Question 1

If a river originates 200 meters above sea level and travels 100 kilometers to the ocean,what is the average gradient in meters per kilometer?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.2 meters per kilometer 
B) 0.5 meters per kilometer 
C) 2 meters per kilometer 
D) 5 meters per kilometer 
E) none of these 
A) 0.2 meters per kilometer 
B) 0.5 meters per kilometer 
C) 2 meters per kilometer 
D) 5 meters per kilometer 
E) none of these C

Question 2

What does a profile of a river from its headwaters to its mouth typically show?

Accepted Answer

A) an increase in gradient downstream 
B) a straight-line profile reflecting a constant decrease in gradient 
C) an abrupt increase followed by a gradual decrease 
D) a curved shape that flattens out downstream 
E) none of these 
A) an increase in gradient downstream 
B) a straight-line profile reflecting a constant decrease in gradient 
C) an abrupt increase followed by a gradual decrease 
D) a curved shape that flattens out downstream 
E) none of these D

Question 3

Which of the following sediment sizes is likely to be transported mostly on the bottom of the stream bed?

Accepted Answer

A) fine sand 
B) sticky clay particles 
C) pebbles and cobbles 
D) dissolved materials 
A) fine sand 
B) sticky clay particles 
C) pebbles and cobbles 
D) dissolved materials C

Question 4

When water in a stream or desert wash decreases in velocity,sediment that the stream carries can be deposited in:

Accepted Answer

A) a delta 
B) an alluvial fan 
C) a floodplain 
D) all of these 
A) a delta 
B) an alluvial fan 
C) a floodplain 
D) all of these

Question 5

Which of the following is the main reason that a delta forms when a stream flows into a lake or sea?

Accepted Answer

A) the stream flows backward during high tide 
B) ocean waves push the sediment up onto the beach 
C) the velocity of the stream decreases 
D) the stream began downcutting during the ice ages 
E) none of these 
A) the stream flows backward during high tide 
B) ocean waves push the sediment up onto the beach 
C) the velocity of the stream decreases 
D) the stream began downcutting during the ice ages 
E) none of these

Question 6

Which of the features on this aerial photograph is an oxbow lake?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT true about braided streams?

Accepted Answer

A) these streams form where the sediment is plentiful and dominated by clay and silt 
B) the amount of sediment is close to or exceeds the stream's capacity to carry it 
C) more than one channel can carry water and sediment 
D) they can have a fairly straight overall path or gentle curves 
A) these streams form where the sediment is plentiful and dominated by clay and silt 
B) the amount of sediment is close to or exceeds the stream's capacity to carry it 
C) more than one channel can carry water and sediment 
D) they can have a fairly straight overall path or gentle curves

Question 8

What units of measure would most likely be represented by letters A-E on the bottom of the accompanying hydrograph?

Accepted Answer

A) meters 
B) hours 
C) kilograms 
D) miles 
A) meters 
B) hours 
C) kilograms 
D) miles

Question 9

Which of the following accompanies urbanization (replacing farms and open areas with cities)?

Accepted Answer

A) the discharge pattern of streams in the area does not change 
B) runoff occurs more quickly and produces a higher peak flow 
C) runoff becomes more spread out in time,increasing the amount of flooding 
D) runoff becomes more spread out in time,reducing the amount of flooding 
E) none of these 
A) the discharge pattern of streams in the area does not change 
B) runoff occurs more quickly and produces a higher peak flow 
C) runoff becomes more spread out in time,increasing the amount of flooding 
D) runoff becomes more spread out in time,reducing the amount of flooding 
E) none of these

Question 10

Using this plot of annual peak discharge,which of the following sizes of flood is most likely to be exceeded in any given year?

Accepted Answer

A) 4,000 cubic meters per second 
B) 1,000 cubic meters per second 
C) 200 cubic meters per second 
D) 100-year flood 
A) 4,000 cubic meters per second 
B) 1,000 cubic meters per second 
C) 200 cubic meters per second 
D) 100-year flood

Question 11

A delta forms when:

Accepted Answer

A) ocean waves,especially during storms,pile up sediment along the coast 
B) a steep mountain front collapses sending sediment out into the sea 
C) a river slows and deposits sediment as it enters a lake or sea 
D) windblown dust slides down steep hillsides and into a lake 
A) ocean waves,especially during storms,pile up sediment along the coast 
B) a steep mountain front collapses sending sediment out into the sea 
C) a river slows and deposits sediment as it enters a lake or sea 
D) windblown dust slides down steep hillsides and into a lake

Question 12

Which of the following is the most common cause of river and stream flooding?

Accepted Answer

A) the onset of cold weather 
B) failure of levees 
C) intense precipitation 
D) overgrazing 
E) global warming 
A) the onset of cold weather 
B) failure of levees 
C) intense precipitation 
D) overgrazing 
E) global warming

Question 13

Bedrock and sediment in a stream is most susceptible to erosion if it is:

Accepted Answer

A) in slow-moving water in an eddy 
B) in a site that is sheltered from oncoming clasts 
C) located in a turbulent part of the river 
D) composed entirely of large clasts that affect stream flow 
E) all of these 
A) in slow-moving water in an eddy 
B) in a site that is sheltered from oncoming clasts 
C) located in a turbulent part of the river 
D) composed entirely of large clasts that affect stream flow 
E) all of these

Question 14

Which of the following is true about the formation and migration of meanders?

Accepted Answer

A) most floodplains do not preserve evidence of the former position of meanders 
B) flow velocity is highest when water takes a shortcut around the inside of a bend 
C) meanders migrate inward as sediment is deposited on the inside bend 
D) migration of meanders back and forth can help form a floodplain 
E) none of these 
A) most floodplains do not preserve evidence of the former position of meanders 
B) flow velocity is highest when water takes a shortcut around the inside of a bend 
C) meanders migrate inward as sediment is deposited on the inside bend 
D) migration of meanders back and forth can help form a floodplain 
E) none of these

Question 15

Which of the following typically decreases downstream in a river?

