Question 1

Many metals are extracted from ores that contain sulfide minerals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

What does the tendency of micas to produce thin cleavage flakes suggest about its crystal structure?

Accepted Answer

A) The crystal structure is characterized by complex polymerized mats that form a sheetlike structure. 
B) The structure is characterized by rings that form an interlocking network,forming planar sheets. 
C) The structure is produced by flow in the igneous rock,aligning glass layers within the crystal structure. 
D) The atoms are arranged in orderly arrangements that form strongly bonded sheets separated by weak bonds between the sheets. 
A) The crystal structure is characterized by complex polymerized mats that form a sheetlike structure. 
B) The structure is characterized by rings that form an interlocking network,forming planar sheets. 
C) The structure is produced by flow in the igneous rock,aligning glass layers within the crystal structure. 
D) The atoms are arranged in orderly arrangements that form strongly bonded sheets separated by weak bonds between the sheets.

Question 3

Which one of the following mineral groups exhibits a sheet-like silicate structure?

Accepted Answer

A) carbonates 
B) pyroxenes 
C) micas 
D) feldspars 
A) carbonates 
B) pyroxenes 
C) micas 
D) feldspars

Question 4

Quartz has a characteristic conchoidal fracture,yet rock shops often sell quartz as elongate six sided objects with a pointed termination.What causes this shape?

Accepted Answer

A) The rock shop cuts them that way with abrasives.The facets are cut to give the crystals more "power" for the crystal people. 
B) The planar faces that form the object are crystal faces that grow when the crystals grew into a void. 
C) Quartz usually is amorphous,consistent with its conchoidal fracture,but when it grows it grows against minerals with planar faces,causing this shape. 
D) You should never buy a crystal like this because it is clearly fake,only artificial crystals grow this way. 
A) The rock shop cuts them that way with abrasives.The facets are cut to give the crystals more "power" for the crystal people. 
B) The planar faces that form the object are crystal faces that grow when the crystals grew into a void. 
C) Quartz usually is amorphous,consistent with its conchoidal fracture,but when it grows it grows against minerals with planar faces,causing this shape. 
D) You should never buy a crystal like this because it is clearly fake,only artificial crystals grow this way.

Question 5

Heavy elements like Pb (lead)and U (Uranium)were generated ________.

Accepted Answer

A) by humans in nuclear reactors 
B) during the big band when the universe was formed 
C) by the Sun and expelled to the solar system via the solar wind 
D) during collapse of a star and subsequent nuclear synthesis in a supernova 
A) by humans in nuclear reactors 
B) during the big band when the universe was formed 
C) by the Sun and expelled to the solar system via the solar wind 
D) during collapse of a star and subsequent nuclear synthesis in a supernova

Question 6

Carbonates always include ________.

Accepted Answer

A) SiO4-4 
B) SO4-2 
C) CO3-2 
D) Cl-1,F-1,or Br-1 
A) SiO4-4 
B) SO4-2 
C) CO3-2 
D) Cl-1,F-1,or Br-1

Question 7

The physical property denoting a mineral's tendency to crack along parallel,planar surfaces is known as ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The physical property denoting a mineral's tendency...

Question 8

Atoms that have an electrical charge due to a gain or loss of electrons are called ________.

Accepted Answer

A) isotopes 
B) ions 
C) isochrons 
D) periodic elements 
A) isotopes 
B) ions 
C) isochrons 
D) periodic elements

Question 9

Dark Silicates have a specific gravity of 3.2 to 3.6 and are composed primarily of silica tetrahedral and ________.

Accepted Answer

A) iron and magnesium 
B) aluminum and magnesium 
C) aluminum and sodium 
D) potassium and calcium 
E) potassium and iron 
A) iron and magnesium 
B) aluminum and magnesium 
C) aluminum and sodium 
D) potassium and calcium 
E) potassium and iron

Question 10

In the late 20th century most metal prices were very low but metal prices increased dramatically in the early 21st century.Simultaneously,the early 21st century saw extensive "brown fields exploration" in which companies went to old mining areas and extracted old mine wastes or reopened old mine workings.What is the primary explanation for this activity?

Accepted Answer

A) The old miners were wasteful and left large amounts of ore in the ground. 
B) The increase of metal prices made mineral resources that were previously uneconomic into ores that could potentially be extracted profitably. 
C) Environmental regulations make it impossible to explore anywhere but old mining areas,so this was the only place the companies could look for deposits. 
D) The companies were only interested acquiring properties through a sleazy land grab,and had no intention of doing anything with the deposits assuming no one cared about brown fields. 
A) The old miners were wasteful and left large amounts of ore in the ground. 
B) The increase of metal prices made mineral resources that were previously uneconomic into ores that could potentially be extracted profitably. 
C) Environmental regulations make it impossible to explore anywhere but old mining areas,so this was the only place the companies could look for deposits. 
D) The companies were only interested acquiring properties through a sleazy land grab,and had no intention of doing anything with the deposits assuming no one cared about brown fields.

Question 11

Quartz forms at a lower temperature than olivine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Atoms are too small to be seen with an optical microscope.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Why do the minerals calcite and dolomite bubble with the mineral or its powder are placed in hydrochloric acid?

Accepted Answer

A) Both minerals are sulfides,and the acid reacts to release sulfur dioxide gas. 
B) Both minerals are metal hydrides,and when placed in hydrochloric acid they give off hydrogen gas. 
C) The acid and the mineral together react with oxygen in the air,releasing CO2 gas. 
D) The acid reacts with the mineral to release CO2 gas that is bound into the crystal as carbonate ion. 
A) Both minerals are sulfides,and the acid reacts to release sulfur dioxide gas. 
B) Both minerals are metal hydrides,and when placed in hydrochloric acid they give off hydrogen gas. 
C) The acid and the mineral together react with oxygen in the air,releasing CO2 gas. 
D) The acid reacts with the mineral to release CO2 gas that is bound into the crystal as carbonate ion.

