Question 1

Which of the following is a basic assumption for a chi-square hypothesis test?

Accepted Answer

A) The population distribution(s)must be normal. 
B) The scores must come from an interval or ratio scale. 
C) The observations must be independent. 
D) All of the other choices are assumptions for chi-square. 
A) The population distribution(s)must be normal. 
B) The scores must come from an interval or ratio scale. 
C) The observations must be independent. 
D) All of the other choices are assumptions for chi-square. C

Question 2

A chi-square test for goodness of fit is used to examine the distribution of individuals across three categories,and a chi-square test for independence is used to examine the distribution of individuals in a 2×3 matrix of categories.Which test has the larger value for df?

Accepted Answer

A) The test for goodness of fit 
B) The test for independence 
C) Both tests have the same df value. 
D) The df value depends on the sizes of the samples that are used. 
A) The test for goodness of fit 
B) The test for independence 
C) Both tests have the same df value. 
D) The df value depends on the sizes of the samples that are used. C

Question 3

A researcher selects a sample of 100 people to investigate the relationship between gender (male/female)and registering to vote.The sample consists of 40 females,of whom 30 are registered voters,and 60 males,of whom 40 are registered voters.If these data were used for a chi-square test for independence,what is the expected frequency for registered females?

Accepted Answer

A) 12 
B) 28 
C) 40 
D) 42 
A) 12 
B) 28 
C) 40 
D) 42 B

Question 4

The degrees of freedom for a chi-square test are not related to the size of the sample.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The phi-coefficient is used to evaluate effect size for the chi-square test for independence,provided the test has df > 1.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Although the outcome for a chi-square test for independence is influenced by sample size,measures of effect size such as the phi-coefficient or Cramér's V are not.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

For a fixed level of significance,the critical value for chi-square increases as the degrees of freedom increase.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

A researcher used a sample of n = 60 individuals to determine whether there are any preferences among four brands of pizza.Each individual tastes all four brands and selects his/her favorite.If the data are evaluated with a chi-square test for goodness of fit using α = .05,then how large does the chi-square statistic need to be to reject the null hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A) Greater than 7.81 
B) Less than 7.81 
C) Greater than 79.08 
D) Less than 79.08 
A) Greater than 7.81 
B) Less than 7.81 
C) Greater than 79.08 
D) Less than 79.08

Question 9

The expected frequencies for a chi-square test are always whole numbers (no fractions or decimals).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

What is evaluated by the chi-square test for goodness of fit?

Accepted Answer

A) The relationship between two variables 
B) The mean differences between two or more treatments 
C) The shape or proportions for a population distribution 
D) None of the other options are evaluated by the chi-square test. 
A) The relationship between two variables 
B) The mean differences between two or more treatments 
C) The shape or proportions for a population distribution 
D) None of the other options are evaluated by the chi-square test.

Question 11

For the expected frequencies in a chi-square test for independence,the proportions for any row are exactly the same as the proportions in every other row.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which of the following is always true for a chi-square test for goodness of fit or a test for independence?

Accepted Answer

A) Σfe = n 
B) Σfe = Σfo 
C) Both Σfe = n and Σfe = Σfo 
D) Neither Σfe = n nor Σfe = Σfo 
A) Σfe = n 
B) Σfe = Σfo 
C) Both Σfe = n and Σfe = Σfo 
D) Neither Σfe = n nor Σfe = Σfo

Question 13

A researcher obtains a negative value for chi-square statistic.What can you conclude because the value is negative?

Accepted Answer

A) The observed frequencies are consistently larger than the expected frequencies. 
B) The expected frequencies are consistently larger than the observed frequencies. 
C) There are large differences between the observed and expected frequencies. 
D) The researcher made a mistake; the value of chi-square cannot be negative. 
A) The observed frequencies are consistently larger than the expected frequencies. 
B) The expected frequencies are consistently larger than the observed frequencies. 
C) There are large differences between the observed and expected frequencies. 
D) The researcher made a mistake; the value of chi-square cannot be negative.

Question 14

Which of the following accurately describes the expected frequencies for a chi-square test?

Accepted Answer

A) They are always whole numbers. 
B) They can contain fractions or decimal values. 
C) They can contain both positive and negative values. 
D) They can contain fractions and negative numbers. 
A) They are always whole numbers. 
B) They can contain fractions or decimal values. 
C) They can contain both positive and negative values. 
D) They can contain fractions and negative numbers.

