereas violations of laws have severe consequences. 
C)  Norms are unambiguous whereas laws can be interpreted in a variety of ways. 
D)  Norms constrain personal but not social behavior, whereas laws constrain social behavior but not personal behavior. 
A)  Norms are generally not written down whereas laws are written down. 
B)  Violations of norms have no consequences whereas violations of laws have severe consequences. 
C)  Norms are unambiguous whereas laws can be interpreted in a variety of ways. 
D)  Norms constrain personal but not social behavior, whereas laws constrain social behavior but not personal behavior.

Question 3

Where does the process of socialization typically begin?

Accepted Answer

A)  in communities 
B)  in families 
C)  in schools 
D)  in peer groups 
A)  in communities 
B)  in families 
C)  in schools 
D)  in peer groups

Question 4

Which of these are the basic rules of society that help us know what is and what is not appropriate to do in any situation?

Accepted Answer

A)  roles 
B)  laws 
C)  norms 
D)  mores 
A)  roles 
B)  laws 
C)  norms 
D)  mores

Question 5

Institutionalization is best understood as when __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  norms become part of the formal structures of society 
B)  a business becomes a Fortune 400 company 
C)  an organization resists social protest 
D)  the establishment of new social roles 
A)  norms become part of the formal structures of society 
B)  a business becomes a Fortune 400 company 
C)  an organization resists social protest 
D)  the establishment of new social roles

Question 6

How does socialization instill roles and norms in the individual?

Accepted Answer

Socialization is the process through whi

Question 7

Ben works at a local hospital. Every day he takes the elevator to his office on the tenth floor. He has noticed that once he steps into the elevator, he looks straight ahead at the elevator door and does not make verbal or eye contact with others. This behavior is an example of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  institutionalization 
B)  social movement 
C)  path dependency 
D)  a social norm 
A)  institutionalization 
B)  social movement 
C)  path dependency 
D)  a social norm

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of individual free will being used against social structures?

Accepted Answer

A)  civil rights activism 
B)  stopping at a stop sign 
C)  marrying someone for love 
D)  voting for a mayoral candidate 
A)  civil rights activism 
B)  stopping at a stop sign 
C)  marrying someone for love 
D)  voting for a mayoral candidate

Question 9

Which of the following statements about socialization is true? People who are socialized to the same norms __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  make the same moral judgments 
B)  have the same tastes 
C)  respond to identical incentives in predictable ways 
D)  behave in different and occasionally unpredictable ways 
A)  make the same moral judgments 
B)  have the same tastes 
C)  respond to identical incentives in predictable ways 
D)  behave in different and occasionally unpredictable ways

Question 10

Which of the following best illustrates a breakdown in social structure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Wall Street after the housing market crashed 
B)  New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina 
C)  a home after a house fire 
D)  a parking lot after a sporting event 
A)  Wall Street after the housing market crashed 
B)  New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina 
C)  a home after a house fire 
D)  a parking lot after a sporting event

Question 11

How quickly does social structure tend to change?

Accepted Answer

A)  Social structure is highly volatile and changes very quickly. 
B)  Social structure is durable but changes moderately quickly. 
C)  Social structure changes over time but tends to do so very slowly. 
D)  Social structure is incapable of change. 
A)  Social structure is highly volatile and changes very quickly. 
B)  Social structure is durable but changes moderately quickly. 
C)  Social structure changes over time but tends to do so very slowly. 
D)  Social structure is incapable of change.

Question 12

As we are socialized into our roles, we conform to the rules and norms imposed by our social structure. Consequently, we contribute to __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  reproducing the current social structure 
B)  the present path-dependency 
C)  the resocialization of ourselves 
D)  the rejection of our own free will 
A)  reproducing the current social structure 
B)  the present path-dependency 
C)  the resocialization of ourselves 
D)  the rejection of our own free will

Question 13

Social movements allow for the process of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  social change 
B)  eliminating our legal foundation 
C)  causing social inequality 
D)  reinforcing stereotypes 
A)  social change 
B)  eliminating our legal foundation 
C)  causing social inequality 
D)  reinforcing stereotypes

Question 14

You are the coach of a little league baseball team. You decide that it would be a good idea to teach the players about social roles. Which of the following examples is the clearest example of a role?

Accepted Answer

A)  The team that hits more baseballs tends to win. 
B)  The job of the catcher is to catch the ball and throw it back to the pitcher. 
C)  Players who hit more home runs are usually liked better by their teammates. 
D)  Some kids prefer to play with grass in the outfield rather than pay attention to game play. 
A)  The team that hits more baseballs tends to win. 
B)  The job of the catcher is to catch the ball and throw it back to the pitcher. 
C)  Players who hit more home runs are usually liked better by their teammates. 
D)  Some kids prefer to play with grass in the outfield rather than pay attention to game play.