Question 14

Wood floats in water,1 gram is defined as the mass of 1 cubic centimeter of water,a cubic centimeter of quartz weighs ~2.65 g and a cubic centimeter of galena weighs about 7.5 g.The density of these materials from highest to lowest is ________.

Accepted Answer

A) wood,quartz,galena,water 
B) galena,quartz,water,wood 
C) galena,quartz,wood,water 
D) water,wood,quartz,galena 
A) wood,quartz,galena,water 
B) galena,quartz,water,wood 
C) galena,quartz,wood,water 
D) water,wood,quartz,galena

Question 15

Joe Geologist discovers a vein made up primarily of quartz but also containing significant amounts of pyrite as well as chalcopyrite.He knows better than to fall for fool's gold,and decides to ignore the vein.Did he make the right decision? Explain.

Accepted Answer

No,although the pyrite has no

Question 16

Wood floats in water and rocks sink; thus,the density of ________ is the lower of the two.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Wood floats in water and rocks sink;...

Question 17

Element 17 (Cl)and 9 (F)________.

Accepted Answer

A) are chemically very different because they lie directly below each other on the periodic table 
B) are chemically similar because they lie directly below each other on the periodic table 
C) behave as metals because they lie on the right side of the periodic table 
D) are chemically relatively inert because they adjacent to the inert gases on the periodic table 
A) are chemically very different because they lie directly below each other on the periodic table 
B) are chemically similar because they lie directly below each other on the periodic table 
C) behave as metals because they lie on the right side of the periodic table 
D) are chemically relatively inert because they adjacent to the inert gases on the periodic table

Question 18

ionic metallic valence covalent

Accepted Answer

The answer of ionic metallic valence covalent...

Question 19

Ore deposits of the element ________ do not require extreme concentrations because it is one of the most abundant elements in the Earth's crust.

Accepted Answer

A) aluminum 
B) boron 
C) carbon 
D) uranium 
A) aluminum 
B) boron 
C) carbon 
D) uranium

Question 20

Light colored silicates have a specific gravity of about 2.7 grams/cm3 are composed primarily of the silica tetrahedra and ________.

Accepted Answer

A) iron,magnesium,calcium,and sodium 
B) aluminum,magnesium,calcium,and iron 
C) magnesium,aluminum,sodium,and calcium 
D) potassium,calcium,sodium,and aluminum 
E) potassium,aluminum,magnesium,and sodium 
A) iron,magnesium,calcium,and sodium 
B) aluminum,magnesium,calcium,and iron 
C) magnesium,aluminum,sodium,and calcium 
D) potassium,calcium,sodium,and aluminum 
E) potassium,aluminum,magnesium,and sodium

Exam 2: Matter and Minerals

Many metals are extracted from ores that contain sulfide minerals.

What does the tendency of micas to produce thin cleavage flakes suggest about its crystal structure?

Which one of the following mineral groups exhibits a sheet-like silicate structure?

Quartz has a characteristic conchoidal fracture,yet rock shops often sell quartz as elongate six sided objects with a pointed termination.What causes this shape?

Heavy elements like Pb (lead)and U (Uranium)were generated ________.

Carbonates always include ________.

The physical property denoting a mineral's tendency to crack along parallel,planar surfaces is known as ________.

Atoms that have an electrical charge due to a gain or loss of electrons are called ________.

Dark Silicates have a specific gravity of 3.2 to 3.6 and are composed primarily of silica tetrahedral and ________.

Quartz forms at a lower temperature than olivine.

Atoms are too small to be seen with an optical microscope.

Why do the minerals calcite and dolomite bubble with the mineral or its powder are placed in hydrochloric acid?

Wood floats in water,1 gram is defined as the mass of 1 cubic centimeter of water,a cubic centimeter of quartz weighs ~2.65 g and a cubic centimeter of galena weighs about 7.5 g.The density of these materials from highest to lowest is ________.

Joe Geologist discovers a vein made up primarily of quartz but also containing significant amounts of pyrite as well as chalcopyrite.He knows better than to fall for fool's gold,and decides to ignore the vein.Did he make the right decision? Explain.

Wood floats in water and rocks sink; thus,the density of ________ is the lower of the two.

Element 17 (Cl)and 9 (F)________.

ionic metallic valence covalent

Ore deposits of the element ________ do not require extreme concentrations because it is one of the most abundant elements in the Earth's crust.

Light colored silicates have a specific gravity of about 2.7 grams/cm3 are composed primarily of the silica tetrahedra and ________.

Introduction to Earth Science

Rocks: Materials of the Solid Earth

Weathering, soil, and Mass Wasting

Running Water and Groundwater

Glaciers, deserts, and Wind

Plate Tectonics: a Scientific Revolution Unfolds

Earthquakes and Earths Interior

Volcanoes and Other Igneous Activity

Crustal Deformation and Mountain Building

Geologic Time

Earths Evolution Through Geologic Time

The Ocean Floor

Ocean Water and Ocean Life

The Dynamic Ocean

The Atmosphere: Composition,structure,and Temperature

Moisture, clouds, and Precipitation

Air Pressure and Wind

Weather Patterns and Severe Weather

World Climates and Global Climate Change

Origin of Modern Astronomy

Touring Our Solar System

Light,astronomical Observations,and the Sun

Beyond Our Solar System

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