Question 1

Trunk streams are a major region of sediment storage in a river system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Laminar flow,where water moves in approximately straight-line paths,characterizes ________.

Accepted Answer

A) fast-moving streams 
B) slow-moving streams 
C) the edges of channels 
D) the bottoms of channels 
E) all of the above 
A) fast-moving streams 
B) slow-moving streams 
C) the edges of channels 
D) the bottoms of channels 
E) all of the above

Question 3

________ make up the suspended loads of most rivers and streams.

Accepted Answer

A) Dissolved ions and sand 
B) Dissolved salts 
C) Silt and clay-sized,detrital grains 
D) Sand and gravel that move during floods 
A) Dissolved ions and sand 
B) Dissolved salts 
C) Silt and clay-sized,detrital grains 
D) Sand and gravel that move during floods

Question 4

artificial levees dams floodplains channelization

Accepted Answer

The answer of artificial levees dams floodplains channelization...

Question 5

________ describes the total sediment load transported by a stream.

Accepted Answer

A) Capacity 
B) Discharge 
C) Competence 
D) Hydro-load factor 
A) Capacity 
B) Discharge 
C) Competence 
D) Hydro-load factor

Question 6

The main power of water in a channel is related to its ________.

Accepted Answer

A) velocity and temperature 
B) viscosity and velocity 
C) discharge and viscosity 
D) slope and discharge 
E) slope and temperature 
A) velocity and temperature 
B) viscosity and velocity 
C) discharge and viscosity 
D) slope and discharge 
E) slope and temperature

Question 7

Floods are the least destructive of all geologic hazards.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which of the following is not a form of artificial flood control?

Accepted Answer

A) levee construction 
B) dam construction 
C) channel cutoff to form oxbow lakes during a flood 
D) forced levee breaks to deflect flood waters 
A) levee construction 
B) dam construction 
C) channel cutoff to form oxbow lakes during a flood 
D) forced levee breaks to deflect flood waters

Question 9

Karst topography is most commonly associated with areas underlain by massive sandstone strata.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Approximately how much of the Earth's water supply is saline?

Accepted Answer

A) 20% 
B) 43% 
C) 67% 
D) 98% 
E) 100% 
A) 20% 
B) 43% 
C) 67% 
D) 98% 
E) 100%

Question 11

A natural,meandering,river channel is modified into a more or less straight and smooth,canal-like channel.Which of the following statements is correct?

Accepted Answer

A) The natural channel had a lower gradient and less friction than the modified channel. 
B) The straight channel has a higher gradient and more friction than the natural channel. 
C) The natural channel had a lower gradient and higher friction than the straight channel. 
D) All of the above statements are true. 
A) The natural channel had a lower gradient and less friction than the modified channel. 
B) The straight channel has a higher gradient and more friction than the natural channel. 
C) The natural channel had a lower gradient and higher friction than the straight channel. 
D) All of the above statements are true.

Question 12

Porosity is a measure of the volume of open space in rocks and unconsolidated geological materials such as alluvium and soils.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

A(n)________ is a circular to elliptical,closed depression in karst areas.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A(n)________ is a circular to elliptical,closed depression...

Question 14

Which of the following is not part of the water cycle?

Accepted Answer

A) water evaporating from a lake 
B) water infiltrating into the soil and bedrock 
C) calcium carbonate dissolving in soil water and groundwater 
D) water moving into creeks and streams following a rainstorm 
A) water evaporating from a lake 
B) water infiltrating into the soil and bedrock 
C) calcium carbonate dissolving in soil water and groundwater 
D) water moving into creeks and streams following a rainstorm

Question 15

Which slender,conical speleothem grows from water dripping from the ceiling of a cavern?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which slender,conical speleothem grows from water dripping...

Question 16

In 2011 snow melt and heavy rains in the upper Missouri River drainage basin produced record runoff that led to extensive flooding in lower Missouri River valley,despite the construction of numerous large flood control dams built on the river in the mid 20th century.What type of failure in an artificial flood control system is this an example of?