Question 15

How does the difference between fe and fo influence the outcome of a chi-square test?

Accepted Answer

A) The larger the difference,the larger the value of chi-square and the greater the likelihood of rejecting the null hypothesis. 
B) The larger the difference,the larger the value of chi-square and the lower the likelihood of rejecting the null hypothesis. 
C) The larger the difference,the smaller the value of chi-square and the greater the likelihood of rejecting the null hypothesis. 
D) The larger the difference,the smaller the value of chi-square and the lower the likelihood of rejecting the null hypothesis. 
A) The larger the difference,the larger the value of chi-square and the greater the likelihood of rejecting the null hypothesis. 
B) The larger the difference,the larger the value of chi-square and the lower the likelihood of rejecting the null hypothesis. 
C) The larger the difference,the smaller the value of chi-square and the greater the likelihood of rejecting the null hypothesis. 
D) The larger the difference,the smaller the value of chi-square and the lower the likelihood of rejecting the null hypothesis.

Question 16

A researcher used a sample of n = 50 individuals to determine whether they are any preferences between two new designs for a smart phone.If the data produce a chi-square statistic of 2 = 6.00 what decision should the researcher make?

Accepted Answer

A) There is a significant preference for either  = .05 or  = .01. 
B) There is a significant preference for  = .05 but not for  = .01. 
C) There is no significant preference for either  = .05 or  = .01. 
D) There is no significant preference for  = .05 but there is for  = .01. 
A) There is a significant preference for either  = .05 or  = .01. 
B) There is a significant preference for  = .05 but not for  = .01. 
C) There is no significant preference for either  = .05 or  = .01. 
D) There is no significant preference for  = .05 but there is for  = .01.

Question 17

What is referred to by the term expected frequencies?

Accepted Answer

A) The frequencies found in the sample data 
B) The frequencies found in the population being examined 
C) The frequencies computed from the null hypothesis 
D) The frequencies that are hypothesized for the population being examined 
A) The frequencies found in the sample data 
B) The frequencies found in the population being examined 
C) The frequencies computed from the null hypothesis 
D) The frequencies that are hypothesized for the population being examined

Question 18

Which of the following accurately describes the chi-square test for goodness of fit?

Accepted Answer

A) It is similar to a single-sample t test because it uses one sample to test a hypothesis about one population. 
B) It is similar to a correlation because it uses one sample to evaluate the relationship between two variables. 
C) It is similar to an independent-measures t test because it uses separate samples to evaluate the difference between separate populations. 
D) It is similar to both a correlation and an independent-measures t test because it can be used to evaluate a relationship between variables or a difference between populations. 
A) It is similar to a single-sample t test because it uses one sample to test a hypothesis about one population. 
B) It is similar to a correlation because it uses one sample to evaluate the relationship between two variables. 
C) It is similar to an independent-measures t test because it uses separate samples to evaluate the difference between separate populations. 
D) It is similar to both a correlation and an independent-measures t test because it can be used to evaluate a relationship between variables or a difference between populations.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the possible values for a chi-square statistic?

Accepted Answer

A) Chi-square is always a positive whole numbers. 
B) Chi-square is always positive but can contain fractions or decimal values. 
C) Chi-square can be either positive or negative but always is a whole number. 
D) Chi-square can be either positive or negative and can contain fractions or decimals. 
A) Chi-square is always a positive whole numbers. 
B) Chi-square is always positive but can contain fractions or decimal values. 
C) Chi-square can be either positive or negative but always is a whole number. 
D) Chi-square can be either positive or negative and can contain fractions or decimals.

Question 20

A researcher is using a chi-square test to determine whether people have any preferences among three brands of televisions.The null hypothesis for this test would state that ______.

Accepted Answer

A) there are real preferences in the population 
B) one-third of the sample prefers each brand 
C) one-third of the population prefers each brand 
D) in the population,one brand is preferred over the other two 
A) there are real preferences in the population 
B) one-third of the sample prefers each brand 
C) one-third of the population prefers each brand 
D) in the population,one brand is preferred over the other two

Which of the following is a basic assumption for a chi-square hypothesis test?