Accepted Answer

A) flow velocity 
B) discharge 
C) channel size 
D) maximum sediment grain size 
E) none of these 
A) flow velocity 
B) discharge 
C) channel size 
D) maximum sediment grain size 
E) none of these

Question 16

Which of the following graphs is typical for the profile of a river?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D

Question 17

What is the mostly likely setting for this drainage pattern?

Accepted Answer

A) the rocks have a relatively equal resistance to erosion 
B) drainages have followed a series of fractures that branch off of one another 
C) the area has folded or faulted rocks with different resistances to erosion 
D) a volcano once existed here but has been partly eroded away 
A) the rocks have a relatively equal resistance to erosion 
B) drainages have followed a series of fractures that branch off of one another 
C) the area has folded or faulted rocks with different resistances to erosion 
D) a volcano once existed here but has been partly eroded away

Question 18

Which of the following is true about the 1993 upper Mississippi River flood and 1976 Thompson River flood?

Accepted Answer

A) both floods lasted approximately the same amount of time 
B) both floods resulted from similar-sized storms 
C) in both floods,most damage occurred on a broad floodplain adjacent to the river 
D) none of these 
A) both floods lasted approximately the same amount of time 
B) both floods resulted from similar-sized storms 
C) in both floods,most damage occurred on a broad floodplain adjacent to the river 
D) none of these

Question 19

Feature A,formed where the Nile River encounters the Mediterranean Sea,is:

Accepted Answer

A) a landslide 
B) a series of waterfalls 
C) a delta 
D) all of these 
A) a landslide 
B) a series of waterfalls 
C) a delta 
D) all of these

Question 20

Which of the following is true about a delta?

Accepted Answer

A) A delta forms as channels merge and pile up sand. 
B) A river keeps forming a delta in the exact same position along a coastline. 
C) Deltas form some layers that are horizontal and form some that are inclined toward the ocean. 
D) The total amount of sediment carried by the river increases from the start to the end of the delta system. 
A) A delta forms as channels merge and pile up sand. 
B) A river keeps forming a delta in the exact same position along a coastline. 
C) Deltas form some layers that are horizontal and form some that are inclined toward the ocean. 
D) The total amount of sediment carried by the river increases from the start to the end of the delta system.

If a river originates 200 meters above sea level and travels 100 kilometers to the ocean,what is the average gradient in meters per kilometer?

What does a profile of a river from its headwaters to its mouth typically show?

Which of the following sediment sizes is likely to be transported mostly on the bottom of the stream bed?

When water in a stream or desert wash decreases in velocity,sediment that the stream carries can be deposited in:

Which of the following is the main reason that a delta forms when a stream flows into a lake or sea?

Which of the features on this aerial photograph is an oxbow lake?

Which of the following is NOT true about braided streams?

What units of measure would most likely be represented by letters A-E on the bottom of the accompanying hydrograph?

Which of the following accompanies urbanization (replacing farms and open areas with cities)?

Using this plot of annual peak discharge,which of the following sizes of flood is most likely to be exceeded in any given year?

A delta forms when:

Which of the following is the most common cause of river and stream flooding?

Bedrock and sediment in a stream is most susceptible to erosion if it is:

Which of the following is true about the formation and migration of meanders?

Which of the following typically decreases downstream in a river?

Which of the following graphs is typical for the profile of a river?

What is the mostly likely setting for this drainage pattern?

Which of the following is true about the 1993 upper Mississippi River flood and 1976 Thompson River flood?

Feature A,formed where the Nile River encounters the Mediterranean Sea,is:

Which of the following is true about a delta?

The Nature of Geology

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Exam 16: Streams and Flooding

If a river originates 200 meters above sea level and travels 100 kilometers to the ocean,what is the average gradient in meters per kilometer?

What does a profile of a river from its headwaters to its mouth typically show?

Which of the following sediment sizes is likely to be transported mostly on the bottom of the stream bed?

When water in a stream or desert wash decreases in velocity,sediment that the stream carries can be deposited in:

Which of the following is the main reason that a delta forms when a stream flows into a lake or sea?

Which of the features on this aerial photograph is an oxbow lake?

Which of the following is NOT true about braided streams?

What units of measure would most likely be represented by letters A-E on the bottom of the accompanying hydrograph?

Which of the following accompanies urbanization (replacing farms and open areas with cities)?

Using this plot of annual peak discharge,which of the following sizes of flood is most likely to be exceeded in any given year?

A delta forms when:

Which of the following is the most common cause of river and stream flooding?

Bedrock and sediment in a stream is most susceptible to erosion if it is:

Which of the following is true about the formation and migration of meanders?

Which of the following typically decreases downstream in a river?

Which of the following graphs is typical for the profile of a river?

What is the mostly likely setting for this drainage pattern?

Which of the following is true about the 1993 upper Mississippi River flood and 1976 Thompson River flood?

Feature A,formed where the Nile River encounters the Mediterranean Sea,is:

Which of the following is true about a delta?

The Nature of Geology

Investigating Geologic Questions

Plate Tectonics

Earth Materials

Igneous Environments

Volcanoes and Volcanic Hazards

Sedimentary Environments and Rocks

Deformation and Metamorphism

Geologic Time

The Seafloor and Continental Margins

Mountains, basins, and Continents

Earthquakes and Earths Interior

Climate, weather, and Their Influences on Geology

Glaciers, shorelines, and Changing Sea Levels

Weathering, soil, and Unstable Slopes

Water Resources

Energy and Mineral Resources

Geology of the Solar System

Filters