Accepted Answer

A) Insufficient levee construction downstream of the dams 
B) A flood outside the design capabilities of the dam system overwhelmed the capacity of the reservoirs forcing opening of flood gates,exacerbating the downstream impact of the flooding 
C) Bad planning by the water managers who cared more about power production than downstream flooding 
D) It was not a failure; the dam system worked as planned.It was poor planning by the downstream government agencies. 
A) Insufficient levee construction downstream of the dams 
B) A flood outside the design capabilities of the dam system overwhelmed the capacity of the reservoirs forcing opening of flood gates,exacerbating the downstream impact of the flooding 
C) Bad planning by the water managers who cared more about power production than downstream flooding 
D) It was not a failure; the dam system worked as planned.It was poor planning by the downstream government agencies.

Question 17

If you were to examine the profile of a typical river,you would probably find that the gradient is ________.

Accepted Answer

A) steepest near the mouth 
B) steepest near the head 
C) the same at both the head and mouth 
D) none of these 
A) steepest near the mouth 
B) steepest near the head 
C) the same at both the head and mouth 
D) none of these

Question 18

Which component of the water cycle describes the recharge of water to the soil and groundwater systems?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which component of the water cycle describes...

Question 19

When examining the geology of a region for potential aquifers,what characteristics or factors would you consider? Also,what areas (based on natural and human factors)would you avoid?

Accepted Answer

One would be looking for unconsolidated

Question 20

Sediment is neither stored nor produced ________.It is primarily a zone of transport in a river system.

Accepted Answer

A) in the head waters 
B) in the drainage divide 
C) in the trunk stream 
D) near the outlet 
E) in the flood plain 
A) in the head waters 
B) in the drainage divide 
C) in the trunk stream 
D) near the outlet 
E) in the flood plain

Exam 5: Running Water and Groundwater

Trunk streams are a major region of sediment storage in a river system.

Laminar flow,where water moves in approximately straight-line paths,characterizes ________.

________ make up the suspended loads of most rivers and streams.

artificial levees dams floodplains channelization

________ describes the total sediment load transported by a stream.

The main power of water in a channel is related to its ________.

Floods are the least destructive of all geologic hazards.

Which of the following is not a form of artificial flood control?

Karst topography is most commonly associated with areas underlain by massive sandstone strata.

Approximately how much of the Earth's water supply is saline?

A natural,meandering,river channel is modified into a more or less straight and smooth,canal-like channel.Which of the following statements is correct?

Porosity is a measure of the volume of open space in rocks and unconsolidated geological materials such as alluvium and soils.

A(n)________ is a circular to elliptical,closed depression in karst areas.

Which of the following is not part of the water cycle?

Which slender,conical speleothem grows from water dripping from the ceiling of a cavern?

If you were to examine the profile of a typical river,you would probably find that the gradient is ________.

Which component of the water cycle describes the recharge of water to the soil and groundwater systems?

When examining the geology of a region for potential aquifers,what characteristics or factors would you consider? Also,what areas (based on natural and human factors)would you avoid?

Sediment is neither stored nor produced ________.It is primarily a zone of transport in a river system.

Introduction to Earth Science

Matter and Minerals

Rocks: Materials of the Solid Earth

Weathering, soil, and Mass Wasting

Glaciers, deserts, and Wind

Plate Tectonics: a Scientific Revolution Unfolds

Earthquakes and Earths Interior

Volcanoes and Other Igneous Activity

Crustal Deformation and Mountain Building

Geologic Time

Earths Evolution Through Geologic Time

The Ocean Floor

Ocean Water and Ocean Life

The Dynamic Ocean

The Atmosphere: Composition,structure,and Temperature

Moisture, clouds, and Precipitation

Air Pressure and Wind

Weather Patterns and Severe Weather

World Climates and Global Climate Change

Origin of Modern Astronomy

Touring Our Solar System

Light,astronomical Observations,and the Sun

Beyond Our Solar System

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