Question 15

How can path dependency impact the development of society?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is far easier to use preexisting social structures than to develop new ones. 
B)  The paved means of production enhance opportunities for social change. 
C)  Path dependency helps societies resist institutionalization. 
D)  Governments cannot adequately respond to path dependency among the population. 
A)  It is far easier to use preexisting social structures than to develop new ones. 
B)  The paved means of production enhance opportunities for social change. 
C)  Path dependency helps societies resist institutionalization. 
D)  Governments cannot adequately respond to path dependency among the population.

Question 16

Of the following behaviors, which is least likely to be considered a norm violation?

Accepted Answer

A)  talking too loud in a movie theater 
B)  physically assaulting a police officer 
C)  leaving a public restroom without washing your hands 
D)  standing too close to strangers at the bus stop 
A)  talking too loud in a movie theater 
B)  physically assaulting a police officer 
C)  leaving a public restroom without washing your hands 
D)  standing too close to strangers at the bus stop

Question 17

Members of more powerful groups __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  work harder than others 
B)  work less than others 
C)  have advantages over others 
D)  have no advantages over others 
A)  work harder than others 
B)  work less than others 
C)  have advantages over others 
D)  have no advantages over others

Question 18

You are the CEO of a powerful agriculture company that specializes in hybrid corn production. There is currently a proposed law in the state legislature that will require farmers to cull their yields by 20 percent so that they can grow soybeans. As a member of an interest group that would very much like to maintain the status quo, which of the following actions are you likely to take?

Accepted Answer

A)  You hire a well-respected lobbying firm to convince members of the legislature to reject the proposed soybean bill. 
B)  You call leaders of an opposition social movement and consider compromising your interests on this issue. 
C)  You do nothing and decide to ride out the vote. 
D)  You consider the arguments made by the other side and change your mind. 
A)  You hire a well-respected lobbying firm to convince members of the legislature to reject the proposed soybean bill. 
B)  You call leaders of an opposition social movement and consider compromising your interests on this issue. 
C)  You do nothing and decide to ride out the vote. 
D)  You consider the arguments made by the other side and change your mind.

Question 19

Which of the following is an accurate example of norms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Walking on the right side of a hallway full of people. 
B)  Getting a ticket for running a red light. 
C)  Planting a garden in the backyard. 
D)  Protesting a school board decision. 
A)  Walking on the right side of a hallway full of people. 
B)  Getting a ticket for running a red light. 
C)  Planting a garden in the backyard. 
D)  Protesting a school board decision.

Question 20

Which of the following statements about interest groups is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Interest groups would rather tear down parts of the social structure than reform it. 
B)  Interest groups will fight to protect and extend existing social arrangements when they are viewed as beneficial to their members. 
C)  Interest groups are completely averse to the status quo. 
D)  Interest groups have no relationship to paths of dependence. 
A)  Interest groups would rather tear down parts of the social structure than reform it. 
B)  Interest groups will fight to protect and extend existing social arrangements when they are viewed as beneficial to their members. 
C)  Interest groups are completely averse to the status quo. 
D)  Interest groups have no relationship to paths of dependence.

Exam 5: Social Structure

In sociological terms, what is a role?

Which of the following accurately highlights the difference between norms and laws?

Where does the process of socialization typically begin?

Which of these are the basic rules of society that help us know what is and what is not appropriate to do in any situation?

Institutionalization is best understood as when __________.

How does socialization instill roles and norms in the individual?

Ben works at a local hospital. Every day he takes the elevator to his office on the tenth floor. He has noticed that once he steps into the elevator, he looks straight ahead at the elevator door and does not make verbal or eye contact with others. This behavior is an example of __________.

Which of the following is an example of individual free will being used against social structures?

Which of the following statements about socialization is true? People who are socialized to the same norms __________.

Which of the following best illustrates a breakdown in social structure?

How quickly does social structure tend to change?

As we are socialized into our roles, we conform to the rules and norms imposed by our social structure. Consequently, we contribute to __________.

Social movements allow for the process of __________.

You are the coach of a little league baseball team. You decide that it would be a good idea to teach the players about social roles. Which of the following examples is the clearest example of a role?

How can path dependency impact the development of society?

Of the following behaviors, which is least likely to be considered a norm violation?

Members of more powerful groups __________.

Which of the following is an accurate example of norms?

Which of the following statements about interest groups is true?

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