A chi-square test for goodness of fit is used to examine the distribution of individuals across three categories,and a chi-square test for independence is used to examine the distribution of individuals in a 2×3 matrix of categories.Which test has the larger value for df?

The degrees of freedom for a chi-square test are not related to the size of the sample.

The phi-coefficient is used to evaluate effect size for the chi-square test for independence,provided the test has df > 1.

Although the outcome for a chi-square test for independence is influenced by sample size,measures of effect size such as the phi-coefficient or Cramér's V are not.

For a fixed level of significance,the critical value for chi-square increases as the degrees of freedom increase.

The expected frequencies for a chi-square test are always whole numbers (no fractions or decimals).

What is evaluated by the chi-square test for goodness of fit?

For the expected frequencies in a chi-square test for independence,the proportions for any row are exactly the same as the proportions in every other row.

Which of the following is always true for a chi-square test for goodness of fit or a test for independence?

A researcher obtains a negative value for chi-square statistic.What can you conclude because the value is negative?

Which of the following accurately describes the expected frequencies for a chi-square test?

How does the difference between f_e and f_o influence the outcome of a chi-square test?

A researcher used a sample of n = 50 individuals to determine whether they are any preferences between two new designs for a smart phone.If the data produce a chi-square statistic of ² = 6.00 what decision should the researcher make?

What is referred to by the term expected frequencies?

Which of the following accurately describes the chi-square test for goodness of fit?

Which of the following best describes the possible values for a chi-square statistic?

A researcher is using a chi-square test to determine whether people have any preferences among three brands of televisions.The null hypothesis for this test would state that ______.

Introduction to Statistics

Frequency Distributions

Measures of Central Tendency

Measures of Variability

Z-Scores

Probability

Probability and Samples:

Introduction to Hypothesis Testing

Introduction to the T Statistic

The T Test for Two Independent Samples

The T Test for Two Related Samples

Introduction to Analysis of Variance

Repeated-Measures and Two-Factor Anova

Correlation and Regression

Filters

Exam 15: Chi-Square Tests

Which of the following is a basic assumption for a chi-square hypothesis test?

A chi-square test for goodness of fit is used to examine the distribution of individuals across three categories,and a chi-square test for independence is used to examine the distribution of individuals in a 2×3 matrix of categories.Which test has the larger value for df?

The degrees of freedom for a chi-square test are not related to the size of the sample.

The phi-coefficient is used to evaluate effect size for the chi-square test for independence,provided the test has df > 1.

Although the outcome for a chi-square test for independence is influenced by sample size,measures of effect size such as the phi-coefficient or Cramér's V are not.

For a fixed level of significance,the critical value for chi-square increases as the degrees of freedom increase.

The expected frequencies for a chi-square test are always whole numbers (no fractions or decimals).

What is evaluated by the chi-square test for goodness of fit?

For the expected frequencies in a chi-square test for independence,the proportions for any row are exactly the same as the proportions in every other row.

Which of the following is always true for a chi-square test for goodness of fit or a test for independence?

A researcher obtains a negative value for chi-square statistic.What can you conclude because the value is negative?

Which of the following accurately describes the expected frequencies for a chi-square test?

How does the difference between fe and fo influence the outcome of a chi-square test?

A researcher used a sample of n = 50 individuals to determine whether they are any preferences between two new designs for a smart phone.If the data produce a chi-square statistic of 2 = 6.00 what decision should the researcher make?

What is referred to by the term expected frequencies?

Which of the following accurately describes the chi-square test for goodness of fit?

Which of the following best describes the possible values for a chi-square statistic?

A researcher is using a chi-square test to determine whether people have any preferences among three brands of televisions.The null hypothesis for this test would state that ______.

Introduction to Statistics

Frequency Distributions

Measures of Central Tendency

Measures of Variability

Z-Scores

Probability

Probability and Samples:

Introduction to Hypothesis Testing

Introduction to the T Statistic

The T Test for Two Independent Samples

The T Test for Two Related Samples

Introduction to Analysis of Variance

Repeated-Measures and Two-Factor Anova

Correlation and Regression

Filters

How does the difference between f_e and f_o influence the outcome of a chi-square test?

A researcher used a sample of n = 50 individuals to determine whether they are any preferences between two new designs for a smart phone.If the data produce a chi-square statistic of ² = 6.00 what decision should the researcher make?