Question 1

Under what circumstances can a very small treatment effect still be significant?

Accepted Answer

A) If the sample size (n)is very large 
B) If the sample standard deviation (σ)is very large 
C) If the standard error of M (σ M)is very large 
D) All of the other factors are likely to produce a significant result. 
A) If the sample size (n)is very large 
B) If the sample standard deviation (σ)is very large 
C) If the standard error of M (σ M)is very large 
D) All of the other factors are likely to produce a significant result. A

Question 2

A sample of n = 9 individuals is selected from a population with μ = 60 and σ = 6,and a treatment is administered to the sample.After treatment,the sample mean is M = 63.What is the value of Cohen's d for this sample?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.33 
B) 0.50 
C) 1.00 
D) 2.00 
A) 0.33 
B) 0.50 
C) 1.00 
D) 2.00 B

Question 3

If a treatment has a very small effect,what is a likely outcome for a hypothesis test evaluating the treatment?

Accepted Answer

A) A Type I error 
B) A Type II error 
C) Correctly reject the null hypothesis 
D) Correctly fail to reject the null hypothesis 
A) A Type I error 
B) A Type II error 
C) Correctly reject the null hypothesis 
D) Correctly fail to reject the null hypothesis B

Question 4

In general,the null hypothesis states that the treatment has no effect on the population mean.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

A researcher administers a treatment to a sample of participants selected from a population with µ = 80.If a hypothesis test is used to evaluate the effect of the treatment,which combination of factors is most likely to result in rejecting the null hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A) A sample mean near 80 with α = .05 
B) A sample mean near 80 with α = .01 
C) A sample mean much different than 80 with α = .05 
D) A sample mean much different than 80 with α = .01 
A) A sample mean near 80 with α = .05 
B) A sample mean near 80 with α = .01 
C) A sample mean much different than 80 with α = .05 
D) A sample mean much different than 80 with α = .01

Question 6

Which of the following is an accurate definition of a Type I error?

Accepted Answer

A) Rejecting a false null hypothesis 
B) Rejecting a true null hypothesis 
C) Failing to reject a false null hypothesis 
D) Failing to reject a true null hypothesis 
A) Rejecting a false null hypothesis 
B) Rejecting a true null hypothesis 
C) Failing to reject a false null hypothesis 
D) Failing to reject a true null hypothesis

Question 7

A researcher administers a treatment to a sample of participants selected from a population with µ = 80.If a hypothesis test is used to evaluate the effect of the treatment,which combination of factors is most likely to result in rejecting the null hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A) A sample mean near 80 for a small sample 
B) A sample mean near 80 for a large sample 
C) A sample mean much different than 80 for a small sample 
D) A sample mean much different than 80 for a large sample 
A) A sample mean near 80 for a small sample 
B) A sample mean near 80 for a large sample 
C) A sample mean much different than 80 for a small sample 
D) A sample mean much different than 80 for a large sample

Question 8

What is measured by the denominator of the z-score test statistic?

Accepted Answer

A) The average distance between M and µ that would be expected if H0 was true 
B) The actual distance between M and µ 
C) The position of the sample mean relative to the critical region 
D) Whether or not there is a significant difference between M and µ 
A) The average distance between M and µ that would be expected if H0 was true 
B) The actual distance between M and µ 
C) The position of the sample mean relative to the critical region 
D) Whether or not there is a significant difference between M and µ

Question 9

The null hypothesis predicts a specific value for the population mean.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

If other factors are held constant,then increasing the sample size will increase the likelihood of rejecting the null hypothesis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

With F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 = .05,how are the boundaries for the critical region determined?

Accepted Answer

A) Boundaries are drawn so there is 2.5% (.025)in each tail of the distribution. 
B) Boundaries are drawn so there is 5% (.05)in each tail of the distribution. 
C) Boundaries are drawn so there is 10% (.10)in each tail of the distribution. 
D) Boundaries are drawn so there is 5% (.05)in the center of the distribution. 
A) Boundaries are drawn so there is 2.5% (.025)in each tail of the distribution. 
B) Boundaries are drawn so there is 5% (.05)in each tail of the distribution. 
C) Boundaries are drawn so there is 10% (.10)in each tail of the distribution. 
D) Boundaries are drawn so there is 5% (.05)in the center of the distribution.

Question 12

Although the size of the sample can influence the outcome of a hypothesis test,it has little or no influence on measures of effect size.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

A Type II error occurs when a treatment actually does have an effect on the scores but the effect was not large enough to reject the null hypothesis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

A researcher is evaluating a treatment that is expected to increase scores.If a one-tailed test with F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 = .05 is used,then the critical region consists of z-scores less than F1F1F1S1F1F1F101.65.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

A researcher conducts a hypothesis test to evaluate the effect of a treatment that is expected to increase scores.The hypothesis test produces a z-score of z = 2.27.If the researcher is using a one-tailed test,what is the correct statistical decision?

Accepted Answer

A) Reject the null hypothesis with α = .05 but not with α = .01 
B) Reject the null hypothesis with either α = .05 or α = .01 
C) Fail to reject the null hypothesis with either α = .05 or α = .01 
D) Cannot answer without additional information 
A) Reject the null hypothesis with α = .05 but not with α = .01 
B) Reject the null hypothesis with either α = .05 or α = .01 
C) Fail to reject the null hypothesis with either α = .05 or α = .01 
D) Cannot answer without additional information

Question 16

In a research report,the term significant result means that the null hypothesis was rejected.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

A researcher evaluates a treatment effect using a two-tailed hypothesis test with F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 = .05,and the decision is to reject the null hypothesis.If the researcher switched to a one-tailed test using the same sample,what decision would be made?

Accepted Answer

A) Definitely reject the null hypothesis with F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 = .05 and maybe reject with F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 = .01 
B) Definitely reject the null hypothesis with F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 = .05 and with F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 = .01 
C) Definitely fail to reject the null hypothesis with either F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 = .05 or with F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 = .01 
D) It is impossible to predict the outcome of the one-tailed test. 
A) Definitely reject the null hypothesis with F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 = .05 and maybe reject with F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 = .01 
B) Definitely reject the null hypothesis with F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 = .05 and with F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 = .01 
C) Definitely fail to reject the null hypothesis with either F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 = .05 or with F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 = .01 
D) It is impossible to predict the outcome of the one-tailed test.

Question 18

A researcher is conducting an experiment to evaluate a treatment that is expected to increase the scores for individuals in a population.If the researcher uses a one-tailed test with F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 = .01,then which of the following correctly identifies the critical region?

Accepted Answer

A) z > 2.33 B) z > 2.58 C) z < 2.33 D) z < 2.58 A) z > 2.33 B) z > 2.58 C) z < 2.33 D) z < 2.58

Question 19

In a research report,p < .05 indicates that the probability of a Type I error is less than .05.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

When is there a risk of a Type II error?

Accepted Answer

A) Whenever H0 is rejected 
B) Whenever H1 is rejected 
C) Whenever the decision is "fail to reject H0" 
D) The risk of a Type II error is independent of the decision from a hypothesis test. 
A) Whenever H0 is rejected 
B) Whenever H1 is rejected 
C) Whenever the decision is "fail to reject H0" 
D) The risk of a Type II error is independent of the decision from a hypothesis test.

Under what circumstances can a very small treatment effect still be significant?

A sample of n = 9 individuals is selected from a population with μ = 60 and σ = 6,and a treatment is administered to the sample.After treatment,the sample mean is M = 63.What is the value of Cohen's d for this sample?

If a treatment has a very small effect,what is a likely outcome for a hypothesis test evaluating the treatment?

In general,the null hypothesis states that the treatment has no effect on the population mean.

A researcher administers a treatment to a sample of participants selected from a population with µ = 80.If a hypothesis test is used to evaluate the effect of the treatment,which combination of factors is most likely to result in rejecting the null hypothesis?

Which of the following is an accurate definition of a Type I error?

A researcher administers a treatment to a sample of participants selected from a population with µ = 80.If a hypothesis test is used to evaluate the effect of the treatment,which combination of factors is most likely to result in rejecting the null hypothesis?

What is measured by the denominator of the z-score test statistic?

The null hypothesis predicts a specific value for the population mean.

If other factors are held constant,then increasing the sample size will increase the likelihood of rejecting the null hypothesis.

With  = .05,how are the boundaries for the critical region determined?

Although the size of the sample can influence the outcome of a hypothesis test,it has little or no influence on measures of effect size.

A Type II error occurs when a treatment actually does have an effect on the scores but the effect was not large enough to reject the null hypothesis.

A researcher is evaluating a treatment that is expected to increase scores.If a one-tailed test with  = .05 is used,then the critical region consists of z-scores less than 1.65.

A researcher conducts a hypothesis test to evaluate the effect of a treatment that is expected to increase scores.The hypothesis test produces a z-score of z = 2.27.If the researcher is using a one-tailed test,what is the correct statistical decision?

In a research report,the term significant result means that the null hypothesis was rejected.

A researcher evaluates a treatment effect using a two-tailed hypothesis test with  = .05,and the decision is to reject the null hypothesis.If the researcher switched to a one-tailed test using the same sample,what decision would be made?

A researcher is conducting an experiment to evaluate a treatment that is expected to increase the scores for individuals in a population.If the researcher uses a one-tailed test with  = .01,then which of the following correctly identifies the critical region?

In a research report,p < .05 indicates that the probability of a Type I error is less than .05.

When is there a risk of a Type II error?

Introduction to Statistics

Frequency Distributions

Measures of Central Tendency

Measures of Variability

Z-Scores

Probability

Probability and Samples:

Introduction to the T Statistic

The T Test for Two Independent Samples

The T Test for Two Related Samples

Introduction to Analysis of Variance

Repeated-Measures and Two-Factor Anova

Correlation and Regression

Chi-Square Tests

Filters

Exam 8: Introduction to Hypothesis Testing

Under what circumstances can a very small treatment effect still be significant?

A sample of n = 9 individuals is selected from a population with μ = 60 and σ = 6,and a treatment is administered to the sample.After treatment,the sample mean is M = 63.What is the value of Cohen's d for this sample?

If a treatment has a very small effect,what is a likely outcome for a hypothesis test evaluating the treatment?

In general,the null hypothesis states that the treatment has no effect on the population mean.

A researcher administers a treatment to a sample of participants selected from a population with µ = 80.If a hypothesis test is used to evaluate the effect of the treatment,which combination of factors is most likely to result in rejecting the null hypothesis?

Which of the following is an accurate definition of a Type I error?

A researcher administers a treatment to a sample of participants selected from a population with µ = 80.If a hypothesis test is used to evaluate the effect of the treatment,which combination of factors is most likely to result in rejecting the null hypothesis?

What is measured by the denominator of the z-score test statistic?

The null hypothesis predicts a specific value for the population mean.

If other factors are held constant,then increasing the sample size will increase the likelihood of rejecting the null hypothesis.

With  = .05,how are the boundaries for the critical region determined?

Although the size of the sample can influence the outcome of a hypothesis test,it has little or no influence on measures of effect size.

A Type II error occurs when a treatment actually does have an effect on the scores but the effect was not large enough to reject the null hypothesis.

A researcher is evaluating a treatment that is expected to increase scores.If a one-tailed test with  = .05 is used,then the critical region consists of z-scores less than 1.65.

A researcher conducts a hypothesis test to evaluate the effect of a treatment that is expected to increase scores.The hypothesis test produces a z-score of z = 2.27.If the researcher is using a one-tailed test,what is the correct statistical decision?

In a research report,the term significant result means that the null hypothesis was rejected.

A researcher evaluates a treatment effect using a two-tailed hypothesis test with  = .05,and the decision is to reject the null hypothesis.If the researcher switched to a one-tailed test using the same sample,what decision would be made?

A researcher is conducting an experiment to evaluate a treatment that is expected to increase the scores for individuals in a population.If the researcher uses a one-tailed test with  = .01,then which of the following correctly identifies the critical region?

In a research report,p < .05 indicates that the probability of a Type I error is less than .05.

When is there a risk of a Type II error?

Introduction to Statistics

Frequency Distributions

Measures of Central Tendency

Measures of Variability

Z-Scores

Probability

Probability and Samples:

Introduction to the T Statistic

The T Test for Two Independent Samples

The T Test for Two Related Samples

Introduction to Analysis of Variance

Repeated-Measures and Two-Factor Anova

Correlation and Regression

Chi-Square Tests

Filters